scholarly journals Mortality rate of lip, oral cavity and pharynx malignant tumors in Serbia within a period 1991-2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Milena Ilic ◽  
Svetlana Radevic ◽  
Vladimir Stefanovic ◽  
Tatjana Cirkovic ◽  
Tamara Zurovac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
World Population ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Pharynx Cancer

Background/Aim. Lip, oral cavity and pharynx malignant tumors account for 3.7% of all cancer deaths worldwide, with significant geographic variations in frequency and distribution. The aim of this descriptive epidemiologic study was to analyze the mortality rate of lip, oral cavity and pharynx malignant tumors in Serbia proper within a period 1991-2009. Methods. Mortality rates standardized directly using the world population as the standard were used in data analysis. Linear trend and regression analyses were used to analyze rate trends in mortality. Results. The Serbian population demonstrated an increase in the mortality of lip, oral cavity and pharynx malignant tumors (y = 3.32 + 0.03?; p = 0.002; average annual percent change = + 0.8). The male population showed a significant increase in mortality trend (y = 5.90 + 0.03?; p = 0.020; % change = + 0.9), while the female population did not show a significant increase in mortality. The male/female cancer mortality ratio was 5.5:1. Mortality rates for lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer increased with age in both genders, with rates being the highest in the population aged 85 and older. Increasing trends of lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer mortality were observed in males aged 50-54; the average annual percent change was + 7.4 % (95% CI, 6.2-9.0). The population of both genders aged 55-59 demonstrated an increase in lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer mortality, the increase being + 1.8% (95% CI, 1.4-2.2) in men and + 34.3% (95% CI, 28.4-40.2) in women. Conclusion. The increasing trend in lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer mortality points to the necessity to investigate etiology and improve primary and secondary prevention measures.

scholarly journals Burden of cancer mortality and differences attributable to demographic aging and risk factors in Argentina, 1986-2011

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Alejandra Pou ◽  
Natalia Tumas ◽  
Julia Becaria Coquet ◽  
Camila Niclis ◽  
María Dolores Román ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Crude Mortality Rate ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
Prostate Cancers

Abstract: The world faces an aging population that implies a large number of people affected with chronic diseases. Argentina has reached an advanced stage of demographic transition and presents a comparatively high rate of cancer mortality within Latin America. The objectives of this study were to examine cancer mortality trends in the province of Córdoba, Argentina, between 1986 and 2011, and to analyze the differences attributable to risk variations and demographic changes. Longitudinal series of age-standardized mortality rates for overall, breast and prostate cancers were modeled by Joinpoint regression to estimate the annual percent change. The Bashir & Estève method was used to split crude mortality rate variation into three components: mortality risk, population age structure and population size. A decreasing cancer age-standardized mortality rates trend was observed (1986-2011 annual percent change: -1.4, 95%CI: -1.6, -1.2 in men; -0.8, 95%CI: -1.0, -0.6 in women), with a significant shift in 1996. There were positive crude mortality rate net changes for overall female cancer, breast and prostate cancers, which were primarily attributable to demographic changes. Inversely, overall male cancer crude mortality rate showed a 9.15% decrease, mostly due to mortality risk. Despite favorable age-standardized mortality rates trends, the influence of population aging reinforces the challenge to control cancer in populations with an increasingly aged demographic structure.

scholarly journals Mortality from endometrial cancer in female population of Belgrade

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Vesna Pantovic ◽  
Mirjana Jarebinski ◽  
Tatjana Pekmezovic ◽  
Anita Knezevic ◽  
Darija Kisic
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Decline ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

