scholarly journals Entomological and ecological index for risk of infection causing lyme disease in territory of Vojvodina, Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Potkonjak ◽  
Aleksandar Jurisic ◽  
Aleksandra Petrovic ◽  
Slobodan Nicin ◽  
Dragana Rajkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Tick Population ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Ecological Index

In Europe, of all the vector transmitted diseases, the occurrence of lyme disease is the one most often registered, and the most significant vector Borrelia burgdorferi is the tick Ixodes ricinus. Both humans and animals contract lyme disease. The risk of the occurrence of lyme disease is in correlation with potential exposure to tick bites and depends on the density of the tick population in the endemic area, the percentage of ticks infected with the cause of lyme disease, the duration and the nature of the activity of the susceptible population in a certain area. The objective of these investigations was to determine the entomological and the ecological risk index, as well as to assess the risk of transmission of the cause of lyme disease in the territory of Vojvodina Province in the Republic of Serbia. Ticks were collected at 12 locations in the South Backa District of Vojvodina. A total of 1400 ticks were identified up to the level of species. After establishing the infection of ticks with the cause of lyme disease, the entomological and the ecological index was determined for the given regions using microscopic examination in a dark field. Two species of ticks aere identified in this geographic region (Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor marginatus). Examining I. ricinus, the prevalence of infection B. burgdorferi was established, ranging up to 33.1%. The ecological risk index indicates that there is a potential risk of humans and animals becoming infected at 8 localities. It was determined for 3 localities that there is a definite actual risk of the transferrence of causes of lyme disease.

scholarly journals Assessment of Lyme disease risk by using the ecological risk index in the parks of Belgrade

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Krstic ◽  
Novica Stajkovic ◽  
Dubravko Bokonjic ◽  
Srdjan Lazic
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Tick Bites ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Actual Risk

Background/Aim. Factors determining the risk of Lyme disease (LD) may be followed in terms of the type of habitat. The evaluation of the risk of Borrelia burgdorferi (B. burgdorferi) transmission in humans on Ixodes ricinus (I. ricinus) tick habitats is done by means of the ecological risk index, which determines the tick habitat, abundance and infection rate. The aim of this paper was to determine the value of ecological risk index (potential and actual risk ? PR and AR) on green areas in 9 p?rks in Belgrade and establish the correlation of this index with tick bites in humans. Methods. Ticks were collected in parks by means of the flag hour method and examined for the presence of LD cause in dark-field microscopic analysis. Point values were assigned to certain parameters and potential and actual risk index evaluated for each habitat. The data on tick bites from the surveyed habitats were obtained from the Protocol of patients bitten by ticks of the Sector for Preventive Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology, Military Medical Academy in Belgrade. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey test and Pearson ?s coefficient were used in statistical analysis of data. Results. In Belgrade?s park habitats a high PR of B. burgdorferi transmission was determined, while AR for 4 habitats was categorised as PR, and limited for other 5 habitats. Statistically, in terms of AR values the following habitats were significantly different (p < 0.05): H?jd P?rk and T?sm?jd?n; H?jd P?rk and K?lemegd?n; H?jd P?rk and Pionirski P?rk; H?jd P?rk and B?novo Brdo; Topcider and T?sm?jd?n; Topcider and K?lemegd?n; Topcider and Pionirski P?rk; Topcider and B?novo Brdo Park. A statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05) between bites of adults and the number of bites of infected adults with the AR value was established. Conclusion. In parks of Belgrade, there is a limited AR of B. burgdorferi transmission on the average. The AR values vary from limited to the potential, depending on the ecological features of habitat, the number of collected ticks and their infection rate. In view of the correlation of AR with the bites in humans, this index is significant for assessing LD risk.

scholarly journals Bioecological and statistical risk assessment of toxic metals in sediments of a worldwide important wetland: Gala Lake National Park (Turkey)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Tokatli
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
National Park ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Biological Risk

Abstract Gala Lake National Park that has an international importance is one of the most important wetland ecosystems for Turkey. As same as many aquatic habitats, Gala Lake is under a significant anthropogenic pressure originated from agricultural activities conducted around the lake and from industrial discharges by means of Ergene River. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sediment quality of Gala Lake and Irrigation Canal by investigating some toxic element accumulations (As, B, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu) from a statistical perspective. Pearson Correlation Index (PCI) and Factor Analysis (FA) were applied to detected data in order to determine the associated contaminants and effective factors on the system. Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) and Biological Risk Index based sediment quality guidelines (mERM-Q) applied to detected data in order to assess the ecological and biological risks of heavy metals in the ecosystem. Also Geographic Information System (GIS) technology was used to make visual explanations by presenting distribution maps of investigated elements. According to the results of PCI, significant positive correlations were recorded among the investigated toxic elements at 0.01 significance level. According to the results of FA, two factors, which were named as “Agricultural Factor” and “Industrial Factor”, explained 86.6% of the total variance. According to the results of Potential Ecological Risk Index, cadmium was found to be the highest risk factor and according to results of Biological Risk Index, nickel and chromium were found to be the highest risk factors for Gala Lake and Irrigation Canal. As a result of the present study, it was also determined that heavy metal contents in sediments of Gala Lake National Park reached to critical levels and the system is intensively under effect of agricultural and industrial originated pollution.

