scholarly journals Candida albicans infection in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 766-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Cankovic ◽  
Marija Bokor-Bratic
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Cancer Lesion

Bacground/Aim. Systemic candidiasis in intensive care units remains an improtant problem due to antifungal resistance. Patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer are at increased risk of developing oral candidiasis and they more frequent have prior fungi colonization. Due to identification of specific risk factors predisposing to fungal infection in order to threat such patients the aim of this study was to determine the presence of Candida species in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and compare it to the control subjects (patients with benign oral mucosal lesions). Methods. A total number of 30 consecutive oral cancer examined patients were included in this prospective study (24 men and 6 women with a mean age of 61.47 years, range 41-81 years). The control group consisted of 30 consecutive patients with histologically proven benign oral mucosal lesions (16 men and 14 women with a mean age of 54.53 years, range 16- 83 years). The samples for mycological examination were obtained by using sterile cotton swabs from the cancer lesion surface and in the patients of the control group from the benign mucosal lesion surface. Samples were inoculated in Sabouraud' dextrose agar. For identification purposes, Mackenzie germ tube test was performend on all isolates. Results. The prevalence of Candida was significantly higher in oral cancer patients than in control subjects (?2 = 5.455, p = 0.020). Candida was found on nine of the 30 cancer surfaces; 5 (16.7%) were identified as non-albicans Candida and 4 (13.3%) as Candida albicans. In the control group, only Candida albicans was isolated from 2 (6.7%) patients. In this study, no statistically significant differences in the presence of Candida species was found with respect to gender, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, wearing of dental protheses and the site of cancer lesion. Conclusion. The increased prevalence of yeasts on the surfaces of oral carcinoma indicates a need for their suppression before any cancer treatment. There was no evidence for an association between gender, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, wearing of dental protheses, the site of cancer lesion and the yeast presence.

scholarly journals Zymosan Promotes Proliferation, Candida albicans Adhesion and IL-1β Production of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
XU CHEN ◽  
Qingqiong Luo ◽  
Jieying Ding ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Ruiyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Adhesion Assay

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and the effect of zymosan (ZYM), a component of the yeast cell wall, on oral cancer remains unclear. The CCK-8 proliferation assay was performed to evaluate the effect of ZYM on the proliferation of the OSCC cell lines WSU-HN4, WSU-HN6 and CAL27, and the potential mechanism was explored by quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence assay and western blot. A cell adhesion assay was conducted to determine the adhesion of Candida albicans to OSCC cells, and the expression of related genes, including TLR2 , MyD88 , NLRP3 , ASC , Caspase-1 and IL-1β , and proteins, including TLR2, MyD88, NF-κB p65, p-NF-κB p65 and E-cadherin was determined. Additionally, the pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-1β produced by OSCC cells were detected using a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). In the current study, the CCK-8 assay showed that ZYM promoted the proliferation of WSU-HN4, WSU-HN6 and CAL27 cells via the TLR2/MyD88 pathway. The cell adhesion assay showed that the number of C. albicans cells per field significantly increased in ZYM-treated OSCC cells compared to controls. When treated with ZYM, OSCC cells secreted significantly more pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, which could enhance inflammation in oral cancer microenvironment. In conclusion, ZYM from the fungal cell wall promotes the proliferation, C. albicans adhesion and IL-1β production in OSCC, as demonstrated by in vitro experiments.

scholarly journals Zymosan Promotes Proliferation, Candida albicans Adhesion and IL-1β Production of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
XU CHEN ◽  
Qingqiong Luo ◽  
Jieying Ding ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Ruiyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Adhesion Assay

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and the effect of zymosan, a component of yeast cell wall, on oral cancer remains unclear. Cell proliferation assay was performed with CCK-8 to evaluate the effect of zymosan on proliferation of OSCC cell lines including WSU-HN4, WSU-HN6 and CAL-27, and potential mechanism was explored by quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence assay and western blot. Cell adhesion assay was conducted to determine the adhesion of Candida albicans to OSCC cells, and related gene expression and protein was detected. Also, the proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and IL-1β from OSCC cells were determined by ELISA. In current study, zymosan (ZYM) promotes proliferation of OSCC cell lines including WSU-HN4, WSU-HN6 and CAL-27 by CCK-8 assay via TLR2/MyD88 pathway. By cell adhesion assay, the number of Candida albicans per oil field significantly increased in ZYM-treated OSCC cells compared to controls. When treated with zymosan, OSCC cells secreted significantly more pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, which could enhance inflammation in oral cancer microenvironment. Zymosan from fungi cell wall promotes proliferation, Candida albicans adhesion and IL-1β production of oral squamous cell carcinoma by in-vitro experiments.