Data about mortality from malignant tumors of endometrium were analyzed in the Belgrade area during the period 1975-2000. The obtained results showed that the average percentage of endometrial cancer in mortality structure from all the cancers of female population was 2.65%. During the observed 26-years period, malignant tumors of endometrium constituted 17.38% of all the tumors of gynecological localization. The standardized mortality rate in 1975 (population worldwide used as a standard) 7.06/100 000 population while in 2000 it was 1.78/100 000 population, respectively, which showed almost fourfold mortality decline during the observed period (y=4.72-0.16x). A trend of declining risk of dying from endometrial cancer was present in all the age groups. The obtained results indicated that in the observed period the average mortality rates ranged from 0.14/100 000 population in females aged up to 34 years (y=0.30-0.01x), and reached the highest value in females aged 65-74 years (14.57/100 000; y=23.43-0.66x), and 75 years of age and over (19.62/100 000; y=31.17-0.85x).

scholarly journals Oesophageal-cancer-derived death in the population of Belgrade in a period 1989-2006

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 534-538
Author(s):  
Janko Jankovic ◽  
Isidora Ratkov ◽  
Sandra Sipetic ◽  
Jelena Marinkovic ◽  
Jadranka Maksimovic
Keyword(s):  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Oesophageal Carcinoma ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
World Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
The World

Background/Aim. Oesophageal cancer is the sixth most common cause of death from all malignant tumors in the world (fifth in men, eighth in women). This cancer was estimated to account for about 529 000 new cases and about 442 000 deaths in the year 2007. In the year 2002 the highest standardized mortality rates (per 100 000 habitants) of oesophageal carcinoma were noticed in the East Asia (men/women: 18.8/7.7) and East Africa (18.6/7.8), while the lowest were noticed in the Middle Africa (1.4/0.2) and West Africa (1.3/0.5). The aim of this descriptive epidemiologic study was to analyze epidemiologic situation of oesophageal cancer in Belgrade population during the period 1989-2006, using mortality data. Methods. Mortality data were collected from the City Organization for Statistics. In data analysis we used mortality rates which were standardized directly using those of the world population as the standard, and proportions. A denominator for mortality rates was calculated using the Belgrade population which was an average of the two latest register years (1991 and 2002). In order to analyze trend mortality from oesophageal cancer we used linear trend. Results. In Belgrade deaths from oesophageal cancer accounted for about 5.2% of all malignant tumors of intestinal system in male population, and 2.4% in female population. This cancer is, according to standardized mortality rates (per 100 000 habitants), on the fifth place in Belgrade population behind colorectal, stomach, pancreatic, liver and cholecystic cancer. During the period 1989-2006 in Belgrade 44 persons died from oesophageal carcinoma on the average each year, mainly men (75%), and the rest were women (25%). In male population during the same period we noticed a significant increase in trend mortality (y = 1.61 + 0.06x, p = 0.001), while in female population the increase of mortality was not significant. The male/female oesophageal cancer mortality ratio was 3:1. Mortality rates for oesophageal cancer rise with age in both sexes and they are highest in the age group of 70 and more years. Significant increase in mortality from oesophageal cancer was noticed in age groups 20-29 and over 70 in male population, and age group 40-49 in female population. Conclusion. Increasing trend in oesophageal mortality suggests the necessity for improving measures of primary prevention including education about risk factors for this carcinoma (smoking, alcohol consumption, hot food and drinks), early diagnosis, and treatment.

scholarly journals Cancer mortality trends in Brazilian adults aged 80 and over from 2000 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-281
Author(s):  
João Pedro Rufino ◽  
Ana Laura Maciel Monteiro ◽  
Julia Português Almeida ◽  
Karolina Moreira dos Santos ◽  
Mariana da Cruz Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
80 And Over ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Aged 80 And Over ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Over Time

