scholarly journals Mechanochemical activation of batch during fabrication of highly-porous cordierite materials based on natural oxide compounds

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Antsiferov ◽  
S.E. Porozova ◽  
V.I. Karmanov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Mechanochemical Activation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Effect Of Additives ◽  
Composition Variation ◽  
Natural Oxide ◽  
Highly Porous ◽  
Porous Cordierite

Using X-ray diffraction analysis and infrared spectroscopy techniques, the effect of additives on phase composition variation during mechanochemical activation of a kaolin-containing cordierite batch was investigated. It was shown that introduction of Trilon B permits fixing of the start of cordierite synthesis already during batch activation. It was established that mechanochemical activation of a cordierite batch doped with Trilon B results in an increase of the strength of cordierite samples prepared by polymer matrix duplication.

scholarly journals Sorption of oil products on the synthetic zeolite granules

Mineralogia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Magdalena Król ◽  
Piotr Rożek
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Synthetic Zeolite ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Zeolite A ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Sorbent

Abstract In this work, lightweight granules of zeolite Na-P1 based on expanded glass aggregates were synthesized for the application in oil products’ sorption. The sorption of gasoline, diesel and silicone oil tests were also conducted for raw expanded glass, zeolite A, clinoptilolite and mineral sorbent available at a fuel station. All sorbents were also characterized in terms of the phase composition (X-ray diffraction) and structure (infrared spectroscopy). The zeolite Na-P1 granules achieved the highest values of sorption capacities (1.8, 2.1 and 2.6 g/g, respectively), which makes them promising materials for oils’ removal.

scholarly journals Nano-hydroxyapatite preparation from biogenic raw materials

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gréta Gergely ◽  
Ferenc Wéber ◽  
István Lukács ◽  
Levente Illés ◽  
Attila Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Mechanochemical Activation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Attrition Milling ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HAp) was successfully produced from recycled eggshell, seashell and phosphoric acid. The phases obtained depended on the ratio of calcined eggshell/ seashell to phosphoric acid, the calcination temperature and the mechanochemical activation method (ball milling or attrition milling). The HAp structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microsopy and infrared spectroscopy. Attrition milling was more effective than ball milling, yielding nanosize, homogenous and pure Hap.

Control of the phase composition of advanced calcium phosphates using an x-ray diffractometer with a curved position-sensitive detector

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
V. P. Sirotinkin ◽  
O. V. Baranov ◽  
A. Yu. Fedotov ◽  
S. M. Barinov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Position Sensitive Detector ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Impurity Phases ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

The results of studying the phase composition of advanced calcium phosphates Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, β-Ca3(PO4)2, α-Ca3(PO4)2, CaHPO4 · 2H2O, Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)4 · 5H2O using an x-ray diffractometer with a curved position-sensitive detector are presented. Optimal experimental conditions (angular positions of the x-ray tube and detector, size of the slits, exposure time) were determined with allowance for possible formation of the impurity phases during synthesis. The construction features of diffractometers with a position-sensitive detector affecting the profile characteristics of x-ray diffraction peaks are considered. The composition for calibration of the diffractometer (a mixture of sodium acetate and yttrium oxide) was determined. Theoretical x-ray diffraction patterns for corresponding calcium phosphates are constructed on the basis of the literature data. These x-ray diffraction patterns were used to determine the phase composition of the advanced calcium phosphates. The features of advanced calcium phosphates, which should be taken into account during the phase analysis, are indicated. The powder of high-temperature form of tricalcium phosphate strongly adsorbs water from the environment. A strong texture is observed on the x-ray diffraction spectra of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate. A rather specific x-ray diffraction pattern of octacalcium phosphate pentahydrate revealed the only one strong peak at small angles. In all cases, significant deviations are observed for the recorded angular positions and relative intensity of the diffraction peaks. The results of the study of experimentally obtained mixtures of calcium phosphate are presented. It is shown that the graphic comparison of experimental x-ray diffraction spectra and pre-recorded spectra of the reference calcium phosphates and possible impurity phases is the most effective method. In this case, there is no need for calibration. When using this method, the total time for analysis of one sample is no more than 10 min.

Formation of nanoscale sodium dodecahydro-closo- dodecaborate Na2[B12H12] on silicate matrix surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 484 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
E. A. Malinina ◽  
V. K. Skachkova ◽  
I. V. Kozerozhets ◽  
V. V. Avdeeva ◽  
L. V. Goeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Ammonium Salt ◽  
Liquid Glass ◽  
Silicate Matrix ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Salt Sample ◽  
Matrix Surface

The method of nanoscaled sodium dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate Na2[B12H12] synthesis is presented. The composite is heated to 200°C to yield the desired product, forming with the introduction of triethyl- ammonium salt [Et3NH]2[B12H12] into the silicate matrix of a sodium liquid glass. The morphology and phase composition of the synthesized sample are studied through SEM and X-ray diffraction methods, in comparison to those of a standard salt sample Na2[B12H12]. Based on the obtained data, the sample under study is an amorphous composite, on the surface of which nanoscale crystals of Na2[B12H12] form.

