scholarly journals Aflatoxin B1-induced changes of glutathione-S-transferase activity in the plasma and liver of the rat

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Strelic ◽  
Zorica Saicic ◽  
Zvonko Magic ◽  
Mihajlo Spasic ◽  
Natasa Trutic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Gst Activity

Background. The influence of low doses of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and partial hepatectomy (PH) on glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was studied in the plasma and liver of the rat. Methods. The animals were divided into four groups. The first (I) and the second (II) group were treated with AFB1 freshly dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), and administered as a single intraperitoneal dose of 50 mg/rat 24 hrs after the rats had undergone either sham operation or, 40% PH, respectively. The third group (III) of animals was treated with a total dose of 1 mg AFB1 - 5 days per week during a period of 8 weeks. The non-treated animals were used as controls (C). Results. We observed a significant increase of GST activity in the plasma of all experimental groups compared to the controls (C), (p<0.02 to p<0.005). In the liver, the GST activity of all experimental groups was also significantly increased, compared to the controls (from p<0.02 to p<0.005). Conclusion. The administration of both single and multiple doses of AFB1 led to long term increase of GST activity in the rat plasma and liver, and partial hepatectomy had no significant effect on this phenomenon.

Chemoprotective Effects of Propolis on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Oxidative Damage and Hepatotoxicity by Modulating TP53, Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Seval Yilmaz ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Kandemir ◽  
Emre Kaya ◽  
Mustafa Ozkaraca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Cat Gene ◽  
Gst Activity

Objective: This study aimed to detect hepatic oxidative damage caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), as well as to examine how propolis protects against hepatotoxic effects of AFB1. Method: Rats were split into four groups as control group, AFB1 group, propolis group, AFB1+ propolis group. Results: There was significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and tumor suppressor protein (TP53) gene expression, Glutathione (GSH) level, Catalase (CAT) activity, CAT gene expression decreased in AFB1 group in blood. MDA level and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activity, GST and TP53 gene expressions increased in AFB1 group, whereas GSH level and CAT activity alongside CAT gene expression decreased in liver. AFB1+propolis group showed significant decrease in MDA level, GST activity, TP53 and GST gene expressions, GSH level and CAT activity and CAT gene expression increased in liver compared to AFB1 group. Conclusion: These results suggest that propolis may potentially be natural agent that prevents AFB1- induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity.

Changes in hepatic cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity and expression of its class-P during prenatal and postnatal period in rats treated with aflatoxin B1

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 572-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faezeh Fatemi ◽  
Abdolamir Allameh ◽  
Abolfazl Dadkhah ◽  
Mehdi Forouzandeh ◽  
Somayeh Kazemnejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Cytosolic Glutathione

Effects of Inducers of Drug Metabolism on Cytosolic Glutathione S-transferase Activity in Rat Hepatoma-derived Fa32 Cells

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Paul J. Dierickx
Keyword(s):  
Drug Metabolism ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Complete Medium ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Rat Hepatoma ◽  
Gst Activity

Established Fa32 cells, derived from a rat hepatoma, were investigated for their glutathione S-transferase (GST) induction capacity, which is an important characteristic of the detoxification capacity in normal liver. The cells were exposed to inducers of drug metabolism for 3 days in complete medium (containing 10% fetal calf serum). Neither dimethyl sulphoxide nor dimethyl formamide could be used as a vehicle to transport the inducers into the cells, because they also interacted with GST. Phenobarbital, butylated hydroxyanisole, allyl isothio-cyanate and dimethyl fumarate (but not fumaric acid) all effectively increased the total specific GST activity. None of the test chemicals produced a very pronounced induction of specific GST subunits, but subunit 2 and subunit 8 were increased more than the others. The effects of inducers of drug metabolism on the GST activity in Fa32 cells are comparable with those in rat liver. These cells can therefore be used as a valuable alternative model for GST-dependent metabolic interactions in rat liver.

Effect of Temperature and Safeners on Glutathione Levels and Glutathione S-Transferase Activity in Maize

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 856-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Kunkel ◽  
John C. Steffens ◽  
Robin R. Bellinder
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Gst Activity

Abstract Studies were conducted to determine the biochemical aspects of chloroacetamide injury to maize and the mechanism by which safeners maintain herbicide tolerance, even at reduced temperatures. The objectives of these studies were threefold: one, determine whether gluta­thione (GSH) content varies in maize plants grown at three different temperatures in safener-treated and non-treated plants; two, determine whether glutathione S-transferase (GST) activ­ity varies in plants grown at different temperatures; and three, determine if GSH activity is sensitive to low temperatures in vitro. The herbicide safeners CGA -154281 [4-(dichloroacetyl)-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2 H-1 ,4-benzoxazine] and dichlormid [2,2-dichloro-N,N-di-2-propenylacetamide] were used with metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-n-(2-methoxy-1-methyl)acetamide] or acetochlor [2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-acetamide], respectively, to determine the mechanisms of maize tolerance. CGA -154281 signifi­cantly increased GSH levels in maize seedlings grown at 27 °C compared to non-safened seed­lings, however significant differences were not seen at 17 or 37 °C. Dichlormid increased GSH levels by 1.6-fold at all growth temperatures. Both CGA -154281 and dichlormid increased GST activity significantly at all growth temperatures. The safener-induced GST activity was main­tained at in vitro incubation temperatures of 5 and 15 °C for acetochlor and metolachlor, re­spectively. In contrast, GST activity from non-safened tissue was essentially absent at these temperatures. Therefore, greater GST activity following safener treatment may result in higher levels of herbicide metabolism, even at low temperatures.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective potential of Trigonella foenum graecum in deltamethrin induced albino rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (04) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Uma Nath Tripathi ◽  
Deepak Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Group I

