scholarly journals New Macedonian legislation which improves the position of the injured party

Temida ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Gordana Lazetic-Buzarovska
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Injured Party ◽  
Criminal Legislation

This article deals with newly adopted provisions in the Macedonian criminal legislation, that are affecting the position and status of injured party in the criminal procedure, with special attention to alternative measures as new criminal sanctions and new opportunities for realization of compensation request on time and in effective way. As author says, with extending the grounds for submitting compensation request the legislator have introduced provisions that contribute toward improving the position of the injured party during the criminal procedure and even after its termination. Beside already strengthened position of public prosecutor, there are new provisions regarding widening of possibilities for injured party when he is in the role of subsidiary prosecutor. Having in mind European countries? experiences regarding witness protection, Republic of Macedonia has created legislative framework for combating most difficult types of organized crime. However, practical implementation of newly adopted Law on witness protection depends a lot on successful establishment and functioning of authorities responsible for caring out witness protection Programs, providing enough financial resources and intensive and direct interstate co-operation. Hence, it is obvious that the legislative provisions are just the first step among necessary activities for accomplish witness protection programs.

scholarly journals Optimizing The Role of Immigration Civil Servant Investigator in Treating Criminal Actions of People Smuggling

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Doniar Andre Vernanda ◽  
Tony Mirwanto
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Immigration Law ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Case Files ◽  
National Police

Immigration law enforcement is carried out by civil servant investigators (PPNS) of Immigration by the mandate of Law No. 6 of 2011 on immigration. Immigration civil servant investigators have the authority to carry out the investigation process to hand over case files for subsequent prosecution in court by the public prosecutor. The results and discussion of this research are: (i) People smuggling is a crime where people illegally enter humans without legal and valid immigration travel documents aimed at personal or group gain by entering a country without going through an examination. immigration at the immigration checkpoint (TPI). Criminal sanctions related to human smuggling are regulated in article 120 of the Immigration Law with a maximum threat of 15 years and a fine of Rp. 1,500,000,000.00. (ii) According to the Immigration Law, pro Justitia law enforcement in immigration crimes is carried out by immigration civil servant investigators who have the duties and functions of carrying out investigations & investigations, coordinating with the National Police and other law enforcement agencies as well as carrying out other matters which are ordered by immigration Law

scholarly journals Analisis Yuridis Putusan Bebas terhadap Kasus Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-411
Author(s):  
Ramot Lumbantoruan
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Judicial Role

The purpose of this research is to describe the legal arrangements regarding the Free Verdict according to positive legal provisions, the Judicial role of the Judge in deciding a case and Juridical Analysis of a conviction for a murder crime (Study of Judgment Number 423 / Pid / 2008 PN. South Jakarta. This research method is normative juridical research.The nature of this research is descriptive analysis, which is a method used to describe a condition or condition that is happening or ongoing in order to provide as much data as possible about the object of research so as to explore things that are ideal, then analyzed based on legal theory or applicable laws and regulations.Results of this study, first, the legal arrangements regarding the acquittal according to positive legal provisions is to look at Article 191 Paragraph (1), paragraph (2) and paragraph (3) of the Criminal Procedure Code specifically also provides an understanding that reinforces its role law about being free from all lawsuits. Second, the role of judges legally in deciding a case in the decision of Case Decision Number 423 / Pid / 2008 / PN. South Jakarta is a judge must pay attention to the interests of various parties, both the interests of the defendant, witnesses, and the interests of the Public Prosecutor.

scholarly journals Is a public procesutor's investigation more effective than a judicial investigation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1183-1202
Author(s):  
Snežana Brkić
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
High Court ◽  
The Public ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Judicial Investigation ◽  
Injured Party ◽  
Novi Sad

This paper is the result of a mini empirical research on the duration of judicial and public prosecutorial investigations before the High Court in Novi Sad. A total of 100 cases were analyzed, of which 50 cases from 2008 and 50 cases from 2015 and 2016. The first 50 cases were conducted during the validity of the Criminal Procedure code from 2001, while the other 50 cases were conducted during the validity of the Criminal Procedure Code from 2011. In order for the result to be as comparable as possible, we tried to have the same structure of criminal acts represented in both groupes. The author came to the conclusion that a prosecutorial investigation is not faster than a judicial investigation. The search for the suspect, the search for the injured party, the impediment of the lawer, the strike of the lawers, the preoccupation of the public prosecutor, etc. contributed to the somewhat longer duration of the public prosecutorial investigation.

