scholarly journals The Roman mining legislation of the Late Empire

Starinar ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 91-105
Author(s):  
Zeljka Sajin
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Private Landowners ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Mining Legislation ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Roman Mining

The tenth book of the Theodosian Code provides a valuable insight into the different aspects of mining exploitation during the Late Roman Empire. The main issue was a shortage of mining labour. According to Constantine?s fiscal policy, miners were permanently tied to their profession. They had the right to sell their property, loca metallica, but under difficult conditions. The forced mining labour was passed over from them to the potential buyers. Over time, miners became tied to the place of their origin and their children had to take on their fathers? professions. The continuous invasions of the barbarian tribes as well as the suffered losses encouraged miners, in spite of the prohibition, to escape their duties and leave their homes. The miners from Gaul were desperately trying to escape to Sardinia in order to find better working conditions. Those in the eastern part of the Empire tried to acquire the status of colons inhabiting private landowners? estates. The flow of escaping miners became a regular occurrence and the Roman emperors introduced laws which penalised anyone found harbouring miners. The unsatisfactory application of the imperial edicts resulted in a series of new edicts aimed at addressing the same problem. The warning given to the local judges by Emperor Gratian in his decree declared in 378. AD clearly shows that the imperial edicts were not regularly applied in practice. The following period would be marked with new invasions that would have serious consequences on the mining exploitation and make the control of different social categories and state officials even more difficult.

'Verfallpfand' in early classical Roman Law: real security in the archive of the Sulpicii

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
H.L.E. Verhagen
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
First Century ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Commercial Lenders ◽  
The Law ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe writing tablets discovered in 1959 near Pompeii (Tabulae Pompeianae Sulpiciorum or Tabulae Pompeianae Novae) provide a unique and extremely valuable insight into the 'law in action' in the Roman Empire of the first century AD. In particular, these tablets allow us to assess the functioning of the law of secured finance, as it was applied by the Sulpicii family and other commercial lenders in the seaport town of Puteoli (Pozzuoli). The focus of this article is on the enforcement of a right of pledge in case of default by the debtor. In particular, it discusses whether the creditor then acquired ownership of the pledged property or whether he was only entitled to suspend his obligation to return the pledged property to the debtor. It is argued that the most likely interpretation of the writing tablets is that the creditor acquired ownership when the debtor defaulted and that this enabled him to sell the property at auction or otherwise.

scholarly journals Consensus or Controversy: Do Recent Advances Shift the Debate for the Use of Echocardiography Versus Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Right Ventricle in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Amresh Raina ◽  
Benjamin Freed
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Surrogate Endpoint ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Status ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Right ◽  
Insight Into

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, often lethal condition originating in the pulmonary arteriolar tree. It is typically manifested in stereotypical changes in the right ventricle (RV). RV dysfunction is an important mediator of patient symptoms in PAH, and RV failure is the most common cause of mortality in PAH patients. Because of the physiologic importance of the RV, RV imaging is critical in the initial diagnostic evaluation and serial assessment of PAH patients, and can provide indirect insight into the status of the disease at the level of the pulmonary vasculature. This article will focus on whether technological advances in imaging have shifted the debate toward which modality is optimal both for routine clinical practice and for a possible surrogate endpoint in PAH clinical trials.

scholarly journals More Than a Hostile Environment: Exploring the Impact of the Right to Rent Part of the Immigration Act 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Crawford ◽  
Kim McKee ◽  
Sharon Leahy
Keyword(s):  
Original Data ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Housing Professionals ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

This article is based on original data from a qualitative study on the impact of the Right to Rent part of the Immigration Act 2016 in Scotland. Our findings show that in addition to being an integral part of the government’s project of creating a ‘hostile environment for immigrants’, the process of extending the state’s ‘law and order’ functions to organisations responsible for providing welfare services and distributing public goods is of wider political importance. Here, we argue that this process, what Bourdieu calls the rightward tilting of the bureaucratic field, results in widespread discrimination as it entails a shift in focus of its criminalising gaze from ‘conduct’ to ‘status’. The effects of this rightward shift altered the categories through which welfare services were both conceived and delivered more widely. We found that the almost universal opposition of the housing sector to the unwanted imposition of duties previously confined to border control agencies shows the extent to which the state is not a unitary monolith but is, rather, a site of perpetual struggle and contestation. By locating the perspective of housing professionals in relation to the government’s attempts to redraw the boundaries of the state’s own responsibility, we can gain a valuable insight into the processes of state crafting, which have wider implications beyond merely the creation of a hostile environment for immigrants.

