scholarly journals The effects of the trefoil pedagogical approach on encouraging creative behaviour in students

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-230
Author(s):  
Jasmina Sefer ◽  
Snezana Mirkov
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
School Year ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Student Questionnaire

?his paper presents a portion of the results obtained in a more extensive study dealing with monitoring of the work methods and the effects of an experimental implementation of the Trefoil pedagogical approach, developed based on pedagogical theories by the researchers from Belgrade. The Trefoil is based on using group work, creative play, openended tasks, critical dialogue, research work and students? involvement in projects for which teachers were trained through implementation and reflexive practice. The aim of this longitudinal study is to determine the effects of the Trefoil on encouraging initiative, cooperation and creativity in students. Research participants were all teachers and students of an urban primary school during one school year. Data on students? creative work were collected and compared before and after the experiment, obtained by expert observation of classes and a teacher and student questionnaire. Data were processed using one-way analysis of variance for repeated measures and two-way mixed analysis of variance. The results pointed to positive effects of the Trefoil approach, which, according to qualitative data, could probably have been bigger if the experiment had lasted longer. Different assessors noticed progress in encouraging students? creativity, but in different domains. The results have confirmed the justifiability of using the Trefoil approach, provided that its validity is tested by implementation in other educational contexts for the purposes of further research and enhancement of the initial conception.

scholarly journals Measuring the Effectiveness of Virtuous Pedagogy: A Quantitative Study of the What If Learning Approach in Church of England Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Sabina Hulbert ◽  
Trevor Cooling ◽  
Robert Bowie
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Measures ◽  
Positive Effect

What If Learning is a pedagogical approach that allows teachers to deliver traditional content, as prescribed by national curricula, while at the same time promoting character virtues fundamental to Christian ethos. It encourages teachers to present topics from a different perspective, which shapes understanding through the lenses of cooperation, coaching or hospitality. What If Learning reframes ‘how’ to teach rather than changing ‘what’ to teach. This study tested the effects of a three-months-long What If Learning intervention which reshaped the delivery of lessons to reflect values of hospitality and welcome in twenty schools across five dioceses in the United Kingdom. Four hundred and seventy-four pupils and 198 of their teachers filled in online surveys presenting implicit and explicit measures of intergroup attitudes adapted from the existing literature to reflect our operationalisation of tolerance as the Christian virtue of hospitality or welcome. Data were collected from all participants at three time points: before and after the intervention and then again three months later. Analyses of variance revealed a pattern of answers largely supportive of the positive effect of the proposed pedagogical approach, although not always consistent with the hypotheses. Teachers report overwhelming positive effects of the intervention on several aspects of pupils’ behaviour and flourishing potentials. The discussion focuses on the widespread implications of these findings while acknowledging the need for additional research to strengthen our conclusions and promote the approach even further.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Pigmentations and Accelerated Aging on the Hardness and Tear Strength of the A-2186 and MDX4-4210 Silicones

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefânia Marrega Malavazi ◽  
Daniela Micheline dos Santos ◽  
Clóvis Lamartine de Moraes Melo Neto ◽  
Fernanda Pereira de Caxias ◽  
Emily Vivianne Freitas da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hardness Values

Objective. To evaluate the influence of different pigmentations and accelerated aging on the hardness and tear strength of the A-2186 and MDX4-4210 silicones. Materials and Methods. The samples A-2186 and MDX4-4210 were manufactured without and with pigmentations (black, bronze, and pink). For the Shore A hardness test, 80 samples of each silicone were fabricated, and for the tear strength test, 320 samples of each silicone were fabricated. Eight groups were created for each test (n = 10). These tests were performed before and after 252, 504, and 1008 hours of aging. Three-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and the Tukey test were performed (α = 0.05). Results. The A-2186 silicone showed higher hardness and tear strength when compared with the MDX4-4210 silicone p<0.05, except in the hardness of the A-2186 and MDX4-4210 groups without pigmentation after 1008 hours p>0.05. All hardness values were between 25 and 35 units, regardless of the silicone type, period, and pigmentation (or no pigmentation). In most situations, the hardness of silicones used increased after 252 hours p<0.05. The nonpigmented MDX4-4210 group and all A-2186 groups showed an increase in tear strength after 252 hours p<0.05. For the nonpigmented MDX4-4210 group, from 252 to 1008 hours, there was no change in tear strength p>0.05. All pigmented MDX4-4210 groups showed no change in tear strength from 0 (initial) to 1008 hours of aging p>0.05. In all A-2186 groups, from 252 to 504 hours, there was a reduction in tear strength p<0.05, and from 504 to 1008 hours, there was an increase in tear strength p<0.05, except in the bronze A-2186 group p>0.05. Conclusion. In most situations, the A-2186 silicone showed significantly higher values of hardness and tear strength than the MDX4-4210 silicone. All hardness values were considered clinically acceptable. Accelerated aging could increase, decrease, or not significantly change the hardness and tear strength of the silicones used. The results of hardness and tear strength suggest that MDX4-4210 was more influenced by the presence of pigmentation after aging.

