scholarly journals Who volunteers in Serbia? Motives and value orientations of Serbian volunteers

Sociologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-292
Author(s):  
Bojana Radovanovic ◽  
Ivana Simeunovic
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
Self Transcendence

In this paper, we focus on individual factors that influence on people t o engage in formal volunteering, providing empirical evidence from Serbia. We discussed Batson?s four-motive theory of communal actions. The majority of Serbian volunteers reportedly dedicated their time in order to contribute to the community and to help people in need. Thus, they were driven by collectivism and altruism. The lack of time, lack of solicitation for volunteering and being unable to make long-term commitments were reported as the main barriers to volunteering. Serbian volunteers rarely obtain material and non-material benefits from volunteering, and they do not perceive volunteering as a valuable tool for job success. Then, we focused on Schwartz value theory and its potential to explain pro-social behaviour. Our findings based on descriptive statistics and the independent samples t test show that self-transcendence values are more important for Serbian volunteers than self-enhancement values, and that self-transcendence values are more emphasized among volunteers than among non-volunteers. However, we also found that on average volunteers score higher on self-enhancement value orientation than nonvolunteers. Our findings, based on multiple regression models, cannot confirm that, controlled for other factors, volunteers and non-volunteers have different value orientations. Finally, according to the logistic regression models, Serbian volunteers are more likely to be found among younger, better-educated population, with higher scores on the scale of self-transcendence value orientations.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Preventive Behaviours in Cameroon: A Six-Month Online National Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2554
Author(s):  
Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo ◽  
Leonard Ngarka ◽  
Wepnyu Y. Njamnshi ◽  
Leonard N. Nfor ◽  
Michel K. Mengnjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adherence Score ◽  
Preventive Behaviour ◽  
Predictors Of Adherence

Since March 2020, the Cameroonian government implemented nationwide measures to stall COVID-19 transmission. However, little is known about how well these unprecedented measures are being observed as the pandemic evolves. We conducted a six-month online survey to assess the preventive behaviour of Cameroonian adults during the COVID-19 outbreak. A five-point adherence score was constructed based on self-reported observance of the following preventive measures: physical distancing, face mask use, hand hygiene, not touching one’s face, and covering the mouth when coughing or sneezing. Predictors of adherence were investigated using ordinal logistic regression models. Of the 7381 responses received from all ten regions, 73.3% were from male respondents and overall mean age was 32.8 ± 10.8 years. Overall mean adherence score was 3.96 ± 1.11 on a scale of 0–5. Mean weekly adherence scores were initially high, but gradually decreased over time accompanied by increasing incidence of COVID-19 during the last study weeks. Predictors for higher adherence included higher age, receiving COVID-19 information from health personnel, and agreeing with the necessity of lockdown measures. Meanwhile, experiencing flu-like symptoms was associated with poor adherence. Continuous observance of preventive measures should be encouraged among Cameroonians in the medium- to long-term to avoid a resurgence in COVID-19 infections.

scholarly journals Early High-dose Caffeine Improves Respiratory Outcomes in Preterm Infants

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Vineet Lamba ◽  
Oscar Winners ◽  
Prem Fort
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Caffeine Citrate ◽  
Timing Of Initiation ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes

The objective of the study is to determine if early high-dose caffeine (HD) therapy is associated with shorter duration of mechanical ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), or decreased need for mechanical ventilation. We conducted a single center, retrospective cohort study of 273 infants less than 32 weeks gestational age (GA). Infants receiving early HD (10 mg/kg/day maintenance) caffeine citrate started within 24 h of life were compared with those receiving LD (6 mg/kg/day) with variable timing of initiation using linear and logistic regression models. The infants in the early HD group had 91.4 (95% confidence interval (CI): −166.6, −16.1; p = 0.018) less hours of mechanical ventilation up to 36 weeks PMA or discharge as compared with the LD group. Moreover, infants in the HD group had 0.37 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.97; p = 0.042) times lower odds of developing moderate/severe BPD compared with the LD group. Infants receiving early HD caffeine had improved respiratory outcomes with no increase in measured comorbidities. Large prospective studies are needed to determine the long-term outcomes of using high-dose caffeine prophylaxis for preterm infants.

