scholarly journals Assessment of functional disability and quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 524-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Mustur ◽  
Vladislava Vesovic-Potic ◽  
Dejana Stanisavljevic ◽  
Tatjana Ille ◽  
Mihailo Ille
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Physical Role ◽  
Sf 36

Introduction Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic progressive autoimmune inflammatory disorder involving mainly the axial skeleton and larger peripheral joints that progressively limits spinal mobility and may lead to irreversible structural changes and consequently to impaired physical function and reduced quality of life. Objective The aim of this study was to assess functional disability and quality of life of patients with ankylosing spondylitis and determine the correlation between functional disability and quality of life. Methods The study enrolled 74 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (16 females and 58 males). The demographic data of the patients were collected. Functional disability was assessed with the Bath Ankylosing Functional Index (BASFI). Quality of life was assessed by the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and the European Quality of Life Questionnaire (EuroQoL/EQ-5D). Results In our study, the mean age was 48.5?10.3 years. BASFI was negatively correlated with the SF-36 physical function subscale (p<0.001), physical role (p=0.002), bodily pain (p=0.003), general health (p<0.001), vitality (p=0.012) and mental health (p=0.010) subscale. There was a significantly inverse correlation between the BASFI score and the rating scale of EQ-5D (p=0.001). In the regression model, the BASFI score (p=0.000) showed an independent association with the physical function domain of SF-36. Conclusion In conclusion, the BASFI index was associated with physical function, physical role, bodily pain, general health, vitality and mental health domains of SF-36 and also with the rating scale of EQ-5D.

scholarly journals THU0460 PHYSICAL FITNESS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN WOMEN WITH FIBROMYALGIA: LONGITUDINAL ANALYSES FROM THE AL-ÁNDALUS PROJECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 466.1-467
Author(s):  
B. Gavilán Carrera ◽  
I. C. Alvarez-Gallardo ◽  
M. Borges Cosic ◽  
A. Soriano Maldonado ◽  
M. Delgado-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Component Summary ◽  
General Health ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Physical Role ◽  
Over Time

Background:Optimizing the highly deteriorated quality of life (QoL) of patients with fibromyalgia is one of the main goals in the management of the disease1. Physical fitness has been identified as a powerful marker of health that is positively related to QoL in this population2, although previous evidence is mainly based on cross-sectional data.Objectives:This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations (2- and 5-year follow-up) between physical fitness and QoL in women with fibromyalgia.Methods:In this prospective cohort study, women diagnosed with fibromyalgia (age: 51.3±7.6 years) with completed data were included at baseline (n=441), at 2-year follow-up (n=220) and at 5-year follow-up (n=227). The Senior Fitness Tests battery was used to assess physical fitness components and a standardized global fitness index was calculated. The eight dimensions plus the two physical and mental component summaries of the Short-Form health survey-36 questionnaire were used to assess QoL. To examine whether changes in fitness predicted QoL at follow-up, multiple linear regression models were built. The bidirectionallity of the associations (whether changes in QoL predicted fitness at follow-up) was also tested. Outcome values at baseline and age, fat percentage, analgesic consumption, educational level, and occupational status at follow-up were entered as potential confounders in all analyses.Results:Changes in fitness were associated with physical function (β=0.160), physical role (β=0.275), bodily pain (β=0.271), general health (β=0.144), and physical component summary (β=0.276) at 2-year follow-up (all,P<0.05) and with changes in physical role (β=0.215) and physical component summary (β=0.135) at 5-year follow-up (all,P<0.05). Changes in physical function (β=0.165), physical role (β=0.230), bodily pain (β=0.230), general health (β=0.130) and physical summary component (β=0.251) were associated with fitness at 2-year follow-up (all,P<0.05). Changes in all dimensions of QoL (β rating from 0.113 to 0.198), as well as the physical (β=0.174) and mental (β=0.164) summary components were associated with fitness at 5-year follow-up (all,P<0.05).Conclusion:Increasing levels of physical fitness over time predicts future QoL in women with fibromyalgia, especially for physical domains at 2-year follow-up. In addition, increasing QoL across all domains over time predicts future global fitness at 2- and, specially, 5-year follow-up. Future research is warranted to determine the clinical relevance of the bidirectional association between physical fitness and QoL in fibromyalgia.References:[1]Macfarlane GJ, et al. Ann Rheum Dis, 2018; 76(2), 318-328.[2]Álvarez-Gallardo IC, et al. 2019;99:1481–1494.Acknowledgments:This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (I+D+i DEP2010-15639; I+D+I DEP2013-40908-R; BES-2014-067612) and the Spanish Ministry of Education (FPU14/FPU 15/00002)Disclosure of Interests: :None declared

scholarly journals QUALITY OF LIFE IN DEPRESSIVE PATIENTS FOLLOWED IN PSYCHOLOGY AND IN PSYCHIATRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Sandrine Martins Antunes ◽  
Lisete Dos Santos Mendes Monico
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Role Emotional ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Depressive Patients