scholarly journals SURVEY OF LEARNING PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR SPORTS AND HEALTH IN THE COVID19 ERA AT MTS NEGERI 1 BOYOLALI ACADEMIC YEAR 20202021

PHEDHERAL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Aroh Abatin ◽  
Hanik Liskustyawati ◽  
Abdul Aziz Purnomo Shidiq
Keyword(s):  
Student Interest ◽  
Online Teachers ◽  
Process Stage ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
School Year ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Preparation Stage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Academic Year

<p><em>This study aims to determine: (1) the implementation of assessments by teachers of students during the Covid-19 era PJOK learning at MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali in the 2020/2021 school year; (2) constraints faced by teachers in learning PJOK in the Covid-19 Era at MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali in the 2020/2021 school year; (3) the level of student interest in learning in the Covid-19 era PJOK at MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali in the 2020/2021 school year; (4) the obstacles faced by students in learning PJOK in the Covid-19 Era at MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali in the 2020/2021 school year. This research uses qualitative research methods with survey techniques. The research samples were teachers and students of MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali who were domiciled. The subjects of this study included 5 PJOK teachers and 105 students out of 1041 people based on the Stratified Random Sampling. Data collection techniques with questionnaire techniques (questionnaire). The results of this study are as follows: (1) The implementation of an assessment by the teacher of students during the Covid-19 era PJOK learning at MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali, which is carried out well in terms of attitudes, aspects of skills and aspects of knowledge because the teacher has a strategy in implementing the assessment at each aspect as well as the teacher's awareness that these three aspects are equally important in learning PJOK; (2) The constraints faced by the teacher in learning PJOK in the Covid-19 Era at MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali, in the learning preparation stage in the form of difficulties in making various materials and planning learning equipment, for the learning process stage the teacher experienced dissatisfaction and discomfort in delivering learning PJOK online, teachers find it difficult to monitor and provide direction for each participant; (3) The level of interest in students' learning towards Covid-19 Covid-19 PJOK Learning at MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali, from the indicators of happy feelings driven by sincerity and enthusiasm when participating in learning, from indicators of interest driven by the desire to achieve achievement in learning outcomes, awareness of the importance of health, hobbies , and can increase self-confidence, and for indicators of student involvement attentively and material can be accessed before and after learning; (4) The constraints faced by students in learning PJOK in the Covid-19 Era at MTs Negeri 1 Boyolali, in the learning opening process is the difficulty of finding learning resources, when the core process of students is less interacting with teachers and friends, and when learning closes participants students cannot overcome difficulties even though the teacher has provided solutions.</em></p>

Efficacy of an 8-Week Resistance Training Program in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Breanne S. Baker ◽  
Kelsey J. Weitzel ◽  
Lisa A. Royse ◽  
Kristin Miller ◽  
Trent M. Guess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Positive Effects

Older adults are challenged with aging-related declines in skeletal muscle mass and function. Although exercise interventions of longer duration typically yield larger changes, shorter-term interventions may kick-start positive effects, allowing participants to begin engaging in more activity. This study aimed to determine whether 8 weeks of a resistance training program (Stay Strong, Stay Healthy [SSSH]) improved dynamic muscle strength, balance, flexibility, and sleep. Inactive adults aged ≥60 years were randomized into SSSH (n = 15), walking (WALK; n = 17), or control (CON; n = 14) groups. The SSSH and WALK groups met 2 times per week for 60 min. The participants completed pre/post general health, activity, and sleep questionnaires; DXA scans; and functional tasks. One-way repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance was used to determine interactions and decomposed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. SSSH improved sit-to-stand performance, back scratch distance, and sleep quality and reported more auxiliary physical activity than WALK or CON (p < .05). Resistance training interventions in sedentary older adults can improve physical function and encourage additional activity in 8 weeks.