INTRODUCTION: Adults aged 80 and over represent the fastest growing segment of the population in emerging countries. Studies of cancer mortality trends in the oldest old population are scarce in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in cancer mortality in the Brazilian oldest old, by gender and cancer type, from 2000 to 2017. METHODS: This was a descriptive study with a time trend design, based on data from the Mortality Information System (of the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System). The variables analyzed were year of death, sex and cancer site. The five most common types of cancer were identified, and mortality rates and trends were calculated for each one. Trends were determined using joinpoint regression. In all cases where one or more joinpoints were statistically significant, the average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated based on the arithmetic mean of the annual percent change (APC), weighted by the length of each segment. The statistical significance of the APC and AAPC was estimated by calculating 95% confidence intervals (CI) with an alpha level of 0.05. RESULTS: Mortality rates increased over time (AAPC = 1.50; 95%CI, 1.20 – 1.70) in both males (AAPC = 1.90; 95%CI, 1.70 – 2.10) and females (AAPC = 1.30; 95%CI, 1.00 – 1.50). Men had higher mortality rates than women. The most common causes of cancer-related death were prostate cancer (AAPC = 1.70; 95%CI, 1.10 – 2.30) in men, and breast cancer (AAPC = 1.90; 95%CI, 1.50 – 2.20) in women, followed by cancers of the lung and bronchus, stomach and colon. All rates increased over time, except in the case of stomach cancer. CONCLUSION: The study revealed increasing mortality rates for screenable and/or preventable cancers, alerting to the need for preventive measures.

Analysis of Mortality from Carcinomas Primary Localized in Region of Lip, Oral Cavity and Pharynx in Central Serbia, 1999-2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos M. STEPOVIC ◽  
Dalibor STAJIC ◽  
Marija SEKULIC ◽  
Zlata RAJKOVIC ◽  
Nela DJONOVIC
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Background: Lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers have been globally estimated to account for about 3.8% of all cancer cases and 3.6% of cancer deaths. Mortality of these cancers is generally higher in developing than in developed countries. Overall cancer mortality rate in Serbia is one of the highest in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the mortality rate trends and the most common localization of lip, oral and pharyngeal cancers in Serbia. Methods: The study was conducted in 2018 as descriptive epidemiological study and included years from 1999 to 2015. The differences in standardized mortality rates and number of deaths were analyzed with regard to age, gender, and tumor localization. Linear trend and regression were used to determine mortality rate trend. Results: There was statistically significant difference in the number of deaths between men and women in the ages of 40 and over (P < 0.01); male/female cancer mortality ratio was 4.56:1. Generally, the most common localization of this carcinoma was hypopharynx. There was no statistically significant increase of mortality rates from these cancers for both genders (males: y = 4.77 + 0.42x, P = 0.069 % change = +20.35; females: y = 1.03 + 0.01x, P = 0.40 % change = +4) during 17-year period. Conclusion: Promotion of healthy habits, life-styles and regular inspection of mouth by patients and health professionals should be better prioritized especially in developing countries where implementing and improving national health prevention programs are essential.

scholarly journals ESOPHAGEAL CANCER MORTALITY IN BRAZIL: A TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS FROM THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Max Moura de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Igor Pereira Bertoncini SILVA ◽  
Renato TEIXEIRA ◽  
Deborah Carvalho MALTA ◽  
Betine Pinto Moehlecke ISER
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
World Population ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In the world, around 450,000 new cases of esophageal cancer are diagnosed each year. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trend of esophageal cancer mortality rates in Brazil between 1990-2017. METHODS: A time series study using data on mortality from esophageal cancer in residents ≥30 years in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Data was estimated by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and analyzed according to sex, age group and federal unit of Brazil. The standardized rates according to age were calculated by the direct method using the standard GBD world population. Annual average percentage change and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for mortality by Joinpoint regression. RESULTS: The age-standardized mortality rate in males was 20.6 in 1990 and 17.6/100,000 in 2017, increasing according to age, being 62.4 (1990) and 54.7 (2017) for ≥70 years. In women, the age-standardized mortality rate was 5.9 in 1990 and 4.2/100,000 in 2017. There was a reduction in mortality rates in all age groups and both sexes with great variation among the states. CONCLUSION: Despite the high mortality rates for esophageal cancer in Brazil, the trend was decreasing, but with regional differences. Mortality was around four times higher in men.

scholarly journals Comparing Cancer Mortality Estimates in Mexico By Using Two National Death Registries