scholarly journals Risk for infection by Lyme disease cause in green surfaces maintenance workers in Belgrade

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Krstic ◽  
Novica Stajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tick Infection ◽  
Dark Field Microscopy ◽  
Tick Infection Rate

Background/Aim. Lyme disease (LD) is a cosmopolitan disease from the group of zoonoses that in humans can affect skins, joints, heart and/or nervous system. Research conducted in endemic areas, shows not only that the population, which lives or works in tick habitats, is in a high risk for getting infected by LD cause, but also that every enviroment itself is specific in regard to both vectors and B. burgdorferi species. In our enviroment, research of seropositivity to B. burgdorferi in persons exposed to vectors of LD have not been conducted. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was a higher risk for getting B. burgdorferi infection in the fieldworks of JKP "Zelenilo Beograd" than in other persons. Methods. Risk for getting LD in the fieldworkers of JKP "Zelenilo Beograd" (park-maintanance company) was determined according to seropositivity, the number and infection rate of LD vectors, and entomological risk index (ERI) value. Serum samples of 34 fieldworkers of JKP "Zelenilo Beograd", and 35 persons of the control group, were tested for the presence of specific IgM and IgG anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies by using ELISA test. In the research localities, the number of ticks was estimated by using the flag hours method, and tick infection rate was determined by dark field microscopy, with magnification rate of 400?. The data were analyzed statistically using ?2 test, and Pearson's correlation analysis. Results. Out of 34 fieldworkes serum samples, 8 (23.5%) were positive on anti-B. burgdorferi antibody presence, while in the control group only one (2.9%) sample was positive (p < 0,05). Seropositivity rate varied from 0-66.6% among localities. Flag hours value among the localities ranged from 8.2-29.9, and tick infection rate ranged from 10.8- 22.3%. ERI value was 0.03-0.15. Correlation between flag hour rate and seropositivity, tick infection rate and seropositivity, and also ERI and seropositivity was established. Conclusion. Frequency of B. burgdorferi seropositivity was significantly higher in green-surface maintenance workers, than in the control group not exposed to these habitats. A significant correlation was found between anti-B. burgdorferi antibodies findings and the number of ticks, tick infection rate, and ERI. The results obtained in our study indicate that there was a significantly higher risk for getting LD cause in the fieldworkers than in the control group. .

scholarly journals Comparison of the Ecological Risk Index of Heavy Metals in the North of Persian Gulf: Hormozgan and Bushehr Provinces

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Mehri Rezaei ◽  
Ali Mehdinia ◽  
Abolfazl Saleh ◽  
Soroush Modabberi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
The North

Distribution and Contamination Acessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Harbin Section of Songhua River, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2280-2284
Author(s):  
Kai Yue Gong ◽  
Pei Shi Qi ◽  
Yun Zhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Accumulation Index

In this study, the distribution and enrichment characters of heavy metals were explored. And the potential ecological risk levels of heavy metals were evaluated by geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method. The concentrations of heavy metals in sediments of Harbin section of Songhua River are: Zn>Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni>Cd. The enrichment degree of Zn is the highest, while Cd is the lowest. The potential ecological risk indexes of heavy metals in the sediments of section of Songhua River in Harbin are: Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr. The main heavy metals pollution is Cd, which has low content but considerable potential ecological risk and contributes most to RI. The ecological risk level of heavy metals in the sediments of the section of Songhua River in Harbin is moderate.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Pollution from Mineral Processing Steps at Xikuangshan Antimony Plant, Hunan, China

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Saijun Zhou ◽  
Renjian Deng ◽  
Andrew Hursthouse
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Dust Generation

We evaluated the direct release to the environment of a number of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from various processing nodes at Xikuangshan Antimony Mine in Hunan Province, China. Sampling wastewater, processing dust, and solid waste and characterizing PTE content (major elements Sb, As, Zn, and associated Hg, Pb, and Cd) from processing activities, we extrapolated findings to assess wider environmental significance using the pollution index and the potential ecological risk index. The Sb, As, and Zn in wastewater from the antimony benefication industry and a wider group of PTEs in the fine ore bin were significantly higher than their reference values. The content of Sb, As, and Zn in tailings were relatively high, with the average value being 2674, 1040, and 590 mg·kg−1, respectively. The content of PTEs in the surface soils surrounding the tailings was similar to that in tailings, and much higher than the background values. The results of the pollution index evaluation of the degree of pollution by PTEs showed that while dominated by Sb, some variation in order of significance was seen namely for: (1) The ore processing wastewater Sb > Pb > As > Zn > Hg > Cd, (2) in dust Sb > As > Cd > Pb > Hg > Zn, and (3) surface soil (near tailings) Sb > Hg > Cd > As > Zn > Pb. From the assessment of the potential ecological risk index, the levels were most significant at the three dust generation nodes and in the soil surrounding the tailings reservoir.

Heavy metals (lead, cadmium and zinc) from street dust in Monterrey, Mexico: ecological risk index

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 3231-3240 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Castillo-Nava ◽  
M. Elias-Santos ◽  
U. J. López-Chuken ◽  
A. Valdés-González ◽  
L. G. de la Riva-Solís ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Street Dust ◽  
Ecological Risk Index
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document