scholarly journals Thermal analysis of different Refuse Derived Fuels (RDFs) samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 249-249
Author(s):  
Gizem Ayas ◽  
Hakan Öztop
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuels

As a result of the activities carried out by people to maintain their daily lives in different places such as homes, hospitals, hotels or workplaces, waste consisting of furniture, paint, batteries, food waste, sachets, bottles, fabrics, and fibers with the heterogeneous structure is called Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Secondary fuels with higher heating value, which are generated by recycling of non-recyclable and reusable wastes in municipal solid wastes, are called as Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). In this study, Refuse Derived Fuel1 (RDF1 : taken in December, winter season) and Refuse Derived Fuel2 (RDF2 : taken in June, summer season) samples obtained from different dates were used. The ultimate, proximate, calorific value, X-Ray fluorescence (XRF), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were performed for these samples. Combustion characterization from Refuse Derived Fuel samples was investigated in the applied analyzes. The results of the content analysis made were examined separately and compared with the Thermogravimetric analysis and Differential Thermal Analysis combustion graph curves. It was revealed that the Refuse Derived Fuel1 sample had a better combustion compared to the Refuse Derived Fuel2 sample, as the ash amount and content obtained as a result of the combustion also supported other data. In addition, the results of the analysis show how different the Refuse Derived Fuel samples taken from the same region in two different months are different from each other.

Synergistic Investigation for Co-Combustion of Biochars and Lignite—Thermogravimetric Analysis Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Haykiri-Acma ◽  
S. Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Heterogeneous Reactions ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Burning Behavior

Abstract This paper addresses whether synergistic interaction or additive behavior govern the co-combustion characteristics of lignite and biochars produced from hybrid poplar (HP), ash tree (AT), and rhododendron (RH). The biochars were blended with lignite and the burning behavior was investigated by thermal analysis. Upon carbonization, fundamental change occurred in the burning mechanisms of biomass from homogeneous to heterogeneous reactions. Blending the lignite with biochars led to improvement in the calorific value and reductions in the ash yield. Carbonization limited the high reactivity of biomass, and the reactivities of biochars became closer to the lignite's reactivity, consequently they burned in accord without segregation.

Effect of Meta- and Para-Substitution of the Aromatic Diamines on the Properties of Poly(Amidoimidourethane)

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Kobykhno ◽  
Oleg Tolochko ◽  
Ekaterina Vasilyeva ◽  
Andrei Didenko ◽  
Danila Kuznetcov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Polymer Structure ◽  
Multiblock Copolymers ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Aromatic Diamines

The paper experimentally studies the effect of meta and para- substitution of the amino groups in the diamine used in the synthesis of multiblock copolymers. The way for synthesis of new multiblock copolymers with the possibility of replacing the diamine in the polymer structure was shown. Thermal and mechanical properties of synthesized copolymers had been characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and by nanoindentation and tensile test.

Microwave plasma assisted pyrolysis of refuse derived fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parin Khongkrapan ◽  
Patipat Thanompongchart ◽  
Nakorn Tippayawong ◽  
Tanongkiat Kiatsiriroat
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Combustible Gas ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuels

AbstractThis work combined plasma reactivity and pyrolysis for conversion of solid wastes. Decomposition of refuse derived fuel (RDF) and its combustible components (paper, biomass, and plastic) in an 800 W microwave plasma reactor was investigated at varying argon flow rates of 0.50 to 1.25 lpm for 3 minutes. The characteristic bright light emission of plasma was observed with calculated maximum power density of about 35 W/cm3. The RDF and its components were successfully converted into char and combustible gas. The average char yield was found to be 12–21% of the original mass, with a gross calorific value of around 39 MJ/kg. The yield of the product gas was in the range 1.0–1.7 m3/kg. The combustible gas generated from the pyrolysis of the RDF contained about 14% H2, 66% CO, and 4% CH4 of the detected gas mass, with a heating value of 11 MJ/m3. These products are potentially marketable forms of clean energy.

scholarly journals Development of Low-Viscosity and High-Performance Biobased Monobenzoxazine from Tyrosol and Furfurylamine

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Zhibin Wen ◽  
Leïla Bonnaud ◽  
Rosica Mincheva ◽  
Philippe Dubois ◽  
Jean-Marie Raquez
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thermomechanical Behavior ◽  
Reduction Temperature ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Rheological Measurements ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Solventless Synthesis

