scholarly journals Application of deep learning algorithms and architectures in the new generation of mobile networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-426
Author(s):  
Dejan Dasic ◽  
Miljan Vucetic ◽  
Nemanja Ilic ◽  
Milos Stankovic ◽  
Marko Beko
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Network Control ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Modulation Classification ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
New Generation

Operators of modern mobile networks are faced with significant challenges in providing the requested level of service to an ever increasing number of user entities. Advanced machine learning techniques based on deep architectures and appropriate learning methods are recognized as promising ways of tackling the said challenges in many aspects of mobile networks, such as mobile data and mobility analysis, network control, network security and signal processing. Having firstly presented the background of deep learning and related technologies, the paper goes on to present the architectures used for deployment of deep learning in mobile networks. The paper continues with an overview of applications and services related to the new generation of mobile networks that employ deep learning methods. Finally, the paper presents practical use case of modulation classification as implementation of deep learning in an application essential for modern spectrum management. We complete this work by pinpointing future directions for research.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF WHALES USING DEEP LEARNING METHODS AND NEURAL NETWORKS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saheb Ghosh ◽  
Sathis Kumar B ◽  
Kathir Deivanai
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Extraction Model

Deep learning methods are a great machine learning technique which is mostly used in artificial neural networks for pattern recognition. This project is to identify the Whales from under water Bioacoustics network using an efficient algorithm and data model, so that location of the whales can be send to the Ships travelling in the same region in order to avoid collision with the whale or disturbing their natural habitat as much as possible. This paper shows application of unsupervised machine learning techniques with help of deep belief network and manual feature extraction model for better results.

scholarly journals Deep Learning for Computer Vision: A Brief Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Voulodimos ◽  
Nikolaos Doulamis ◽  
Anastasios Doulamis ◽  
Eftychios Protopapadakis
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Boltzmann Machines ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Previous State ◽  
Human Pose ◽  
Learning Schemes

Over the last years deep learning methods have been shown to outperform previous state-of-the-art machine learning techniques in several fields, with computer vision being one of the most prominent cases. This review paper provides a brief overview of some of the most significant deep learning schemes used in computer vision problems, that is, Convolutional Neural Networks, Deep Boltzmann Machines and Deep Belief Networks, and Stacked Denoising Autoencoders. A brief account of their history, structure, advantages, and limitations is given, followed by a description of their applications in various computer vision tasks, such as object detection, face recognition, action and activity recognition, and human pose estimation. Finally, a brief overview is given of future directions in designing deep learning schemes for computer vision problems and the challenges involved therein.

scholarly journals Survey on Applications of Deep Learning and Machine Learning Techniques for Cyber Security

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Future Direction

<p class="0abstract">The research aimed to conduct an extensive study of machine learning and deep learning methods in cybersecurity. To accomplish the objectives, the research carried out a qualitative study based on secondary data collection to review the available studies and literature. The research has examined three machine learning methods and three deep learning methods to study the most popular techniques used in cybersecurity. During the research, the working mechanism of each method was studied along with their strengths and weaknesses. Also, a comparative discussion has been made to examine the most effective method for cybersecurity. Limitations in the current literature were also identified, and future direction is also given to target and develop the weak areas of machine learning and deep learning methods.<em> </em><strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Recent Applications of Deep Learning Methods on Evolution- and Contact-Based Protein Structure Prediction

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6032
Author(s):  
Donghyuk Suh ◽  
Jai Woo Lee ◽  
Sun Choi ◽  
Yoonji Lee
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Protein Structure ◽  
Protein Structure Prediction ◽  
Structure Prediction ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Residue Contacts ◽  
Unknown Protein

The new advances in deep learning methods have influenced many aspects of scientific research, including the study of the protein system. The prediction of proteins’ 3D structural components is now heavily dependent on machine learning techniques that interpret how protein sequences and their homology govern the inter-residue contacts and structural organization. Especially, methods employing deep neural networks have had a significant impact on recent CASP13 and CASP14 competition. Here, we explore the recent applications of deep learning methods in the protein structure prediction area. We also look at the potential opportunities for deep learning methods to identify unknown protein structures and functions to be discovered and help guide drug–target interactions. Although significant problems still need to be addressed, we expect these techniques in the near future to play crucial roles in protein structural bioinformatics as well as in drug discovery.

Review on Anomaly Detection in Mobile Networks Using Traditional Learning, Machine Learning and Deep Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4789-4796
Author(s):  
T. S. Prabhakar ◽  
M. N. Veena
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Method ◽  
Learning Machine

Increasing usage of smart phones involves in the developing large amount of data and high speed internet is used for transfers this large amount of data. This in-turn gives rise to the development of various attacks to hack the data. Anomaly detection in the network analyzes the pattern in the network activity and found the abnormality in the network. The accurate detection of abnormality in network helps to prevent the attackers to steal the data. Many researches were conducted to improve the performance of anomaly detection in the mobile networks. Traditional methods results for performance of anomaly detection are not much effective. Machine learning techniques are used for the anomaly detection to increase the performance. The deep learning techniques are applied to increase the detection rate and decrease the false positive. Both the techniques machine learning uses k-means and Deep learning uses Artificial Neural Network method provides the considerable performance in anomaly detection.

scholarly journals A technical review and comparative analysis of machine learning techniques for intrusion detection systems in MANET