scholarly journals Blind maskine og gakket klovn

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Johanne Gormsen Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Late Modernity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Insight Into

Blind Machine and Zany Clown – Comical Representations of the Worker in the Age of Taylorism and Today This article aims at historicizing the conception of the comical, arguing that theories and cultural representations of the comical character from different time periods offer valuable insight into the experience of work at given historical moments. The status of personality in the comical character turns out to be highly pertinent to the understanding of work in the transition to late modernity.

Where do we stand?

FORUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-224
Author(s):  
Sei-inn Im ◽  
Hyang-Ok Lim
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Status ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Middle Point ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
First Semester ◽  
The Status ◽  
Korean Study ◽  
High Level ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Job Prospects

Abstract Within the last decade, an increasing number of studies have examined the status of translators and interpreters, providing valuable insight into how the status is perceived in the eyes of practitioners. However, less attention has been paid to studying the perceptions of future Translators, i.e. T&I students. This paper seeks to describe the occupational status of in-house Translators in Korea by comparing the perceptions of professionals and students. Inspired by Dam and Zethsen’s status parameters and a Korean study on teacher status, a survey was conducted among four populations: one Translator group and three student groups at different stages of their study. The findings indicate a negative correlation between the perceptions of occupational status and expertise progression, with first semester students giving a mean rating well above the middle point while practitioners rated their status as “just above average.” Overall, professional Translators and students regarded in-house Translation as an important occupation which required a high level of expertise and contributed to the organization, but also as one that involves a lower degree of work autonomy. At the same time, all four groups expressed their concern regarding job prospects.

Heidegger’s Trakl-Marginalia

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
Ian Alexander Moore
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
The Status ◽  
Georg Trakl ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Poetic Work ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract In this article, I analyze Heidegger’s marginalia in his personal copy of the 1946 Zurich edition of poems by Georg Trakl, which I discovered several years ago while conducting research in the castle of Heidegger’s hometown of Meßkirch. Although Heidegger’s marginalia in this volume are not extensive, they are significant for three reasons: they provide valuable insight into his reading of the spirit of Trakl’s poetic work and into the place in which Heidegger situates it; they frequently shed light on topics often left in the shadows by Heidegger and his expositors, topics such as (auto)biography, sexual difference, and Christianity; and they bear on Heidegger’s lifelong engagement with the status of being and even, at times, seem to call into question his published positions on it.

Study of the resistor material of an automotive spark plug by use of the charge-up effect along with elemental mapping in an electron microprobe

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
D. R. Liu ◽  
S. S. Shinozaki ◽  
J. S. Park ◽  
B. N. Juterbock
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Coated Sample ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Elemental Mapping ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Electron Imaging ◽  
Insight Into

The electric and thermal properties of the resistor material in an automotive spark plug should be stable during its service lifetime. Containing many elements and many phases, this material has a very complex microstructure. Elemental mapping with an electron microprobe can reveal the distribution of all relevant elements throughout the sample. In this work, it is demonstrated that the charge-up effect, which would distort an electron image and, therefore, is normally to be avoided in an electron imaging work, could be used to advantage to reveal conductive and resistive zones in a sample. Its combination with elemental mapping can provide valuable insight into the underlying conductivity mechanism of the resistor.This work was performed in a CAMECA SX-50 microprobe. The spark plug used in the present report was a commercial product taken from the shelf. It was sectioned to expose the cross section of the resistor. The resistor was known not to contain the precious metal Au as checked on the carbon coated sample. The sample was then stripped of carbon coating and re-coated with Au.