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 24s-24s
Author(s):  
Susana Lozano-Esparza ◽  
Dalia Stern ◽  
Juan Eugenio Hernandez-Avila ◽  
Evangelina Morales-Carmona ◽  
Rafael Lozano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
World Population ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Mortality Estimates

Abstract 49 Background: Mexico has low cancer mortality compared with other Latin American countries and high-income economies. The National Institute of Geography and Statistics (INEGI) uses an automated coding system that has been adapted from the Centers for Disease Control system to process death certificates. In contrast, the System for Epidemiologic Death Statistics (SEED) relied on a standardized manual process. We hypothesized that the low cancer mortality could be explained by processing procedures. We undertook this work to compare cancer mortality rates from two national death registries that independently code and attribute cause of death from death certificates. Methods: We calculated age-standardized cancer mortality rates for all cancers and specific sites by sex for 2010 to 2014 by using data from INEGI and SEED. We calculated stroke mortality rates for comparison. We obtained age-adjusted mortality rates and 95% CIs by using direct method and World Population Prospects 2010 as a standard. Results: Age-standardized mortality rate per 100,000 women for all cancers was 74.8 (95% CI, 74.0 to 75.6) in INEGI and 74.1 (95% CI, 73.3 to 74.9) in SEED for 2010. In contrast, for men, cancer mortality rate was 69.0 (95% CI, 68.2 to 69.7) in INEGI and 68.4 (95% CI, 67.7 to 69.7) in SEED. We did not observe substantial differences across cancer sites and years; however, when analyzing cases with cancer as a contributing condition, INEGI reported approximately 50% more compared with SEED. In contrast, stroke mortality significantly differed between registries for all years. For women, in 2010, INEGI reported 29.4 (95% CI, 29.0 to 29.9) compared with 26.5 (95% CI, 26.0 to 26.9) in SEED. Corresponding estimates for men were 36.6 (95% CI, 36.0 to 37.1) and 33.0 (95% CI, 32.4 to 33.5), respectively. Conclusion: Cancer mortality estimates were minimally affected by use of distinct processing procedures. Death certification in Mexico should be further evaluated. Funding: AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, and Merck. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Susana Lozano-Esparza No relationship to disclose Dalia Stern No relationship to disclose Juan Eugenio Hernandez-Avila No relationship to disclose Evangelina Morales-Carmona No relationship to disclose Rafael Lozano No relationship to disclose Eduardo Lazcano-Ponce Consulting or Advisory Role: Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Funding: Roche, Roche (Inst), BD, Qiagen (Inst) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: GlaxoSmithKline, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Qiagen Ruy Lopez-Ridaura Research Funding: AstraZeneca Martin Lajous Research Funding: AstraZeneca

scholarly journals A Spatial Analysis of Tuberculosis Related Mortality in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11865
Author(s):  
Dan Kibuuka ◽  
Charles Mpofu ◽  
Penny Neave ◽  
Samuel Manda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Spatial Epidemiology ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cold Spot ◽  
The South ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Death Rates

Background: South Africa, with an estimated annual tuberculosis (TB) incidence of 360,000 cases in 2019, remains one of the countries with the largest burden of TB in the world. The identification of highly burdened TB areas could support public health policy planners to optimally target resources and TB control and prevention interventions. Objective: To investigate the spatial epidemiology and distribution of TB mortality in South Africa in 2010 and its association with area-level poverty and HIV burden. Methods: The study analysed a total of 776,176 TB deaths for the period 2005–2015. Local and global and spatial clustering of TB death rates were investigated by Global and Local Moran’s Indices methods (Moran’s I). The spatial regression analysis was employed to assess the effect of poverty and HIV on TB mortality rates. Results: There was a significant decrease in TB mortality rate, from 179 per 100,000 population in 2005 to 60 per 100,000 population in 2015. The annual TB mortality rate was higher among males (161.5 per 100,000 male population; (95% confidence interval (CI) 132.9, 190.0) than among females (123.2 per 100,000 female population; (95% CI 95.6, 150.8)). The 35–44 age group experienced higher TB mortality rates, regardless of gender and time. Hot spot clusters of TB mortality were found in the South-Eastern parts of the country, whereas cold spot clusters were largely in the north-eastern parts. Tuberculosis death rates were positively associated with poverty, as measured by the South African Multidimension Poverty Index (SAMPI) as well TB death rates in the neighbouring districts. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed a statistically significant decrease in TB deaths and a disproportionate distribution of TB deaths among certain areas and population groups in South Africa. The existence of the identified inequalities in the burden of TB deaths calls for targeted public health interventions, policies, and resources to be directed towards the most vulnerable populations in South Africa.

