scholarly journals Geoepistemology of the “dangerous individual”: Spaces of incarceration as dispositives

Sociologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Marinkovic ◽  
Dusan Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
Total Institutions

The main hypothesis of this paper is that spaces of incarceration are dispositives of the historical and social appearance of the ?dangerous individual?. We assume that spaces of incarceration historically precede the appearance of medicalization and other social technologies of power/knowledge. These spaces geoepistemology in which space is a dispositive for articulation of the technologies and practices of power/knowledge through medicalization, pathologization, psychiatrization, criminalization, hospitalization or sexualization of the ?dangerous individual?. Geoepistemology as the analytics of space, relies heavily on the works of Michel Foucault, from whom came the impulse towards the research of the spaces for incarceration of Others - ?dangerous individuals?. Along with the interpretations of Foucault?s heterotopias, we consider Gofman?s notion of total institutions as the complementary concept. We conclude that spaces of incarceration were not just physical conditions, barriers or the background scenery, but the key dispositives for the genesis and development of the social technologies of power/knowledge - in the first instance medical and corrective.

Social Metadata and Public-Contributed Contents in Memory Institutions: “Crowd Voice” Versus “Authenticated Heritage”?

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chern Li Liew
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Digital Cultural Heritage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractSocial technologies have led to increasing participatory activities and institutions are interested in the potential of using these for outreach and engagement. Through offering new spaces and tools that allow users to consume and also to contribute content, institutions are expanding their traditional services which could redefine their role and relevance in the digital cultural heritage landscape. This study investigates the decision-making and practices underpinning current handling of social metadata and public-contributed contents (PCC). The focus is on examining the motivations for soliciting contributions, if and how these are moderated and managed, if they are integrated into the institutional data and knowledge base, and the extent to which public stakeholders moderate. The study also involves an investigation of whether, and how, memory institutions consider diversity and inclusiveness in soliciting participation and contributions, and the values placed on PCC, as compared to institutional resources. The aim of this study is to shed light on these by surveying libraries, archives, museums, and other institutions.How institutions deal with the social metadata and PCC they gather, and what they do with the contributions, could be a key determining factor of the success of their participatory practice as part of their larger effort to capture and preserve collective memories. This survey shows that the profession still has a way to go towards these goals. There is little evidence that demonstrates integration of a participatory culture and activities into the strategic directions and documentary practices of institutions.

On the Colonization of Amerindian Languages and Memories: Renaissance Theories of Writing and the Discontinuity of the Classical Tradition

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter D. Mignolo
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Case History ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
Discursive Formation ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archaeology Of Knowledge

When George Balandier proposed his theoretical approach to a colonial situation, the colonization of language was not an issue that piqued the interest of scholars in history, sociology, economics, or anthropology, which were the primary disciplines targeted in his article. When some fifteen years later Michel Foucault underlined the social and historical significance of language (‘l'énoncé*’) and discursive formation, the colonization of language was still not an issue to those attentive to the archaeology of knowledge. Such an archaeology, founded on the paradigmatic example generally understood as the Western tradition, overlooked the case history in which an archaeology of discursive formation would have led to the very root of the massive colonization of language which began in the sixteenth century with the expansion of the Spanish and Portuguese empires.

Where Does Niklas Luhmann’s Card Index Come From?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Cevolini
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Filing Cabinet ◽  
The Social ◽  
Enlightenment Project ◽  
Card Index ◽  
Social Use ◽  
The Mind

Thanks to a grant of the Nordrhein-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Künste, Bielefeld University has started a fifteen-year project (2015–2030) that includes the production of a critical edition of Niklas Luhmann’s extant works and manuscripts, as well as the digitalization of his famous card index. This valuable enterprise has rekindled interest in what many scholars hold to be a ‘holy grail’: a marvelous instrument that aided great creativity and scientific production by the German sociologist. Indeed, people feel that looking inside the filing cabinet is like looking inside the mind of a genius at work. This article suggests a different point of view, rooted in the Enlightenment project of the sociologist of Bielefeld. The main hypothesis is that in the use of a card index as a surprise generator, there is nothing particularly surprising if one considers the evolution of knowledge management in early modern Europe. Rather, the question should be: how it is possible to explain the evolutionary improbability of the social use of ‘machines’ as secondary memories for knowledge management and reproduction? This article provides some suggestions for research and tries to determine where Luhmann’s card index comes from.