Application of Statutes of Limitations to Islamic Banking: The Case of Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Aishath Muneeza ◽  
Zakariya Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Legal Action ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
The Right ◽  
Limitation Of Action ◽  
Insight Into

Limitations of action designate extent of time after an event, as set by statutes of limitations, within which legal action can be initiated by a party to a transaction. No event is actionable outside the designated time as same is rendered statute-barred. This study aims to provide an insight into application and significance of Limitations Act 1950 and Limitation Ordinance 1952 to Islamic banking matters in Malaysia as well as Shariah viewpoint on the issue of limitation of action. In conducting the study, a qualitative research methodology is employed where reported Islamic banking cases from 1983 to 2018 in Malaysia were reviewed and analysed to ascertain the application of those statutes of limitations to Islamic banking. Likewise, relevant provisions of the statutes as invoked in the cases were examined to determine possible legislative conflicts between the provisions and the rule of Islamic law in governing the right and limitation of action in Islamic banking cases under the law. The reviewed cases show the extent to which statutes of limitations were invoked in Malaysian courts in determining validity of Islamic banking matters. The limitation provisions so referred to are largely sections 6(1)(a) and 21(1) Limitations Act 1953 and section 19 Limitation Ordinance 1953, which do not conflict with Shariah viewpoint on the matter. This study will prove invaluable to financial institutions and their customers alike in promoting knowledge and creating awareness over actionable event in the course of their transactions.

A famine in Surat in 1631 and Dodos on Mauritius: a long lost manuscript rediscovered

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Winters ◽  
J. P. Hume ◽  
M. Leenstra
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Dutch East India Company ◽  
The Status ◽  
Insight Into

In 1887 Dutch archivist A. J. Servaas van Rooijen published a transcript of a hand-written copy of an anonymous missive or letter, dated 1631, about a horrific famine and epidemic in Surat, India, and also an important description of the fauna of Mauritius. The missive may have been written by a lawyer acting on behalf of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). It not only gives details about the famine, but also provides a unique insight into the status of endemic and introduced Mauritius species, at a time when the island was mostly uninhabited and used only as a replenishment station by visiting ships. Reports from this period are very rare. Unfortunately, Servaas van Rooijen failed to mention the location of the missive, so its whereabouts remained unknown; as a result, it has only been available as a secondary source. Our recent rediscovery of the original hand-written copy provides details about the events that took place in Surat and Mauritius in 1631–1632. A full English translation of the missive is appended.

CIVIL AND LEGAL LIABILITY OF JUDGES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Skoromnyy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Legal Liability ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Model Code ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

The article presents the conceptual foundations of bringing judges to civil and legal liability. It was found that the civil and legal liability of judges is one of the types of legal liability of judges. It is determined that the legislation of Ukraine provides for a clearly delineated list of the main cases (grounds) for which the state is liable for damages for damage caused to a legal entity and an individual by illegal actions of a judge as a result of the administration of justice. It has been proved that bringing judges to civil and legal liability, in particular on the basis of the right of recourse, provides for the payment of just compensation in accordance with the decision of the European Court of Human Rights. It was established that the bringing of judges to civil and legal liability in Ukraine is regulated by such legislative documents as the Constitution of Ukraine, the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Explanatory Note to the European Charter on the Status of Judges (Model Code), the Law of Ukraine «On the Judicial System and the Status of Judges», the Law of Ukraine «On the procedure for compensation for harm caused to a citizen by illegal actions of bodies carrying out operational-search activities, pre-trial investigation bodies, prosecutors and courts», Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in the case on the constitutional submission of the Supreme Court of Ukraine regarding the compliance of the Constitution of Ukraine (constitutionality) of certain provisions of Article 2, paragraph two of clause II «Final and transitional provisions» of the Law of Ukraine «On measures to legislatively ensure the reform of the pension system», Article 138 of the Law of Ukraine «On the judicial system and the status of judges» (the case on changes in the conditions for the payment of pensions and monthly living known salaries of judges lagging behind in these), the Law of Ukraine «On the implementation of decisions and the application of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights».

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