Objective: Aim of investigation focuses attention on hepatoprotective and antioxidative effect of aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum graecum (TFG) in hepatic tissue of deltamethrin fed rats. Methods: In a 45 days treatment, rats were divided into six groups (IVI) of six animals in each, experiments were repeated thrice. Group I served as control rats; Group II received TFG dose 1 (9 g seed powder/kg b. wt./day); Group III received TFG dose 2 (45 g seed powder/kg b. wt./day); Group IV received deltamethrin; Group V received both deltamethrin and TFG (9 g seed powder/kg b. wt./day) and Group VI received both deltamethrin and TFG (9 g seed powder/kg b. wt./day). Results: In the present study, higher dose of TGF did not affect the levels of hepatic marker enzymes, which suggests that this dose had no toxic effect on normal rats. Significant increases in the serum levels of hepatic markers enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP) were observed in deltamethrin treated rats. Furthermore, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were decreased in hepatic tissue of deltamethrin treated rats. Additionally, serum cholesterol and hepatic lipid peroxidation were significantly enhanced. Co-administration of TFG and vitamin C to the group V and VI restored all the parameters cited above to near-normal values. Conclusion: The result obtained from present study revealed that TFG appeared to be a promising agent for protection against deltamethrin induced hepatotoxicity.

Tissue Distribution and Properties of Glutathione S-transferases in Micromelalopha troglodyta (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Tang ◽  
Xiu-Bo Zhang ◽  
Yu-Sheng Liu ◽  
Xi-Wu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases ◽  
Gst Activity ◽  
Different Tissues

The small prominent, Micromelalopha troglodyta (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae), is an important pest of poplar in China. Glutathione S-transferases are known to be responsible for adaptation mechanisms of M. troglodyta. Thus, the tissue distribution and kinetic constants of glutathione S-transferase activity in the small prominent were studied. Significant differences in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and distribution percentages of GST activity and kinetic characteristics were observed among 4 tissues (head, midgut, fat body and integument). Furthermore, the inhibition of glutathione S-transferase activity in 4 tissues by 21 inhibitors was conducted. The results showed the inhibition of GST activity of different tissues by 21 inhibitors is different. For GST activity in heads, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, lambda-cyhalothrin, fipronil and quercetin were the best inhibitors tested. Tannic acid was the most potent inhibitor of midgut GST activity. In the fat body, GST activity was inhibited most by tannic acid, chlorpyrifos and profenofos. The inhibitory effect of profenofos and phoxim was highest for GST activity in the integument. Our results showed that glutathione S-transferases in different tissues are qualitatively different in isozyme composition and thus different in sensitivity to inhibitors.

Two apical multidrug transporters, P-gp and MRP2, are differently altered in chronic renal failure

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (4) ◽  
pp. F636-F645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Laouari ◽  
Ruchun Yang ◽  
Celine Veau ◽  
Isabelle Blanke ◽  
Gérard Friedlander
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Glycoprotein P ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gst Activity

Tubular function is altered in chronic renal failure (CRF). Whether drug secretion by renal tubules is modified in CRF is questioned because of frequent accumulation of various toxins in CRF. This function mainly involves ATP-dependent drug transporters, particularly P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 2, both present in apical membrane of epithelial cells. The present study was aimed at determining the changes in P-gp and MRP2 expression induced by experimental CRF in kidney and liver. The relationship between MRP2 and glutathione metabolism changes was examined because MRP2 transports GSSG and glutathione conjugates. Rats underwent either 80% subtotal nephrectomy (Nx) or sham operation, and determinations were performed 3 and 6 wk later. CRF induced a 70–200% rise in protein and mRNA expression of MRP2 after 3 and 6 wk post-Nx in remnant kidney and after 6 wk in liver. However, P-gp expression was unchanged by CRF. Relative to whole kidney mass, total MRP2 levels decreased by only 27% in Nx rats whereas total P-gp levels were reduced by 60%. Renal GSSG and total glutathione levels were increased by 30% in Nx rats, but glutathione- S-transferase (GST) activity was normal; liver GSSG levels and GST activity were reduced in Nx rats. In conclusion, CRF resulted in specific overexpression of MRP2 in kidney and liver. This could be an adaptative response to some elevated circulating toxins. The later MRP2 induction and different glutathione changes in liver compared with kidney suggest different mechanisms for MRP2 induction and/or action in these two tissues.

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