This work details the scalable and solventless synthesis of a potential fully biobased monobenzoxazine resin derived from tyrosol and furfurylamine. The structure of the monomer was studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The curing of the precursors was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheological measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The properties of the resulting biobased polybenzoxazine were then determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA). A thermally stable resin was obtained with 5% and 10% weight-reduction-temperature (Td5 and Td10) values of 349 and 395 °C, respectively, and a char yield of 53%. Moreover, the low melting temperature, low viscosity, and excellent thermomechanical behavior make this fully biobased resin a promising candidate for coating applications.

scholarly journals Novel Bio-Based Epoxy Thermosets Based on Triglycidyl Phloroglucinol Prepared by Thiol-Epoxy Reaction

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dailyn Guzmán ◽  
David Santiago ◽  
Àngels Serra ◽  
Francesc Ferrando
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
High Transparency ◽  
Epoxy Curing ◽  
Curing Agents

The pure trifunctional glycidyl monomer from phloroglucinol (3EPO-Ph) was synthesized and used as feedstock in the preparation of novel bio-based thermosets by thiol-epoxy curing. The monomer was crosslinked with different commercially available thiols: tetrafunctional thiol (PETMP), trifunctional thiol (TTMP) and an aromatic dithiol (TBBT) as curing agents in the presence of a base. As catalyst, two different commercial catalysts: LC-80 and 4-(N,N-dimethylamino) pyridine (DMAP) and a synthetic catalyst, imidazolium tetraphenylborate (base generator, BG) were employed. The curing of the reactive mixtures was studied by using DSC and the obtained materials by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The results revealed that only the formulations catalyzed by BG showed a latent character. Already prepared thermosetting materials showed excellent thermal, thermomechanical and mechanical properties, with a high transparency. In addition to that, when compared with the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/PETMP material, the thermosets prepared from the triglycidyl derivative of phloroglucinol have better final characteristics and therefore this derivative can be considered as a partial or total renewable substitute of DGEBA in technological applications.

scholarly journals Carbonized Solid Fuel Production from Polylactic Acid and Paper Waste Due to Torrefaction

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7051
Author(s):  
Kacper Świechowski ◽  
Christian Zafiu ◽  
Andrzej Białowiec
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Csf Production

The quantity of biodegradable plastics is increasing steadily and taking a larger share in the residual waste stream. As the calorific value of biodegradable plastic is almost two-fold lower than that of conventional ones, its increasing quantity decreases the overall calorific value of municipal solid waste and refuse-derived fuel which is used as feedstock for cement and incineration plants. For that reason, in this work, the torrefaction of biodegradable waste, polylactic acid (PLA), and paper was performed for carbonized solid fuel (CSF) production. In this work, we determined the process yields, fuel properties, process kinetics, theoretical energy, and mass balance. We show that the calorific value of PLA cannot be improved by torrefaction, and that the process cannot be self-sufficient, while the calorific value of paper can be improved up to 10% by the same process. Moreover, the thermogravimetric analysis revealed that PLA decomposes in one stage at ~290–400 °C with a maximum peak at 367 °C, following a 0.42 reaction order with the activation energy of 160.05 kJ·(mol·K)−1.

scholarly journals Thermal analysis of N-carbamoyl benzotriazole derivatives

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Ivan Kos ◽  
Tin Weitner ◽  
Sandra Flinčec Grgac ◽  
Jasna Jablan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Decomposition Products ◽  
Structural Analogues ◽  
Benzotriazole Derivatives

Abstract Thermal properties of N-carbamoyl benzotriazole derivatives and N,N’,N’’-tribenzyloxyisocyanuric acid were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The results revealed a difference between structural analogs of N-carbamoyl benzotriazole derivatives. They seem to be in agreement with the previously proposed formation of N,N’,N’’-tribenzyloxyisocyanuric acid from 1-(N-benzyloxycarbamoyl) benzotriazole, via an intermediary N-benzyloxyisocyanate acid, during heating. Substantially different thermal properties were observed for structural analogues, 1-(N-methoxycarbamoyl) benzotriazole and 1-(N-ethoxycarbamoyl) benzotriazole. In contrast to N-benzyloxyisocyanate, no corresponding reactions were observed for their decomposition products, i.e., methoxyisocyanate and ethoxyisocyanate.

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