Positive Effects of Promoting Physical Activity and Balanced Diets in a Primary School Setting with a High Proportion of Migrant School Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 (08) ◽  
pp. 554-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Weber ◽  
Olaf Spörkel ◽  
Melina Mertens ◽  
Alem Freese ◽  
Klaus Strassburger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
School Year ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Children with migration background are at particular risk for overweight. We assessed the effects of a primary school-based initiative targeted at enhancing physical activity and dietary education among children with a high proportion of migration background. Methods Four 3rd and 4th grade classes (n=70 children, 77% with migration background) participated in a 10-months intervention comprising 2 additional exercise lessons weekly and 10 nutrition lessons per school year. 6 school classes (n=125 children, 65% with migration background) served as control. Before and after the intervention, an assessment of physical fitness and motor skills and questionnaires on dietary behavior and knowledge were conducted. In a subgroup (n=37), after 6 months of the intervention, daily physical activity was assessed by accelerometer-based monitoring. Differences in changes between the groups were assessed using linear regression analyses. Results Changes between the 2 time points for fitness and motor skill tests (differences in standard deviation scores) were larger in the intervention than in the control group for the total mean test value (β=0.38, p<0.001), driven by higher improvements in 5 of the 8 test items, i.e., obstacle race (speed) (β=0.22, p=0.049), standing long jump (strength) (β=0.35, p<0.001), sit-ups (strength) (β=0.33, p=0.002), stand and reach (mobility) (β=0.22, p=0.042), and 6 min run (endurance) (β=0.40, p<0.001), independently of confounders. Changes in dietary knowledge and consumption frequencies did not differ between groups. Conclusions Promoting guided physical activity in a primary school setting with a high proportion of children with migration background positively affected parameters of fitness and motor skills.

The Home Advantage: Performance Effects in Female Collegiate Division I Gymnastics

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Baghurst ◽  
Inza Fort ◽  
René Cook
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Division I ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Home Advantage ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
At Home

The current study investigated the performance effects of competing at home or away venues in female collegiate Division I gymnastics. Teams (N = 15) selected for analyses were ranked in the top 25 nationally at the end of each regular season during the period of 2003 to 2007 with the exclusion of 2005. Each team’s total scores at all regular season home meets over the four years were compiled and compared to their respective away meet total scores. A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed home scores to be significantly higher than away scores. Additionally, with the introduction of the Judges’ Assignor System (JAS) in 2005, team scores at home and away were compared before and after its introduction. Team scores were significantly higher at home prior to and following the introduction of JAS. However, performance scores were found to be significantly reduced at both home and away with JAS. The results of this study suggest that teams perform significantly better at home than away. In addition, the findings suggest that JAS has significantly reduced gymnastics scores, yet has not significantly altered the effects of competing away from home. Findings are discussed in light of current research and application for coaches and officials is provided.

Effects of a Play Program on Creative Thinking of Preschool Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 608-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maite Garaigordobil ◽  
Laura Berrueco
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Year ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
Play Session ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Behaviors

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a play program in the creative thinking of preschool children. The study used a repeated measures experimental pretest-posttest design with control groups. The sample included 86 participants aged 5 to 6 years (53 experimental and 33 control participants). Before and after administering the program, two evaluation instruments were applied: The Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (Torrance, 1990) and Behaviors and Traits of Creative Personality Scale (Garaigordobil & Berrueco, 2007). The program consisted of a weekly 75-minute play session throughout the school year. ANOVA results showed that the program significantly increased the verbal creativity (fluency, flexibility, originality), graphic creativity (elaboration, fluency, originality), and behaviors and traits of creative personality. In the pretest phase, there were no differences in the creativity of boys and girls, and the program stimulated a similar level of change in both sexes. The discussion focuses on the importance of implementing creative programs with preschool children.

The Effect of Adding a Stone Base on the Accuracy of Working Casts Using Different Types of Dental Stone