Domestic Violence Reported to the Police: Correlates of Victims’ Reporting Behavior and Support to Legal Proceedings

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Boivin ◽  
Chloé Leclerc
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
History Of

This article analyzes reported incidents of domestic violence according to the source of the complaint and whether the victim initially supported judicial action against the offender. Almost three quarters of incidents studied were reported by the victim (72%), and a little more than half of victims initially wanted to press charges (55%). Using multinomial logistic regression models, situational and individual factors are used to distinguish 4 incident profiles. Incidents in which the victim made the initial report to the police and wished to press charges are the most distinct and involve partners who were already separated at the time of the incident or had a history of domestic violence. The other profiles also show important differences.

scholarly journals STAFF EXPENSES AND ITS EFFECT ON THE BANK'S NET PROFIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Prem Bahadur Budhathoki ◽  
Chandra Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between a net profit of Nepalese commercial banks with staff expenses and staff bonus. This study is based on panel data which is collected from five sampled banks through the review of the annual report during the study period of fiscal year 2012/13 to 2016/17. These collected data are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and log-log multiple regression models. The Mini-Tab software is used for the analysis of data. The results indicate that the predictor variable staff expenses do not significantly impact on net profits of the bank even though they are positively correlated. On the other hand, the response variable (net profit) is significantly affected by the predictor variable staff bonus. Researcher: A Research Journal of Culture and SocietyVol. 3, No. 3, January 2018, Page: 63-71 

scholarly journals Trends in Covid-19 hospital mortality in women and men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ayerbe ◽  
Carlos Risco-Risco ◽  
Diego Martinez-Urbistondo ◽  
Maria Elena Caro-Tinoco ◽  
Salma Ayis
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
First Year ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Time Of Admission

Introduction: It remains unclear if the development of health services, clinical management, and scientific evidence, during the pandemic is associated with better medical outcomes, sustained in the long term, for Covid-19 patients of each gender. This study presents the trends in mortality associated with Covid-19 for women and men during the first year of the pandemic. Methods: This study was based in 17 Spanish hospitals. Sociodemographic, clinical, and mortality data from all patients with Covid-19, who had been discharged alive, or had died after being admitted, between March 2020 and February 2021, were used. The association between time of admission and mortality was examined with multivariate logistic regression models. Results: 3390 Covid-19 patients were included in the study, of which 1330 were women, the age was M(SD): 66.55(16.55) Death was reported for 451 patients. There was a significant decreasing trend in mortality by time of admission for the whole year with an OR: 0.86(0.77-0.96) p=0.005. No significant trend in mortality for women was observed OR: 1.00(0.85-1.19) p=0.959, while there was a significant decreasing trend for men OR: 0.78 (0.68-0.90) p=0.001 Discussion: The health policies put in place, the scientific evidence developed by researchers, and the experienced acquired by clinicians, are likely to explain this improvement in mortality. More epidemiological and clinical studies addressing trends of mortality in patients with different sociodemographic and clinical profile and the improvement of clinical outcomes are required. Future research may address the safety and efficacy of interventions specifically in female patients.

scholarly journals The Association Between Alkaline Phosphatase and Neurological Outcome in Patients with Post-cardiac Arrest: a Secondary Analysis of Data from Belgium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jiacheng he
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Abstract Background: Prognostication of the unfavourable neurological outcome(UNO) after Cardiac arrest(CA) is multimodal while blood biomarkers are an attractive option.Serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP) is shown to be associated with ischemic stroke and considered as an independent prognostic factor for long-term functional outcome after acute cerebral infarction.We aimed to study the association between ALP and UNO in 3 months in patients after CA.Methods:Review of consecutive patients admitted to the ICU at Erasme Hospital, Brussels (Belgium) following CA between January 2007 and December 2015. The outcome was the UNO in 3 months. We used multivariable logistic regression models to calculate the adjusted odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval(CI). Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted according to Shock,Dobutamine.used,Hypertension,Cardiac.Etiology and Shockable.Rhythm.Results: We included 374 CA patients. The multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the risk of UNO in 3 months after CA was significantly associated with ALP.When ALP was Equal is divided in 3 groups, the risk of ALP>91 level and adverse outcomes was 1.7407 times of ALP<64 level (P for trend=0.19709).In the non-hypertension group, the risk of adverse outcomes increased with increased ALP by 1.018 (1.0041.01,1.032).Conclusions: ALP is an independent risk factor for the UNO in 3 months after CA, especially in non-hypertension. Elevated ALP was significantly associated with increased UNO in 3 months after CA. However, the prediction significance of ALP for long-term neurological outcome in patients after CA is needed further studied.

scholarly journals Modesty and Security: Attributes Associated With Comfort and Willingness to Engage in Telelactation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adetola F. Louis-Jacques ◽  
Ellen J. Schafer ◽  
Taylor A. Livingston ◽  
Rachel G. Logan ◽  
Stephanie L. Marhefka
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Participant Characteristics ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
Secure Server ◽  
Improve Access