Abstract.This study aims to analyze and compare the Quality of Life in patients followed exclusively in Psychiatry and in patients followed exclusively in Psychology. Took part of the study 60 patients of both genders with depressive symptomatology and no other clinical diagnosis (exclusion criteria), 30 being exclusively followed at hospital psychiatric consultations and 30 exclusively followed in psychology consultations. After informed consent, we used the Quality of Life questionnaire (SF-36; Ware & Sherbourne, 1992), which showed good psychometric properties in its nine domains: Physical Function, Physical Performance, Body Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional, Mental Health, and Health Change. We found that the patients followed in Psychology showed a better quality of life in Emotional and Physical Performance, as well as in Mental Health. Men expressed a similar quality of life to women, except in the field of Physical Function, higher in males. Single patients had better in Role Emotional and Mental Health, when compared to divorced and widowed. The results are discussed considering the benefits of psychological therapy in improving the quality of life of depressed patients.Keywords: Quality of life; Patients; Psychology; Psychiatry.Resumo.O presente estudo pretende analisar e comparar a Qualidade de Vida em pacientes exclusivamente acompanhados em consultas psiquiatria e em pacientes exclusivamente acompanhados em consultas de psicologia. Participaram no estudo 60 pacientes de ambos os sexos com sintomatologia depressiva e sem outro quadro clínico diagnosticado (critério de exclusão), sendo 30 exclusivamente acompanhados em consultas hospitalares de psiquiatria e 30 exclusivamente acompanhados em consultas de psicologia. Após consentimento informado, aplicámos o Questionário da Qualidade de Vida (SF-36; Ware & Sherbourne, 1992), que mostrou boas propriedades psicométricas nos nove domínios constituintes: Função física, Desempenho físico, Dor corporal, Saúde geral, Vitalidade, Função Social, Desempenho emocional, Saúde mental e Mudança de Saúde. Verificámos que os pacientes acompanhados em Psicologia mostraram uma melhor Qualidade de Vida ao nível dos domínios Desempenho emocional, Desempenho físico e Saúde mental. Os homens manifestaram uma Qualidade de Vida semelhante à das mulheres, excepto no domínio da Função física, superior no sexo masculino. Os pacientes solteiros apresentaram melhores Desempenho emocional e Saúde mental comparativamente aos divorciados e aos viúvos. Os resultados são discutidos numa abordagem dos benefícios da terapia psicológica na melhoria da qualidade de vida em doentes deprimidos.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de Vida; Pacientes; Psicologia; Psiquiatria

Abstract P428: Effects of Tai Chi on Physical Function and Quality of Life in Chronic Stroke

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth E Taylor-Piliae ◽  
Tiffany M Hoke ◽  
Joseph T Hepworth ◽  
L. Daniel Latt ◽  
Bijan Najafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Fall Rates

Background: Poor physical function and quality of life are ubiquitous post-stroke. Effective interventions to improve physical function and quality of life for stroke survivors are critically needed. Objective: Examine the effect of a Tai Chi (TC) intervention on physical function and quality of life. Methods: In a single-blind randomized clinical trial community-dwelling stroke survivors, aged ≥ 50 years and ≥ 3 months post-stroke, were assigned to: Yang style 24-posture TC (n=53), SilverSneakers® (SS, n=44) strength and range of movement exercise, or Usual Care (UC, n=48) for 12 weeks. TC and SS attended a 1-hour class 3 times/week, while UC had weekly phone calls. Standardized measures for Physical Function were the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Fall Rates and 2-Minute StepTest; and for Quality of Life were the Medical Outcomes Study SF-36, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results: A total of 145 stroke survivors (47% women, mean age=70 years, time post-stroke=3 years, ischemic stroke=66%, hemiparesis=73%) enrolled. During the intervention, TC participants had 2/3 fewer falls (n=5 falls), than the SS (n=14 falls) and UC (n=15 falls) groups (χ2=5.60, p=0.06). All groups had improvements in the SPPB score (F 1,142 =85.29, p<0.01), after the 12-week intervention. Post-hoc tests following a significant interaction for the 2-Minute StepTest (F 2,142 =4.69, p<0.01) indicated TC (t 53 =2.45, p=0.02) and SS (t 44 =4.63, p<0.01) groups had significantly better aerobic endurance over time, though the UC group did not (t 48 =1.58, p=0.12). All groups reported better perceived physical (SF-36 PCS, F 1,142 =4.15, p=0.04) and mental health (SF-36 MCS, F 1,142 =15.60, p<0.01), after the intervention. There were no significant within group changes in perceived physical health (p>0.05), while significant improvements in perceived mental health (p < 0.05) were observed within all groups. No significant changes in depressive symptoms or sleep quality were observed (p>0.05). Attrition was 10% (n=14), and intervention adherence rates were 85%. Conclusions: Goals of stroke rehabilitation are to prevent disability, improve physical function and quality of life. TC and SS led to improved aerobic endurance, and both are suitable community-based programs that may aid in stroke recovery and community reintegration. Our data suggest that a 12-week TC intervention may be more effective in reducing fall rates than SS or UC. Future studies examining the effectiveness of TC to reduce fall rates; and improve physical function and quality of life for community-dwelling stroke survivors are recommended.