scholarly journals Valorization of Byproducts of Hemp Multipurpose Crop: Short Non-Aligned Bast Fibers as a Source of Nanocellulose

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4723
Author(s):  
Sara Dalle Vacche ◽  
Vijayaletchumy Karunakaran ◽  
Alessia Patrucco ◽  
Marina Zoccola ◽  
Loreleï Douard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Residual Lignin ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bast Fibers ◽  
Seed Maturity

Nanocellulose was extracted from short bast fibers, from hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) plants harvested at seed maturity, non-retted, and mechanically decorticated in a defibering apparatus, giving non-aligned fibers. A chemical pretreatment with NaOH and HCl allowed the removal of most of the non-cellulosic components of the fibers. No bleaching was performed. The chemically pretreated fibers were then refined in a beater and treated with a cellulase enzyme, followed by mechanical defibrillation in an ultrafine friction grinder. The fibers were characterized by microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction after each step of the process to understand the evolution of their morphology and composition. The obtained nanocellulose suspension was composed of short nanofibrils with widths of 5–12 nm, stacks of nanofibrils with widths of 20–200 nm, and some larger fibers. The crystallinity index was found to increase from 74% for the raw fibers to 80% for the nanocellulose. The nanocellulose retained a yellowish color, indicating the presence of some residual lignin. The properties of the nanopaper prepared with the hemp nanocellulose were similar to those of nanopapers prepared with wood pulp-derived rod-like nanofibrils.

Rapid Thermal Oxidation for Passivation of Porous Silicon

1994 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. BÁrsony ◽  
J.G.E. Klappe ◽  
É. Vázsonyi ◽  
T. Lohner ◽  
M. Fried
Keyword(s):  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Porous Substrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Tetragonal Lattice ◽  
Optical Heating ◽  
Vertical Inhomogeneity ◽  
Highly Porous

ABSTRACTChemical and mechanical stability of porous silicon layers (PSL) is the prerequisite of any active (luminescent) or passive (e.g. porous substrate) integrated applications. In this work X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze quantitatively the strain distribution obtained in different morphology PSL that were prepared on (100) p and p+Si substrates. Tetragonal lattice constant distortion can be as high as 1.4% in highly porous “as-prepared” samples. Incoherent optical heating RTO is governed by the absorption in the oxidized specimen. PSL show vertical inhomogeneity according to interpretation of spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) data. Oxygen incorporation during RTO is controlled by specific surface (in p+ proportional, in p inversely proportional with porosity), while the developing compressive stress depends on pore size, and decreases with porosity in both morphologies.

scholarly journals Mechanochemical Preparation of Slow Release Fertilizer Based on Glauconite–Urea Complexes

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Rudmin ◽  
Elshan Abdullayev ◽  
Alexey Ruban ◽  
Ales Buyakov ◽  
Bulat Soktoev
Keyword(s):  
Milling Time ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Mechanochemical Activation ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Planetary Mill ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanochemical Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizers

We investigated the mechanochemical synthesis of complex slow release fertilizers (SRF) derived from glauconite. We studied the effectiveness of the mechanical intercalation of urea into glauconite using planetary and ring mills. The potassium-nitric complex SRFs were synthesized via a mechanochemical method mixing glauconite with urea in a 3:1 ratio. The obtained composites were analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. The results show that as duration of mechanochemical activation increases, the mineralogical, chemical, and structural characteristics of composites change. Essential modifications associated with a decrease in absorbed urea and the formation of microcrystallites were observed when the planetary milling time increased from 5 to 10 min and the ring milling from 15 to 30 min. Complete intercalation of urea into glauconite was achieved by 20 min grinding in a planetary mill or 60 min in a ring mill. Urea intercalation in glauconite occurs much faster when using a planetary mill compared to a ring mill.

Phase composition depth profiles using spatially resolved energy dispersive X-ray diffraction

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Jupe ◽  
Stuart R. Stock ◽  
Peter L. Lee ◽  
Nikhila N. Naik ◽  
Kimberly E. Kurtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Zinc Coating ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sulfate Attack ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Composition Profiles

Spatially resolved energy dispersive X-ray diffraction, using high-energy synchrotron radiation (∼35–80 keV), was used nondestructively to obtain phase composition profiles along the radii of cylindrical cement paste samples to characterize the progress of the chemical changes associated with sulfate attack on the cement. Phase distributions were acquired to depths of ∼4 mm below the specimen surface with sufficient spatial resolution to discern features less than 200 µm thick. The experimental and data analysis methods employed to obtain quantitative composition profiles are described. The spatial resolution that could be achieved is illustrated using data obtained from copper cylinders with a thin zinc coating. The measurements demonstrate that this approach is useful for nondestructively visualizing the sometimes complex transformations that take place during sulfate attack on cement-based materials. These transformations can be spatially related to microstructure as seen by computed microtomography.

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