scholarly journals Analysis of Accessibility to Family Health Centers in Antalya Using GIS

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 2442-2448
Author(s):  
Orhun Soydan
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
First Time

Family health centers in Turkey started to be implemented for the first time in Düzce in 2004 years within the scope of Law No. 5258. While determining the physical conditions of the places where family health centers are built, the first item in the regulation is that the building should be easily accessible. This situation shows the importance of the subject in terms of accessibility. While determining the features of the places where FHCs will be made, environmental characteristics are also taken into consideration. Environmental features are effective in determining the FHCs location in different ways. These impacts are divided into two groups: the physical features that pavements, roads and parks can include, and the social, cultural and institutional features of neighborhoods that include local social ties and collective activities. From this point of view, the importance of the location of family health centers relative to roads and houses is understood. The aim of this study is to examine the accessibility of Family Health Centers in Konyaaltı, Antalya, on a neighborhood basis using Geographic Information Systems. Konyaaltı has 21 Family Health Centers. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that most of the neighborhoods had problems in terms of accessibility, while a very few of them did not experience problems in terms of accessibility. In terms of the total number of buildings, the ratio of buildings that are 500 meters walking distance from any family health center by using highways is 35.56%. With these rates, 3,634 of the 10,2018 buildings remain within the limits of the regulation. Finally; suggestions were made to increase accessibility to these areas.

scholarly journals SOBRE ESTRATÉGIAS E DISPOSITIVOS NORMATIVOS EM FOUCAULT: CONSIDERAÇÕES DE MÉTODO - DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/rfd%20ufg.v40i2.44128

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Jean François Y Deluchey
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Analytic Framework ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Second Moment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Methodological Tool ◽  
Ways Of Life ◽  
Methodological Difficulties

Resumo: Neste artigo, busco refletir as potencialidades e dificuldades metodológicas relativas ao uso do “dispositivo” como ferramenta de investigação nas ciências sociais e sociais aplicadas. Sugiro pensar a relação entre dispositivos normativos e sujeitos de direito, a partir da analítica do poder de Michel Foucault, para quem o poder existe como feixe de relações dissimétricas coordenadas por estratégias que impactam os sujeitos em suas dimensões inter e intraindividuais. Para tanto, o uso do dispositivo – em especial no caso do dispositivo normativo – apresenta-se como importante ferramenta metodológica, na medida em que funciona como grade de análise das relações de poder, de identificação das estratégias e de seus efeitos nos sujeitos. Nas conclusões, observo que a identificação da estratégia de um dispositivo deve perpassar pela análise da lógica das relações que o compõem, para, em um segundo momento, ver de que forma e em que medida esta estratégia impacta as formas de vida dos atores que compõem o nosso campo de estudo.Abstract: In this article, I try to interrogate the potentialities and methodological difficulties related to the use of the "dispositive" as a tool for research in the social sciences and applied social. I suggest to think the relation between normative dispositives and subjects to law from the Michel Foucault´s analytics of power, philosopher for whom the power exists as a beam of dissymmetrical relations coordinated by strategies that impact the subjects in their dimensions inter and intraindividuals. The use of the dispositives – especially of the normative ones - presents itself as an important methodological tool, to the extent that works as analytic framework of power relations, identification of strategies and their effects on the subjects. Finally, I observe that the identification of a dispositive strategy should pass by analysis of the logic of relations that compose it, for, in a second moment, see how and to what extent this strategy impacts the ways of life of the actors that compose our field of study. 

On Customers and Costs: A Story from Public Sector Science

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Law ◽  
Madeleine Akrich
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
Scientific Laboratory ◽  
Good Seller

The ArgumentIn this we explore some of the ways in which a state scientific laboratory (Daresbury SERC) reacted to the rtetoric and forces of the marketpace in the 1980s. We describe laboratory attempts to create what we call “good customers” while converting itself into a “good seller” by developing a particulat set of costing practicting that were closely related to the implementation of a management accounting system. Finally, we consider how Daresbury response to “market forces” influenced scintific and organzational practice, and arsponse that the social technologies of governmentality performed by accountancy — but also by scientific and bureaucratic practice are complex, discursively heterogeneou, and used in context-sensitive ways. This means, or so we suggest, that it is difficult to mount general argunents about “science” and “the market,” and that the use of such large-scale institions impedes impedes analysis.

