scholarly journals Analysis of the performance of a low-power atmospheric burner for gas appliances for households and their impact on the emission and stability of the burner

2020 ◽  
pp. 302-302
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Milivojevic ◽  
Miroljub Adzic ◽  
Milan Gojak ◽  
Mirjana Stamenic ◽  
Vuk Adzic
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Numerical Research ◽  
Gas Burner ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
Numerical Variation ◽  
Independent Parameters

The paper presents results of theoretical numerical research dealing with CO and NOX emission performed in the process of optimization of the performance of low-power atmospheric burners. The theoretical part of this paper, whose main goals were better understanding of the complex issues of methodology and establishment of performance prediction and optimization of low-power atmospheric gas burner included numerical variation of independent parameters, such as burner geometry, the coefficients of primary and secondary air and different gaseous fuels including biogas. The findings of theoretically obtained performance prediction and optimization of atmospheric burners were experimentally investigated in purpose built test rigs for a number of variable parameters. The obtained results fully justified the proposed models of performance prediction and burner optimization.

A Study on Reducing the NOx Emission of the L21/31 Medium-Speed Marine Diesel Engine for IMO Tier Emission Legislation

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1920-1924
Author(s):  
Min Xiao ◽  
Hui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Marine Diesel Engine ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Marine Diesel

The KIVA-3V program was used to make numerical simulation for L21/31 type of medium-speed marine diesel engine about the NOx emissions and the affection of NOx changing process on different variable parameters under the Tier Ⅱstandard. On this basis, a discussion towards the NOx emission of the model fueling with dimethyl ether (DME) to meet the Tier Ⅲ standard is offered. The results show that reducing the intake temperature, load and speed, postponing the fuel injection timing and intake lag angle properly can decrease the NOx emissions within the limits of NOx in TierⅡ standard. Comparing the results of the numerical simulation of DME and diesel fuel, the NOx emission of the former one is 60.85% of the latter one, and the NOx emission of changing variable parameters on DME engine is 35.56% of the original type of diesel engine, very close to the Tier Ⅲ.

A Gas-Turbine with Approximate General Carnot Cycle and Its Performance Prediction

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 1134-1141
Author(s):  
Zhong Li ◽  
Da Long Zhang ◽  
Jian Feng Li ◽  
Ding Hua Yang ◽  
Wen Jun Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Mathematics Model ◽  
Carnot Cycle ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Heat Efficiency ◽  
Air Compression ◽  
Steam Cycle

Based on polytrophic process of air compression and gas combustion inside the turbine isothermally, an approximate gas-turbine with General Carnot cycle and relevant implementing schemes are suggested. Its performance was predicted with mathematics model compared with traditional one. The results show that the heat efficiency of the suggested gas turbine is higher than the traditional one. The suggested cycle combines the gas cycle and steam cycle, of which the NOx emission can be easily decreased

NOx Behavior for Lean-Premixed Combustion of Alternative Gaseous Fuels

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Boyd Fackler ◽  
Megan Karalus ◽  
Igor Novosselov ◽  
John Kramlich ◽  
Philip Malte
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Premixed Combustion ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Fuel Composition ◽  
Lean Premixed Combustion ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Lean Premixed

Gaseous fuels other than pipeline natural gas are of interest in high-intensity premixed combustors (e.g., lean-premixed gas turbine combustors) as a means of broadening the range of potential fuel resources and increasing the utilization of alternative fuel gases. An area of key interest is the change in emissions that accompanies the replacement of a fuel. The work reported here is an experimental and modeling effort aimed at determining the changes in NOx emission that accompany the use of alternative fuels. Controlling oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from combustion sources is essential in non-attainment areas. Lean-premixed combustion eliminates most of the thermal NOx emission, but is still subject to small, though significant amounts of NOx formed by the complexities of free radical chemistry in the turbulent flames of most combustion systems. Understanding these small amounts of NOx, and how their formation is altered by fuel composition, is the objective of this paper. We explore how NOx is formed in high-intensity, lean-premixed flames of alternative gaseous fuels. This is based on laboratory experiments and interpretation by chemical reactor modeling. Methane is used as the reference fuel. Combustion temperature is maintained the same for all fuels so that the effect of fuel composition on NOx can be studied without the complicating influence of changing temperature. Also, the combustion reactor residence time is maintained nearly constant. When methane containing nitrogen and carbon dioxide (e.g., landfill gas) is burned, NOx increases since the fuel/air ratio is enriched in order to maintain combustion temperature. When fuels of increasing C/H ratio are burned leading to higher levels of carbon monoxide (CO) in the flame, or when the fuel contains CO, the free radicals made as the CO oxidizes cause the NOx to increase. In these cases, the change from high-methane natural gas to alternative gaseous fuel causes the NOx to increase. However, when hydrogen is added to the methane, the NOx may increase or decrease, depending on the combustor wall heat loss. In our work, in which combustor wall heat loss is present, hydrogen addition deceases the NOx. This observation is compared to the literature. Additionally, minimum NOx emission is examined by comparing the present results to the findings of Leonard and Stegmaier.