scholarly journals Ambient air pollution exposure and thyroid cancer incidence in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Dehghani ◽  
Arefe Abedinzade ◽  
Mohebat Vali
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Incidence

Introduction: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignant that is three times more prevalent in women than men. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been indicated to affect Thyroid Hormone (TH) homeostasis. We sought to estimate the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and the incidence of thyroid cancer in the Iranian female population. Materials and methods: We extracted thyroid cancer incidence and ambient air pollution data from Iran from 2000 to 2019 for males and females for all age groups from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) dataset. We entered the data into Joinpoint to present Annual Percent Change (APC) and Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) and its confidence intervals. We entered the information into R3.5.0. Results: Thyroid cancer in females had an upward trend [AAPC=4.9% (4.2-5.6)]. There was a correlation between ambient PM pollution (p≤0.001, r=0.84) and ambient ozone pollution (p≤0.001, r=0.94), and the incidence of thyroid cancer in females. The results of the analysis also showed a significant relationship between thyroid cancer incidence in females and secondhand  smoke (p≤0.001, r=0.74). Conclusion: This study indicated increasing trends in thyroid cancer incidence with exposure to ambient air pollution. Our novel findings provide additional insight into the potential associations between risk factors and thyroid cancer and warrant further investigation, specifically in areas with high levels of air pollution both nationally and internationally. However, causal relationships cannot be fully supported via ecological studies, and this article only focuses on Iran.

scholarly journals On Dynamics of Gender-Specific Mortality Among the Population of the Republic of Belarus in the Second Half of the XX – the Beginning of the XXI Centuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Romanova ◽  
O Krasko
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Female Mortality ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Population Mortality

Aim of the study: to evaluate the dynamics and to make a comparative analysis of male and female mortality among the population of Belarus Republic during 1959 – 2015.Materials and methods. The data on natural population movement in the Republic of Belarus during 1959 – 2015 have been analyzed in the research work. Crude and standardized mortality rates have been calculated using the direct standardization according to the world standard (Standard “World”), approved by WHO. JoinPoint software was used to investigate time trends as well as office suite MSEXCEL 2010.Results of the study. The minimum values of male and female crude and standardized mortality rates were established in 1964. Throughout the study period, the male population mortality rate grew 1.8-fold (based on crude rates – 2.4-fold), the female population mortality rate – 1.6-fold (based on crude rates – 2.2-fold). During 1985 – 2005, the differences in crude mortality rates among men and women grew 1.2-fold, and during 1962 – 2011, the differences in standardized rates increased 1.8-fold. Since 2003, the mortality rate among men and since 1999, the death rate among women has declined with an annual decrease rate to be more than twice as high as compared to an annual mortality increase registered during its growth.Conclusion. Since the 1960s, the changes in population age structure of the male and female population affected the crude mortality rates. The male and female mortality growth is due to an increased unfavorable impact of combined environmental factors. The adaptive capacity of women to sustain environmental changes contributed to their later entry into the period of mortality growth, as compared to men. The mortality rate reduction in men since 2003 and the excess of a decrease over an increase rate is associated with a set of state measures aimed at protecting and strengthening the public health in the republic.

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