Functional Disability Among Systemic Sclerosis Patients: Relation to Disease Characteristics and Quality of Life Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabab S. Zaghlol ◽  
Ghada A. Dawa ◽  
Wafaa K. Makarm
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sf 36

Background: Disability in patients with scleroderma (SSc) has been associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in all dimensions, including physical, psychological, and social dimensions. Objective: This study was conducted to examine different factors that may be associated with functional disability and poor HRQoL, with the aim of targeting these factors in the future to improve physical activity, functional outcomes, and HRQoL. Methods: A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 38 patients with SSc to compare characteristics between patients with and without disability using the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form–36 (SF-36). Linear regressions were performed to examine variables contributing to functional disability. Results: Almost 65.78% (n = 25) of patients in the study group reported functional disability. The presence of functional disability was associated with reduced HRQoL, as reflected by physical function (P = 0.0001), physical role (P = 0.016), bodily pain (P = 0.001), general health (P = 0.002), social functional (P = 0.002), emotional role (P = 0.042), and mental health (P = 0.025) domains of the SF-36 score. Multiple linear regression indicated that the main predictive factors associated with HAQ-DI were the modified Hand Mobility in Scleroderma; modified Rodnan skin score; DIstance walked in 6 minutes, BOrg dyspnea index, and SAturation of oxygen at 6 minutes (DIBOSA); and Fatigue Severity Scale among patients with SSc. Conclusion: In patients with SSc, recognizing the relationships between clinical findings and functional disability will allow the development of further management strategies to minimize disease severity and enhance HRQoL.

Relationship between whole-body tumor burden and quality of life in patients with neurofibromatosis.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6136-6136
Author(s):  
Scott Randall Plotkin ◽  
Vanessa L. Merker ◽  
Miriam A. Bredella ◽  
Wenli Cai ◽  
Ara Kassarjian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Physical Role ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Sf 36

6136 Background: NF1, NF2, and schwannomatosis are a group of related genetic disorders in which affected individuals share the predisposition to develop multiple nerve sheath tumors. While previous studies have investigated the relationship between cutaneous tumor burden and quality of life, the relation between internal tumors and quality of life is unknown. Methods: As part of an IRB-approved research study, we performed whole-body MRI and administered the short form (SF)-36 to 245 adult subjects with NF. The number and location of internal nerve sheath tumors in each patient was identified by a board-certified radiologist and tumor volume was calculated using semi-automated volumetric analysis. One sample t-tests were used to compare subjects’ SF-36 scores to general population means. Independent linear regression analyses controlling for age and gender effects were used to relate whole-body tumor count, volume, and distribution (via Gini coefficient) to each domain of the SF-36. Results: 245 patients (142 with NF1, 53 with NF2, 50 with schwannomatosis) completed the study. On the SF-36, subjects with NF1 showed reduced quality of life in the physical role, emotional role, and mental health domains compared to the normal population (p<0.05). Subjects with NF2 showed reductions in the physical functioning, physical role, general health, and social functioning domains while subjects with schwannomatosis showed reductions in the physical role and bodily pain domains (p<0.05). In linear regression analysis, increased tumor number, increased tumor volume, and decreased Gini coefficient were correlated with decreased physical functioning in patients with NF2 (p<0.01). There was also a trend for increasing tumor volume to be correlated with decreased physical role and increased bodily pain in patients with NF1 and with increased bodily pain in patients with schwannomatosis (p<0.10). Conclusions: In our multi-institutional cohort, patients with all forms of neurofibromatosis show selected deficits in quality of life. Internal tumor burden does not correlate with these deficits, with the exception of physical function in NF2 patients.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Quality of Life of Elderly People with Frailty and Parkinsonism under the Influence of Physical Therapy in the Postimmobilization Period after Radial Bone Fracture in a Typical Place