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2701
Author(s):  
Safaa Laqtib ◽  
Khalid El Yassini ◽  
Moulay Lahcen Hasnaoui
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Intrusion Detection System ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Intrusion Detection Systems ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Learning Techniques

Machine learning techniques are being widely used to develop an intrusion detection system (IDS) for detecting and classifying cyber attacks at the network-level and the host-level in a timely and automatic manner. However, Traditional Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), based on traditional machine learning methods, lacks reliability and accuracy. Instead of the traditional machine learning used in previous researches, we think deep learning has the potential to perform better in extracting features of massive data considering the massive cyber traffic in real life. Generally Mobile Ad Hoc Networks have given the low physical security for mobile devices, because of the properties such as node mobility, lack of centralized management and limited bandwidth. To tackle these security issues, traditional cryptography schemes can-not completely safeguard MANETs in terms of novel threats and vulnerabilities, thus by applying Deep learning methods techniques in IDS are capable of adapting the dynamic environments of MANETs and enables the system to make decisions on intrusion while continuing to learn about their mobile environment. An IDS in MANET is a sensoring mechanism that monitors nodes and network activities in order to detect malicious actions and malicious attempt performed by Intruders. Recently, multiple deep learning approaches have been proposed to enhance the performance of intrusion detection system. In this paper, we made a systematic comparison of three models, Inceprtion architecture convolutional neural network Inception-CNN, Bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) and deep belief network (DBN) on the deep learning-based intrusion detection systems, using the NSL-KDD dataset containing information about intrusion and regular network connections, the goal is to provide basic guidance on the choice of deep learning methods in MANET.

scholarly journals Auto-Colorization of Historical Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2258
Author(s):  
Madhab Raj Joshi ◽  
Lewis Nkenyereye ◽  
Gyanendra Prasad Joshi ◽  
S. M. Riazul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah-Al-Wadud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
User Study ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Global Features ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Historical Images ◽  
Learning Techniques

Enhancement of Cultural Heritage such as historical images is very crucial to safeguard the diversity of cultures. Automated colorization of black and white images has been subject to extensive research through computer vision and machine learning techniques. Our research addresses the problem of generating a plausible colored photograph of ancient, historically black, and white images of Nepal using deep learning techniques without direct human intervention. Motivated by the recent success of deep learning techniques in image processing, a feed-forward, deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in combination with Inception- ResnetV2 is being trained by sets of sample images using back-propagation to recognize the pattern in RGB and grayscale values. The trained neural network is then used to predict two a* and b* chroma channels given grayscale, L channel of test images. CNN vividly colorizes images with the help of the fusion layer accounting for local features as well as global features. Two objective functions, namely, Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), are employed for objective quality assessment between the estimated color image and its ground truth. The model is trained on the dataset created by ourselves with 1.2 K historical images comprised of old and ancient photographs of Nepal, each having 256 × 256 resolution. The loss i.e., MSE, PSNR, and accuracy of the model are found to be 6.08%, 34.65 dB, and 75.23%, respectively. Other than presenting the training results, the public acceptance or subjective validation of the generated images is assessed by means of a user study where the model shows 41.71% of naturalness while evaluating colorization results.

scholarly journals Detection and Severity Evaluation of Combined Rail Defects Using Deep Learning

Vibration ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-356
Author(s):  
Jessada Sresakoolchai ◽  
Sakdirat Kaewunruen
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Combined Defects

Various techniques have been developed to detect railway defects. One of the popular techniques is machine learning. This unprecedented study applies deep learning, which is a branch of machine learning techniques, to detect and evaluate the severity of rail combined defects. The combined defects in the study are settlement and dipped joint. Features used to detect and evaluate the severity of combined defects are axle box accelerations simulated using a verified rolling stock dynamic behavior simulation called D-Track. A total of 1650 simulations are run to generate numerical data. Deep learning techniques used in the study are deep neural network (DNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), and recurrent neural network (RNN). Simulated data are used in two ways: simplified data and raw data. Simplified data are used to develop the DNN model, while raw data are used to develop the CNN and RNN model. For simplified data, features are extracted from raw data, which are the weight of rolling stock, the speed of rolling stock, and three peak and bottom accelerations from two wheels of rolling stock. In total, there are 14 features used as simplified data for developing the DNN model. For raw data, time-domain accelerations are used directly to develop the CNN and RNN models without processing and data extraction. Hyperparameter tuning is performed to ensure that the performance of each model is optimized. Grid search is used for performing hyperparameter tuning. To detect the combined defects, the study proposes two approaches. The first approach uses one model to detect settlement and dipped joint, and the second approach uses two models to detect settlement and dipped joint separately. The results show that the CNN models of both approaches provide the same accuracy of 99%, so one model is good enough to detect settlement and dipped joint. To evaluate the severity of the combined defects, the study applies classification and regression concepts. Classification is used to evaluate the severity by categorizing defects into light, medium, and severe classes, and regression is used to estimate the size of defects. From the study, the CNN model is suitable for evaluating dipped joint severity with an accuracy of 84% and mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.25 mm, and the RNN model is suitable for evaluating settlement severity with an accuracy of 99% and mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.58 mm.

scholarly journals A Survey of Deep Learning Techniques for Cybersecurity in Mobile Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Eva Rodriguez ◽  
Beatriz Otero ◽  
Norma Gutierrez ◽  
Ramon Canal
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Learning Techniques
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