The objectives were to identify conditions under which mothers may be willing to use telelactation and explore associations between participant characteristics, willingness, and beliefs regarding telelactation use. Mothers 2-8 weeks postpartum were recruited from two Florida maternal care sites and surveyed to assess demographics, breastfeeding initiation, and potential telelactation use. Analyses included descriptive statistics and logistic regression models. Of the 88 participants, most were white, married, earned less than $50,000 per year, had access to technology, and were willing to use telelactation if it was free (80.7%) or over a secure server (63.6%). Fifty-six percent were willing to use telelactation if it involved feeding the baby without a cover, but only 45.5% were willing if their nipples may be seen. Those with higher odds of willingness to use telelaction under these modesty conditions were experienced using videochat, white, married, and of higher income. Mothers with security concerns had six times the odds of being uncomfortable with telelactation compared to mothers without concerns. While telelactation can improve access to critical services, willingness to use telelactation may depend on conditions of use and sociodemographics. During the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond, these findings offer important insights for lactation professionals implementing virtual consultations.

scholarly journals Spoilers of peace: Pro-government militias as risk factors for conflict recurrence

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph V Steinert ◽  
Janina I Steinert ◽  
Sabine C Carey
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Simulation ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Peace Agreements ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
The Government ◽  
Personal Interests

This study investigates how deployment of pro-government militias (PGMs) as counterinsurgents affects the risk of conflict recurrence. Militiamen derive material and non-material benefits from fighting in armed conflicts. Since these will likely have diminished after the conflict’s termination, militiamen develop a strong incentive to spoil post-conflict peace. Members of pro-government militias are particularly disadvantaged in post-conflict contexts compared to their role in the government’s counterinsurgency campaign. First, PGMs are usually not present in peace negotiations between rebels and governments. This reduces their commitment to peace agreements. Second, disarmament and reintegration programs tend to exclude PGMs, which lowers their expected and real benefits from peace. Third, PGMs might lose their advantage of pursuing personal interests while being protected by the government, as they become less essential during peacetimes. To empirically test whether conflicts with PGMs as counterinsurgents are more likely to break out again, we identify PGM counterinsurgent activities in conflict episodes between 1981 and 2007. We code whether the same PGM was active in a subsequent conflict between the same actors. Controlling for conflict types, which is associated with both the likelihood of deploying PGMs and the risk of conflict recurrence, we investigate our claims with propensity score matching, statistical simulation, and logistic regression models. The results support our expectation that conflicts in which pro-government militias were used as counterinsurgents are more likely to recur. Our study contributes to an improved understanding of the long-term consequences of employing PGMs as counterinsurgents and highlights the importance of considering non-state actors when crafting peace and evaluating the risk of renewed violence.

scholarly journals Determinants of Postponed Dental Visits Due to Costs: Evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Aarabi ◽  
Richelle Valdez ◽  
Kristin Spinler ◽  
Carolin Walther ◽  
Udo Seedorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Dental Visits ◽  
Health Related

High costs are an important reason patients postpone dental visits, which can lead to serious medical consequences. However, little is known about the determinants of postponing visits due to financial constraints longitudinally. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of postponing dental visits due to costs in older adults in Germany longitudinally. Data from wave 5 and 6 of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe was used. The occurrence of postponed dental visits due to costs in the last 12 months served as the outcome measure. Socioeconomic and health-related explanatory variables were included. Conditional fixed effects logistic regression models were used (n = 362). Regressions showed that the likelihood of postponing dental visits due to costs increased with lower age, less chronic disease, and lower income. The outcome measure was neither associated with marital status nor self-rated health. Identifying the factors associated with postponed dental visits due to costs might help to mitigate this challenge. In the long term, this might help to maintain the well-being of older individuals.

scholarly journals Could infarct location predict the long-term functional outcome in childhood arterial ischemic stroke?

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 692-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio López-Espejo ◽  
Marta Hernández-Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Total Brain Volume ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Total Brain

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the influence of infarct location on long-term functional outcome following a first-ever arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in non-neonate children. Method: The MRIs of 39 children with AIS (median age 5.38 years; 36% girls; mean follow-up time 5.87 years) were prospectively evaluated. Infarct location was classified as the absence or presence of subcortical involvement. Functional outcome was measured using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) for children after the follow-up assessment. We utilized multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the outcome while adjusting for age, sex, infarct size and middle cerebral artery territory involvement (significance < 0.05). Results: Both infarcts ≥ 4% of total brain volume (OR 9.92; CI 1.76 – 55.9; p 0.009) and the presence of subcortical involvement (OR 8.36; CI 1.76 – 53.6; p 0.025) independently increased the risk of marked functional impairment (mRS 3 to 5). Conclusion: Infarct extension and location can help predict the extent of disability after childhood AIS.

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