scholarly journals Diagnosing oral squamous cell carcinoma using salivary biomarkers

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sayedur Rahman Khan ◽  
Fatama Siddika ◽  
Sun Xu ◽  
Xiao Lin Liu ◽  
Mei Shuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Lesion

<p class="Abstract">Oral cancer is becoming frightful public health issue because of its raising incidence as well as mortality rates worldwide. Out of all types of oral cancer, the oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor with an incidence of about 90%. This fatal disease is diagnosed through a comprehensive clinical examination followed by the histological assessments forming the diagnostic gold standard. Although the oral cavity is simply accessible, but maximum oral cancers are usually diagnosed at the late stage. Consequently, it is necessary to implicate newer screening and early diagnosing approaches which will diminish the morbidity as well as mortality related to this disease. Saliva which is a complex biological fluid has a direct relation with the oral cancer lesion and contains abnormal DNA, RNA, protein molecules released by the malignant cells. These can be labelled as neoplastic biomarkers proposed to play an important role in diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic purposes for oral cancers as well as other diseases. The aim of this review paper is to concisely discuss the different types of potential salivary biomarkers as well as their interaction for screening of oral cancers.</p>

scholarly journals Periodontal Pathogens Promote Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Regulating ATR and NLRP3 Inflammasome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufei Yao ◽  
Xin Shen ◽  
Maolin Zhou ◽  
Boyu Tang
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Tumor Tissues

Periodontitis is closely related to oral cancer, but the molecular mechanism of periodontal pathogens involved in the occurrence and development of oral cancer is still inconclusive. Here, we demonstrate that, in vitro, the cell proliferation ability and S phase cells of the periodontitis group (colonized by Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, P+) significantly increased, but the G1 cells were obviously reduced. The animal models with an in situ oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and periodontitis-associated bacteria treatment were constructed, and micro-CT showed that the alveolar bone resorption of mice in the P+ group (75.3 ± 4.0 μm) increased by about 53% compared with that in the control group (48.8 ± 1.3 μm). The tumor mass and tumor growth rate in the P+ group were all higher than those in the blank control group. Hematoxylin–eosin (H&amp;E) staining of isolated tumor tissues showed that large-scale flaky necrosis was found in the tumor tissue of the P+ group, with lots of damaged vascular profile and cell debris. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of isolated tumor tissues showed that the expression of Ki67 and the positive rate of cyclin D1 were significantly higher in tumor tissues of the P+ group. The qRT-PCR results of the expression of inflammatory cytokines in oral cancer showed that periodontitis-associated bacteria significantly upregulated interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-18, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) (up to six times), and caspase-1 (up to four times), but it downregulated nuclear factor (NF)-κB, NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), and IL-1β (less than 0.5 times). In addition, the volume of spleen tissue and the number of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD206+ macrophages in the P+ group increased significantly. IHC and Western blotting in tumor tissues showed that expression levels of γ-H2AX, p-ATR, RPA32, CHK1, and RAD51 were upregulated, and the phosphorylation level of CHK1 (p-chk1) was downregulated. Together, we identify that the periodontitis-related bacteria could promote tumor growth and proliferation, initiate the overexpressed NLRP3, and activate upstream signal molecules of ATR-CHK1. It is expected to develop a new molecular mechanism between periodontitis-related bacteria and OSCC.

scholarly journals Candida albicans Enhances the Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo

mBio ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máté Vadovics ◽  
Jemima Ho ◽  
Nóra Igaz ◽  
Róbert Alföldi ◽  
Dávid Rakk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a serious health issue worldwide that accounts for 2% to 4% of all cancer cases. Previous studies have revealed a higher yeast carriage and diversity in oral cancer patients than in healthy individuals.