A Framework Describing the Relationships among Social Technologies and Social Capital Formation in Electronic Entrepreneurial Networking

2010 ◽  
pp. 1487-1501
Author(s):  
Kelly Burke ◽  
Jerry M. Calton
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Electronic Learning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Different Characteristics

E-commerce technologies—including online exchanges—focus heavily on transaction support. They are designed primarily to reduce transaction costs between suppliers, producers, distributors, and customers. Entrepreneurs however are not likely to realize the full business potential of ecommerce unless the transaction technologies are simultaneously supported by technology-enabled social learning networks used to stimulate the formation of social capital in its three primary manifestations. Toward that end this article argues that a number of Internet-based social technologies (e.g., email, chat, blogs, wikis, podcasts, etc.) can be used more effectively when it is understood that each technology offers different characteristics in support of the formation of different dimensions of social capital. This article presents a conceptual framework describing the capacities of various social technologies for supporting the formation of social capital. A primary thrust of the article is that alignment of a social technology infrastructure with the social capital requirements in entrepreneurial communities will facilitate the formation of electronic learning networks, enabling more collaborative and therefore more successful entrepreneurial communities.

A Framework Describing the Relationships among Social Technologies and Social Capital Formation in Electronic Entrepreneurial Networking

2011 ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Kelly Burke ◽  
Jerry M Calton
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Electronic Learning ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Different Characteristics

E-commerce technologies—including online exchanges—focus heavily on transaction support. They are designed primarily to reduce transaction costs between suppliers, producers, distributors, and customers. Entrepreneurs however are not likely to realize the full business potential of e-commerce unless the transaction technologies are simultaneously supported by technology-enabled social learning networks used to stimulate the formation of social capital in its three primary manifestations. Toward that end this article argues that a number of Internet-based social technologies (e.g., email, chat, blogs, wikis, podcasts, etc.) can be used more effectively when it is understood that each technology offers different characteristics in support of the formation of different dimensions of social capital. This article presents a conceptual framework describing the capacities of various social technologies for supporting the formation of social capital. A primary thrust of the article is that alignment of a social technology infrastructure with the social capital requirements in entrepreneurial communities will facilitate the formation of electronic learning networks, enabling more collaborative and therefore more successful entrepreneurial communities.

Faulty ‘tools’? Why social work scholarship needs to take a more critical approach to Michel Foucault

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Michael Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Coercive Power ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Micro Level

Summary Having outlined Foucault’s articulation of power and governmentality, the article critically explores attempts to translate the philosopher’s theorisation into social work. Findings After briefly referring to Jacques Donzelot’s work and that of other writers, it is argued that Foucault’s conceptual ‘tools’ are problematic for those seeking to promote critical approaches within the field of social work. Those influenced by Foucault’s complex contributions may amplify a defective understanding of power which unduly emphasises ‘soft’ power and neglects the continuing significance of hierarchical and coercive power. This is reflected in Foucault’s analysis of the state and, at a micro level, his remarks on sexualised interactions involving adults and children. Efforts to ‘apply’ Foucauldian reasoning within social work may also risk promoting politically passive forms of theory and practice. Applications Contributing to the discipline’s literature on Foucault, the article maintains the social work scholarship has much to gain by engaging with work, but this engagement might aspire to become more critical.

scholarly journals Vanishing Selves under Hong Kong’s Unified Screening Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pui Yan Flora Lau ◽  
Iulia Gheorghiu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
The Self ◽  
Political Asylum ◽  
Slow Pace ◽  
The Social ◽  
Total Institutions ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Abstract Drawing on Erving Goffman’s analysis of total institutions and his concept of mortification of the self, the present article deals with the process of identity construction and identity loss among refugees and asylum seekers in Hong Kong. We argue that the slow pace of processing of political asylum applications as well as the harsh restrictions imposed on rights to work and the minimal welfare provisions for refugees and asylum seekers in Hong Kong operate as means of isolating them from the broader society. Another consequence of these restrictive conditions becomes manifest in the loss of identity experienced by those who have been stuck in Hong Kong for many years waiting for their applications to be processed. Being unable to preserve the sense of identity they had in their countries of origin, they find themselves deprived of the social and institutional resorts necessary to forge a new one.

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