Justicia penal y corrupción: déficits, resultados, posibilidades

2016 ◽  
pp. 43-75
Author(s):  
Antonio DEL MORAL GARCÍA
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Exclusive Or ◽  
Derecho Penal

LABURPENA: Zigor zuzenbideak ustelkeriaren kontrako borrokan izan behar duen paperak osagarria behar du izan, baina ez esklusiboa edo baztertzailea. Zigor zuzenbidea ez da nahikoa ustelkeriari aurre egiteko, eta arriskua dago zuzenbidea bera eta zigor prozesua usteltzeko, oinarrizko berme batzuk baztertuta. Zigor zuzenbidea ezinbestekoa da ataza horri aurre egiteko, baina prebentziozko beste gizarte eta, bereziki, lege neurri batzuk hartu behar dira, alegia: gardentasuna, aurretiazko eta geroko kontrol eragingarri profesionalizatuak … Ikuspuntu hori oinarri izaki, testuak zenbait figura aztertzen ditu euren hutsuneak eta aukerak detektatzeko, ustelkeriarekin lotutako jarrerak jazartzeko garaian. Figurok hauexek dira: batetik, zigor zuzenbide substantiboan, zigor zuzenbidearen azken aldaketak, konfiskazioa; bestetik, zuzenbide prozesalean, aldiz, justizia azkartzeko neurriak edo damutuak; eta azkenik, zuzenbide organikoan, berriz, fiskaltza eta herri akzioa. RESUMEN: El papel del derecho penal en la lucha contra los fenómenos de corrupción ha de ser complementario y no exclusivo o excluyente. Sólo con derecho penal no solo no se vence a la corrupción sino que se corre el peligro de corromper al mismo derecho y proceso penal laminando algunas de sus garantías básicas. El Derecho penal es imprescindible para esa tarea pero ha de acompañarse de otras medidas preventivas más eficaces tanto sociales como singularmente legales: transparencia, controles eficaces previos y posteriores profesionalizados… Desde ese punto de partida el texto hace un recorrido por algunas instituciones de derecho penal sustantivo (últimas reformas penales, decomiso); procesal (medidas de agilización, arrepentidos) y orgánico (ministerio fiscal, acción popular) para revisar sus déficits y posibilidades en la represión de conductas ligadas a la corrupción. ABSTRACT: The role of Criminal Law in the fight against corruption phenomena has to be complementary and not exclusive or excluding. With just Criminal Law not only the corruption is not won but there is danger that the same Law and Criminal procedure get corrupted by grinding some of their basic guarantees. Criminal Law is essential for that purpose but it has to be helped by preventive measures more efficient both socially and specifically legal: transparency, professional ex ante and ex post efficient controls. From that start, the text shows some of the substantive Criminal law institutions (last criminal reforms, confiscation), procedural law institutions (measures for facilitation, repentants) and organic law institutions (public prosecutor office, popular action) in order to review their deficits and possibilities in the punishment of those behaviours linked to corruption.

scholarly journals Relationship Between the Police and the Prosecutor’s Office in Individual European Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Janjić
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
The Public ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Republic

One of the main characteristics of the investigation in Germany is that the public prosecutor is in charge of investigation and the role of the police mainly depends on whether and to what extent the public prosecutor will entrust them with undertaking investigative actions. France has retained the division into inquests and investigation, as well as a powerful investigative judge. When a formal investigation is optional (it is obligatory only in the event of crimes) and is not conducted, inquests are the only form of preliminary proceedings. Preliminary investigations (inquests) are conducted by the judicial police, at the request of a public prosecutor or ex officio. The Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Italy, which was adopted in 1988 and which came into force in 1989, with its subsequent amendments, is significant, among other things, for introducing the accusatory model of criminal procedure instead of the inquisitorial one included in the Criminal Procedure Code of 1930 that was revoked when the new Criminal Procedure Code came into force.

scholarly journals The Guarantees of the Human Rights of the Defendant in the Law System in Kosovo

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Armend Podvorica ◽  
Adelina Rakaj
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Law System ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic

The paper "The guarantees of the human rights of the defendant in the law system in Kosovo" aims to treat the access of the Republic of Kosovo in the delivery of constitutional guarantees and legal guarantees to protect the defendant in the criminal procedure. Within these guarantees, special emphasis is placed on the judicious acts in force that provide these guarantees in the Republic of Kosovo. A special analysis with regard to this paper is dedicated to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR), the practice of European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), the Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo and the Criminal Procedure Code of Kosovo (CPCK). The analysis of those acts clarifies that the guarantees of the Legal System in Kosovo coincide with the rights of the defendant. Another dimension that finds space within the paper is the practical implementation of the guarantees provided by the aforementioned acts in terms of the rights of the defendant. The role of the Constitutional Court in the Republic of Kosovo in the past and now has been mainly analyzed in the formation of the constitutional and international guarantees, applicable in Kosovo concerning the rights of the defendant in the criminal procedure.