Zinc α-2 Glycoprotein (ZAG) a Novel Biomarker for the Detection of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehwish Feroz Ali
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Constant Stimulus ◽  
Dysplastic Lesion ◽  
Cancerous Lesion

Oral cancer, the most challenging and life threatening disease in the field of dentistry, may start as a reactive lesion due to constant stimulus from tobacco consumption, transform into a pre-malignant lesion (dysplastic lesion) and ultimately develop into a cancerous lesion (Invasive carcinoma). There is a fundamental revolution taking place in the analyzing methods; extraction of biological protein from the saliva rather than from tissues or blood. Several of the biomarkers have been studied with pro-carcinogenic effects like Interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and leptin, but only a few have been stated in the literature, which show anti-cancer characteristics like adiponectin and zinc alpha-2 glycoprotein. This review explored the diagnostic and prognostic values of a biomarkers zinc alpha-2 glycoprotein (ZAG) in adults suspected of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar were searched for scientific studies reported on the potential mechanism of zinc alpha-2 glycoprotein. All the research articles were selected in which ZAG is applied solely or in conjunction with other biomarkers in oral cancer and other cancers. These literatures were carefully assessed to find out and compile the diagnostic and prognostic values and to inquire therapeutic action of ZAG in the process of carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals PDIA6 contributes to aerobic glycolysis and cancer progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Mao ◽  
Xiaoweng Wu ◽  
Zhengpeng Gong ◽  
Ming Yu ◽  
Zhi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Background/objective Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that aerobic glycolysis serves as a regulator of tumor cell growth, invasion, and angiogenesis. Herein, we explored the role of protein disulfide isomerase family 6 (PDIA6) in the aerobic glycolysis and the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods The expression pattern of PDIA6 in OSCC tissues was determined by qPCR and western blotting. Lentivirus and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were introduced into cells to upregulate and downregulate PDIA6 expression. CCK-8, flow cytometry, transwell, and xenotransplantation models were applied to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis, respectively. Results A high expression pattern of PDIA6 was observed in OSCC tissues, which was closely associated with lower overall survival and malignant clinical features in OSCC. Compared with the control group, overexpression of PDIA6 induced significant enhancements in cell growth, migration, invasiveness, and tumorigenesis and decreased cell apoptosis, while knockdown of PDIA6 caused opposite results. In addition, overexpression of PDIA6 increased glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP level in OSCC cells. Conclusion This study demonstrated that PDIA6 expression was elevated in OSCC tissues, and overexpression of it promoted aerobic glycolysis and OSCC progression.

scholarly journals Downregulation of ceramide synthase 1 promotes oral cancer through endoplasmic reticulum stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Chen ◽  
Chenzhou Wu ◽  
Yafei Chen ◽  
Yuhao Guo ◽  
Ling Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Ceramide Synthase

AbstractC18 ceramide plays an important role in the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the function of ceramide synthase 1, a key enzyme in C18 ceramide synthesis, in oral squamous cell carcinoma is still unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between ceramide synthase 1 and oral cancer. In this study, we found that the expression of ceramide synthase 1 was downregulated in oral cancer tissues and cell lines. In a mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma model induced by 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide, ceramide synthase 1 knockout was associated with the severity of oral malignant transformation. Immunohistochemical studies showed significant upregulation of PCNA, MMP2, MMP9, and BCL2 expression and downregulation of BAX expression in the pathological hyperplastic area. In addition, ceramide synthase 1 knockdown promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Overexpression of CERS1 obtained the opposite effect. Ceramide synthase 1 knockdown caused endoplasmic reticulum stress and induced the VEGFA upregulation. Activating transcription factor 4 is responsible for ceramide synthase 1 knockdown caused VEGFA transcriptional upregulation. In addition, mild endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by ceramide synthase 1 knockdown could induce cisplatin resistance. Taken together, our study suggests that ceramide synthase 1 is downregulated in oral cancer and promotes the aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma and chemotherapeutic drug resistance.

scholarly journals Insight into metastatic oral cancer tissue from novel analyses using FTIR spectroscopy and aperture IR-SNOM

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnaby Ellis ◽  
Conor A Whitley ◽  
Safaa Al Jedani ◽  
Caroline Smith ◽  
Philip Gunning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Nodal Metastases ◽  
Insight Into

A novel machine learning algorithm is shown to accurately discriminate between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) nodal metastases and surrounding lymphoid tissue on the basis of a single metric, the...

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