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ellakwa ◽  
Khalid Al-Abidi
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Master Model ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aim Gypsum products are used for the preparation of stone casts of oral and maxillofacial structures and as important adjuncts to dental laboratory operations involved in the production of dental prostheses. The aim of this study was to determine the effect on the dimensional accuracy of a working cast of adding a stone base using different stone products. Methods and Materials A total of forty impressions of a mandibular dentoform were made. The impressions were dried with compressed air and stored at room temperature for 24 hours before pouring stone casts. The forty impressions were randomly divided into four groups of ten each. All forty impressions were poured once using one pre-weighed 140 Gm package of Silky Rock (SR) Type IV improved stone (Whip Mix Corporation, Louisville, KY, USA) per impression. All working casts and the die setups were prepared according to the manufacturer's recommendations for pin placement (M.R. Dual pin and sleeve). Four different types of dental stone (II, III, and IV) and Flow Stone (FS) were used as bases for the working models. They were mixed according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The lower posterior teeth were flattened on the dentoform prior to taking the impressions. All were indexed using a mounted abrasive disc. Four teeth were selected as follows: 21, 28, 30, and 18. These represented A, B, C, and D landmarks, respectively. All measurements (five times for each specimen) were made with a Universal measuring microscope (Unitron Instruments, Inc., Bohemia, NY, USA). After the pre-sectioned measurements were recorded, the stone base was poured. A manual hand saw was used to section and fabricate removable dies for the mandibular landmarks A, B, C, and D. The dies were later seated and removed ten times to simulate the average amount of handling during laboratory procedures. Each die was carefully seated and measurements were made using the same technique as for the master model and unsectioned casts. Multivariate repeated measures analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to test the difference in three different landmark distances (AB, AC, and AD) among the master model before and after sectioning of the working dies and among the four different base materials. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for each measurement, AB, AC, and AD to test the difference in landmark distances on the master model at pre sectioning and then at post sectioning using four different base materials. When there was a significant main effect (p < .05), the Student-Newman-Keul's (SNK) were used to test for pair wise comparison of means (P<0.05). Results The results of the MANOVA indicated there was a significant difference in three landmark measurements on the master model before and after sectioning of the working dies for the four different base materials (F=6.60, p=0.0001). In addition there was a significant difference in three landmark measurements on the master model at: (1) pre sectioning (p=0.0001), (2) between the master model and SR material (p=0.0002), (3) between the master model and Laboratory Plaster (LP) material (p=0.0001), (4) between the master model and Quick Stone (QS) material (p=0.0001), and (5) between the master model and FS material (p=0.0001). Citation Al-Abidi K, Ellakwa A. The Effect of Adding a Stone Base on the Accuracy of Working Casts Using Different Types of Dental Stone. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:017-028.

Effects of a 6-Week Straw Phonation in Water Exercise Program on the Aging Voice

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1032
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsin Wu ◽  
Roger W. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Aging Voice ◽  
Before And After

Purpose Semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises with tubes or straws have been widely used for a variety of voice disorders. Yet, the effects of longer periods of SOVT exercises (lasting for weeks) on the aging voice are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of a 6-week straw phonation in water (SPW) exercise program. Method Thirty-seven elderly subjects with self-perceived voice problems were assigned into two groups: (a) SPW exercises with six weekly sessions and home practice (experimental group) and (b) vocal hygiene education (control group). Before and after intervention (2 weeks after the completion of the exercise program), acoustic analysis, auditory–perceptual evaluation, and self-assessment of vocal impairment were conducted. Results Analysis of covariance revealed significant differences between the two groups in smoothed cepstral peak prominence measures, harmonics-to-noise ratio, the auditory–perceptual parameter of breathiness, and Voice Handicap Index-10 scores postintervention. No significant differences between the two groups were found for other measures. Conclusions Our results supported the positive effects of SOVT exercises for the aging voice, with a 6-week SPW exercise program being a clinical option. Future studies should involve long-term follow-up and additional outcome measures to better understand the efficacy of SOVT exercises, particularly SPW exercises, for the aging voice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cerebrovascular hemodynamics in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension using transcranial Doppler

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Allam ◽  
Hatem A. Almasry ◽  
Sandra M. Ahmed ◽  
Youssuf G. Taha ◽  
Mohammed I. Oraby
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disorder of increased intracranial pressure without a clear cause and can have serious visual effects. Previous research work suggests that transcranial Doppler measurements of pulsatility index correlate accurately with elevated intracranial pressure. Objective To assess the cerebrovascular hemodynamic changes in patients with IIH using transcranial Doppler before and after lumbar puncture and CSF withdrawal. Methods An interventional study conducted on 40 patients (31 females and 9 males) fulfilling the modified Dandy criteria for diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, MRI brain, and MRV was done to the patients. Lumbar puncture was done for all included patients to measure intracranial pressure and CSF withdrawal. Transcranial Doppler was performed for all included before and after lumbar puncture and CSF withdrawal and the following parameters were measured: peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), resistivity index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI). Results Significant relation was found between grades of papilledema and PSV, RI, and PI (p value 0.012, 0.025, 0.016) but no significant relation was found between grades of papilledema and EDV (0.102). Significant changes occurred in parameters of TCD pre- and post-CSF withdrawal including PSV, EDV, and PI (p value 0.001, 0.015, 0.019) denoting a significant change in cerebral hemodynamics after CSF withdrawal which denotes a decrease in intracranial pressure. Conclusion Increased intracranial pressure significantly affects cerebral blood flow. A normalization of transcranial Doppler parameters occurs following lowering of intracranial pressure through lumbar puncture and CSF withdrawal.

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