scholarly journals Demographic situation in Vojvodina in the last decade of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century

2004 ◽  
pp. 199-223
Author(s):  
Branislav Djurdjev ◽  
Mirjana Martinov-Cvejin ◽  
Goran Penev ◽  
Sonja Jovanovic ◽  
Radoslav Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Low Birthrate ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Negative Population

On the basis of the analyzed demographic data for the last decade of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, one could conclude that the most significant characteristics of the population of Vojvodina are: slow demographic increase; negative population growth; more and more unfavourable age structure; increase in the decision to remain single; relatively low level of urbanization, a very heterogeneous national composition of the population; acceptance of low reproductive norms in the majority of the population; and a very probable depopulation in the future. The discussed demographic features characteristic for Vojvodina as a whole are also present in most of the smaller territorial-administrative units like districts and muinicipalities. Their population is also characterized by the negative population growth, low birthrate and fertility, high general mortality-rate as well as by a very advanced process of demographic ageing. The analysis about the demographic situation in Vojvodina was primarily based on the data from the 1991 and 2002 censuses, as well as on the data of the vital statistics for that inter-census period.

Global Earthquake Fatalities and Population

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Holzer ◽  
James C. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Poisson Distribution ◽  
21St Century ◽  
World Population ◽  
Background Rate ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
World Population Growth ◽  
Human Death ◽  
Earthquake Fatalities

Modern global earthquake fatalities can be separated into two components: (1) fatalities from an approximately constant annual background rate that is independent of world population growth and (2) fatalities caused by earthquakes with large human death tolls, the frequency of which is dependent on world population. Earthquakes with death tolls greater than 100,000 (and 50,000) have increased with world population and obey a nonstationary Poisson distribution with rate proportional to population. We predict that the number of earthquakes with death tolls greater than 100,000 (50,000) will increase in the 21st century to 8.7±3.3 (20.5±4.3) from 4 (7) observed in the 20th century if world population reaches 10.1 billion in 2100. Combining fatalities caused by the background rate with fatalities caused by catastrophic earthquakes ( >100,000 fatalities) indicates global fatalities in the 21st century will be 2.57±0.64 million if the average post-1900 death toll for catastrophic earthquakes (193,000) is assumed.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL TRANSFORMATION OF WEST MORAVA VALLEY DISTRICT SETTLEMENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Penjisević ◽  
Jovan Dragojlović
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
The West ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Functional Transformation ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Selective Transformation ◽  
Rural Part

The existing territorial layout and the current demographic situation in the settlements of West Morava Valley District during the late 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century are the result of the synchronized action of the process of industrialization, deagrarization and urbanization. They conditioned the selective transformation of urban and rural space, which led to the concentration of the population in urban and suburban settlements and the depopulation of the rural part of the West Morava Valley District. Within the studied region, the hierarchy of municipal centers, subcenters and communities of settlements was observed. Based on important theoretical and methodological assumptions and indicators, the paper analyzes the functional transformation of the settlements of West Morava Valley in the period between 1971- 2011. It was determined by certain quantitative methods that the changes went in the direction of reducing the share of purely agrarian settlements and increasing the share of industrial and service settlements.

scholarly journals Demographic crisis as a threat to the national security of the Russian Federation

2012 ◽  
pp. 260-264
Author(s):  
E. V. Yakutovich
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
National Security ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Population

The analysis of the demographic situation in the country, the ability of national threats in a negative population growth is considered a causal relationship crisis, including, possible projections of population change of the geopolitical picture of the world.

scholarly journals Functional transformation of West Morava Valley District settlements

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Ivana Penjišević ◽  
Jovan Dragojlović
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
The West ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Functional Transformation ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Selective Transformation ◽  
Rural Part

The existing territorial layout and the current demographic situation in the settlements of West Morava Valley District during the late 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century are the result of the synchronized action of the process of industrialization, deagrarization and urbanization. They conditioned the selective transformation of urban and rural space, which led to the concentration of the population in urban and suburban settlements and the depopulation of the rural part of the West Morava Valley District. Within the studied region, the hierarchy of municipal centers, subcenters and communities of settlements was observed. Based on important theoretical and methodological assumptions and indicators, the paper analyzes the functional transformation of the settlements of West Morava Valley in the period between 1971-2011. It was determined by certain quantitative methods that the changes went in the direction of reducing the share of purely agrarian settlements and increasing the share of industrial and service settlements.

scholarly journals Households of Vojvodina according to the type of settlement at the beginning of the 21st century

2006 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Jelena Predojevic
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Municipal Level

The main goal of the paper is the analysis of the demographic picture of households of Vojvodina according to the type of settlement, on the basis of the data from the 2002 census. Special attention would be directed to the changes developed in the last decade of the 20th century. The analysis would be based on the following demographic indicators: the number of households the average size of the household, the structure of the household according to the number of members of a specific age, as well as the structure of the old-age (65+ years) households. The picture of the situation would be related to the households of Vojvodina according to the type of settlements and the possession of agricultural estates, while the analysis of the number, average size and the structure of the households according to the number of members would be also related to the municipal level (according to the type of settlement and possession of agricultural estates). It is expected that the results of the analysis would show the continuation of the already far-developed trend of the so-called demographic ageing of households increase in the share of households with old persons, specially the single old-age households, and that the greatest changes in the preceding decade were related to the households in the urban settlements of Vojvodina.

“Band Wagon and Gravy Train”: uses and abuses along the Silk Road

Afghanistan ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-194
Author(s):  
Warwick Ball
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Ancient Trade ◽  
International Image ◽  
Academic Discussion ◽  
The Silk Road

The Silk Road as an image is a relatively new one for Afghanistan. It appeals to both the pre-Islamic and the perceived Islamic past, thus offering an Islamic balance to previous identities linked to Bamiyan or to the Kushans. It also appeals to a broader and more international image, one that has been taken up by many other countries. This paper traces the rise of the image of the Silk Road and its use as a metaphor for ancient trade to encompass all contacts throughout Eurasia, prehistoric, ancient and modern, but also how the image has been adopted and expanded into many other areas: politics, tourism and academia. It is argued here that the origin and popularity of the term lies in late 20th century (and increasingly 21st century) politics rather than any reality of ancient trade. Its consequent validity as a metaphor in academic discussion is questioned

The role of science in the study of and response to space threats

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-799
Author(s):  
B. M. Shustov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
The Sun ◽  
National Program ◽  
Biological Hazard ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Space Activities

During the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, space hazards multiplied, the most urgent of which is space debris. Professionals working in space are exposed to this hazard daily and are aware of it as a problem. Furthermore, increasing attention is being paid to the unpredictable behavior of the Sun, which produces the so-called space weather. The asteroid-comet hazard is considered as potentially having the most catastrophic consequences. No manifestations of biological hazard have yet been observed, although as space activities develop, it is becoming increasingly important. The appropriate time scale for astrophysical hazards is many millions of years, so from a practical perspective, they have no importance. This article briefly describes the main types of space hazards. The author analyzes the results of research and practical work in the field, both worldwide and specifically in Russia. Comparative analysis leads to the clear conclusion that a national program must be developed for the study of space hazards and to respond to space threats. This article is based on a report made by the author at the meeting of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) on January 15, 2019.

scholarly journals Upper Colorado River Basin 20th century droughts under 21st century warming: Plausible scenarios for the future

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 100206
Author(s):  
Connie A. Woodhouse ◽  
Rebecca M. Smith ◽  
Stephanie A. McAfee ◽  
Gregory T. Pederson ◽  
Gregory J. McCabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
River Basin ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
Colorado River Basin ◽  
Upper Colorado River Basin ◽  
The Future
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