The Optimization Design of the Planing Vessel's Channel Parameters Based on the CFD Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Hai Long Shen ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Yu Min Su
Keyword(s):  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Channel Parameters ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Numerical Research ◽  
Planing Vessel

Due to the special hull shape of the catamaran planing vessel, the shiplines optimization design and the hydrodynamic performance prediction of the catamaran planing vessel are mainly carried out by model tank tests and the empirical formula at present. The numerical prediction method of the hydrodynamic performance of catamaran planing vessel has been a big difficulty for a long time. In this paper, the influence of the key channel design parameters on the catamaran planing vessel hydrodynamic performance is studied based on the CFD technology. Some beneficial conclusions are obtained which is helpful for the optimization design of catamaran planing vessel. The work of this paper provides a numerical research method for the optimization design of the catamaran planing vessels hull.

NOx Behavior for Lean-Premixed Combustion of Alternative Gaseous Fuels

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Boyd Fackler ◽  
Megan Karalus ◽  
Igor Novosselov ◽  
John Kramlich ◽  
Philip Malte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Premixed Combustion ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Fuel Composition ◽  
Lean Premixed Combustion ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Lean Premixed

Gaseous fuels other than pipeline natural gas are of interest in high-intensity premixed combustors (e.g., lean-premixed gas turbine combustors) as a means of broadening the range of potential fuel resources and increasing the utilization of alternative fuel gases. An area of key interest is the change in emissions that accompanies the replacement of a fuel. The work reported here is an experimental and modeling effort aimed at determining the changes in NOx emission that accompany the use of alternative fuels. Controlling oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from combustion sources is essential in nonattainment areas. Lean-premixed combustion eliminates most of the thermal NOx emission but is still subject to small, although significant amounts of NOx formed by the complexities of free radical chemistry in the turbulent flames of most combustion systems. Understanding these small amounts of NOx, and how their formation is altered by fuel composition, is the objective of this paper. We explore how NOx is formed in high-intensity, lean-premixed flames of alternative gaseous fuels. This is based on laboratory experiments and interpretation by chemical reactor modeling. Methane is used as the reference fuel. Combustion temperature is maintained the same for all fuels so that the effect of fuel composition on NOx can be studied without the complicating influence of changing temperature. Also the combustion reactor residence time is maintained nearly constant. When methane containing nitrogen and carbon dioxide (e.g., landfill gas) is burned, NOx increases because the fuel/air ratio is enriched to maintain combustion temperature. When fuels of increasing C/H ratio are burned leading to higher levels of carbon monoxide (CO) in the flame, or when the fuel contains CO, the free radicals made as the CO oxidizes cause the NOx to increase. In these cases, the change from high-methane natural gas to alternative gaseous fuel causes the NOx to increase. However, when hydrogen is added to the methane, the NOx may increase or decrease, depending on the combustor wall heat loss. In our work, in which combustor wall heat loss is present, hydrogen addition deceases the NOx. This observation is compared to the literature. Additionally, minimum NOx emission is examined by comparing the present results to the findings of Leonard and Stegmaier.

The Manifold Problem

1949 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
J. D. Keller
Keyword(s):  
General Problem ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Open Hearth ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Gas Burner ◽  
Fire Type

Abstract This paper deals with the general problem of manifolds supplying fluids to a set of parallel pipes or ducts, or discharging through numerous openings distributed along the manifold length. Examples are the familiar “pipe burner” for gaseous fuels; the manifold of the “radiant-fire” type of gas burner; headers or manifolds for certain types of multitube air heaters; the distributing flues above and below the checkers of open-hearth furnaces and of glass tanks; furnace combustion chambers containing heat ports; distributing pipes in water-filtering systems; and many others. The very specialized problem of the gasoline-engine manifold is not considered here.

Ansaldo AE94.3A Combustion Improvement Towards Flexibility Through Extensive Field Testing

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Malavasi ◽  
Paolo Pesce ◽  
Alice Virginia Pesenti ◽  
Paolo Traverso ◽  
Domenico Zito
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
The Impact

Being the European energy market in a sort of stagnation, flexibility is nowadays particularly profitable, with increasing care of environmental minimum load, maximum load and loading/unloading rate. For its F class model AE94.3A4, Ansaldo Energia has identified two technical keys for success: - Combustion stability - Combustion efficiency Thanks to a cooperation agreement with ENEL PRODUCTION, the largest Italian electricity utility, Ansaldo Energia had the possibility to design, introduce on one GT and test several combustion system modifications addressed to improve the performance of the whole GT by a synergy between proven design burners and cooling / sealing air optimization. During 3 months, 5 combustion system configurations have been installed and tested on the GT made available from ENEL. Taking into account that each burner is equipped with different kinds of pilot injections, the number of effective tested configurations amounts to 11. The configurations have been chosen in a large range of premixing ability, from high premixing to high diffusion rate. Due to the optimization of secondary air system, it has been necessary to install additional instrumentation in order to monitor the impact on the hot gas path components, with the aim of maintaining temperature conditions consistent with long life requirements. In the end, 3 combustion configurations were identified as able to cover 3 ranges of environmental requirements as: 1 – High populated residential areas (NOx emission < 30 mg/Nm3) 2 – Medium populated or light industrial (NOx emission < 40 mg/Nm3) 3 – Very low populated areas or heavy industrial (NOx emission < 50 mg/Nm3) Premixing is generally the more effective element to defeat N2 oxidation, with the side effect of making the combustion process particularly sensitive to pressure pulsations. So the efforts of the combustion designer have been spent to carefully modulate the injection of fuel in order to allow a good compromise between stability and emission.

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