scholarly journals Procedural and legal status of the injured party according to the new criminal procedure code of the Republic of Serbia

Temida ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Momcilo Grubac
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
Criminal Proceeding ◽  
The Public ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Status ◽  
Injured Party ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

In this article the author is critically analyzing certain solutions of the new Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Serbia from 2011 which consider the injured party and their rights in the criminal proceeding. He states that unlike the previous ones, this Code does not improve the status of the injured party but makes it even worse. The author particularly claims that the legislator yet again failed to establish the right of the injured party to be efficiently compensated in the event of a serious offense from a special fund and immediately after the crime has been committed, but prior to the end of the criminal proceeding. In the provision of the Code which states that the injured party may take over the prosecution and become a prosecutor replacing the Public Prosecutor (subsidiary prosecutor) only if the Public Prosecutor withdraws after having confirmed the indictment, however not in the cases of rejection of criminal charges or withdrawal from the prosecution in the previous proceeding, the author sees not only the limitation of the rights of the injured party, but also jeopardy of the public interest. This is due to the fact that, freed from a threat of the subsidiary accusation by the injured party, the Public Prosecutor has gained an absolute and uncontrolled monopoly over the initiation of criminal proceeding. According to the author, the subject of the proceedings will not have any substantial use from some rights which the new Code assigns to the injured party (for example the right to appeal against the judgment on the adjudicated property claim). In conclusion, the author stresses out that in spite of his objections against certain provisions in the Code, the legal status of the injured party is more favorable in the criminal law of Serbia then in many other countries.

scholarly journals The position of the injured party in a prosecutorial investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-86
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Kvastek
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Public Prosecutor ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
The Public ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Injured Party ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic

This paper will analyse the position of the injured party in an investigation conducted by the public prosecutor's office, which was implemented in the Republic of Serbia in 2011. After we have given the definitions of the injured party and the difference with the term victim, as a criminological category, we will discuss whether the Serbian Criminal Procedure Code (2011) takes a step back when it comes to the position of the injured party in criminal proceedings. First of all, the ability of the injured party to become a subsidiary prosecutor was limited, as it was prescribed that the injured party can take over criminal prosecution only after the confirmation of the public prosecutor's indictment, so the opportunity to acts as a subsidiary prosecutor does not exist in the manner in which it existed under the Criminal Procedure Code from 2001 of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Then, we shall demonstrate how the position of the injured party was exacerbated in relation to deferred prosecution, as the injured party cannot submit an objection to the higher public prosecutor to re-examine the decision not to prosecute and the injured party's consent is not needed for this decision. The research conducted among deputy public prosecutors and attorneys for the purposes of this paper confirms the presumption that the Criminal Procedure Code in force downgraded the injured party's impact on the criminal proceedings.

The right to life: A comparative analysis of the relevant norms of the Constitutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan and Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the right to life belongs to the basic constitutional human rights, therefore, its observance and protection is the duty of the state. Despite its undeniable importance, today the right to life anywhere in the world is not really ensured in sufficient quantities. The constitutional consolidation of the right to life raises a number of issues related to the concept, nature, legislative and practical implementation of this right. It should be noted that various aspects of the human right to life were considered in the scientific works of G.B. Romanovsky, O.G. Selikhova, T.M. Fomichenko, A.B. Borisova, V.A. Ershov and other Russian authors. The aim of the study is to study and comparative analysis of the legal content of the constitutional norm that defines the right to life, to comprehend and identify possible problems of the implementation of this right. To achieve this goal, this article discusses relevant issues of ensuring the right to life, proclaimed by Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 27 of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic. The results of a comparative analysis of these constitutional norms and the relevant norms of industry law allow us to determine, that there is no contradiction between Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which imply the death penalty as an exceptional measure of punishment, because a moratorium has been imposed on the death penalty in the Russian Federation since April 16, 1997. However, after the abolition of the death penalty in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1998, there was a discrepancy between parts II and III of Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the criminal legislation of Azerbaijan Republic that requires the introduction of the necessary changes in the content of the analyzed constitutional norm. The value of the work is determined by the fact that the introduction of appropriate changes will contribute to the further improvement of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the effective implementation of the right to life of everyone.

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