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-287
Author(s):  
Ostapyak Z. M. ◽  
◽  
Starodubtsev S. G. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Radial Bone ◽  
Group 1

In old age, due to the spread of age-related diseases, there are changes in the functioning of many organs and systems due to and against the background of polymorbidity, which affects the quality of life and requires correction. The purpose of the study was to determine the dynamics of the quality of life of elderly people with frailty and parkinsonism under the influence of physical therapy in the post-immobilization period after fracture of the radial bone in a typical place. Material and methods. We examined 27 elderly people with frailty and Parkinson's disease in the early postimmobilization period after fracture of the distal metaepiphysis of the radial bone (in a typical place). Group 1 engaged in the principles of outpatient rehabilitation with a predominance of preformed physical factors and group 2 engaged in a developed program of physical therapy, created in terms of patient-centric model of rehabilitation taking into account the specifics of each polymorbid condition using functional body training, massage, nutrition correction, expansion of social activity. The effectiveness of the program was evaluated in the dynamics before and after a month of implementation based on the results of the comparison of quality of life on the questionnaire "Medical outcomes study short form" (SF-36). 36 points were grouped into eight scales: Physical health: Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health and Mental Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role-Emotional. Results and discussion. At the initial examination the examined people revealed a significant decrease in the results of all scales of physical and mental components of the quality of life of the questionnaire SF-36. The parameters of both groups did not differ statistically significantly (p> 0.05). At retesting, the difference between the results of the physical component of health in the primary and re-study on the physical functioning scale for individuals in group 1 was 18.9%, group 2 – 29.0%, role-physical – 19.8% and 35.5%, respectively, bodily pain – 12.3% and 33.1%, general health – 25.8% and 30.1%. The improvement of the mental component compared to the initial result on the vitality scales in patients of group 1 was 14,0%, group 2 – 27,4%, social functioning – 17,5% and 41,3%, respectively, role-emotional – 15,0% and 23,8%, mental health – 20,5% and 30,2%. The results of testing on all scales were statistically significantly better in individuals of group 1 compared with the result of group 2 (p <0,05). Conclusion. Elderly patients with polymorbid pathology and traumatic bone injuries require the development of pathogenetically based physical therapy programs taking into account and correcting the specifics of each disease, increases the overall effectiveness of rehabilitation and, consequently, quality of life

A nxiety and depression influence the relation between disability status and quality of life in multiple sclerosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
A CJW Janssens ◽  
P A van Doorn ◽  
J B de Boer ◽  
N F Kalkers ◽  
F GA van der Meché ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Disability Status

Disability status, depression and anxiety are important determinants of quality of life (Q oL) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated whether anxiety and depression influence the relation between disability status and Q oL in our cohort of recently diagnosed patients. Disability status [Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)], anxiety and depression [Hospital A nxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)], and Q oL (SF-36) were prospectively obtained in 101 MS patients. The relation between EDSS and SF-36 scales was examined using regression analyses, without and with adjustment for anxiety and depression. Interaction effects were investigated by comparing the relation between EDSS and Q oL in patients with high and low anxiety and depression. In the unadjusted analyses, EDSS was significantly related to all SF-36 physical and mental health scales. A fter adjustment for anxiety and depression, EDSS was significantly related only to the SF-36 physical functioning, role-physical functioning and bodily pain scales. The relation between EDSS and these SF-36 scales was consistently higher in patients with more symptoms of anxiety or depression, suggesting that anxiety and depression strengthened the association of EDSS in these SF-36 physical health scales. A fter adjustment for anxiety and depression, EDSS was not significantly related to the SF-36 mental health scales and the general health scale. This finding is compatible with the hypothesis that anxiety and depression are intermediate factors in the association of EDSS with these SF-36 scales. Screening for symptoms of anxiety and depression is recommended in studies that use Q oL as an outcome measure of treatment or intervention efficacy.

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Functional Health Status of Long-Term Meditators

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Manocha ◽  
Deborah Black ◽  
Leigh Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
General Health ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Role Limitation ◽  
Yoga Meditation

Background. There is very little data describing the long-term health impacts of meditation.Aim. To compare the quality of life and functional health of long-term meditators to that of the normative population in Australia.Method. Using the SF-36 questionnaire and a Meditation Lifestyle Survey, we sampled 343 long-term Australian Sahaja Yoga meditation practitioners and compared their scores to those of the normative Australian population.Results. Six SF-36 subscales (bodily pain, general health, mental health, role limitation—emotional, social functioning, and vitality) were significantly better in meditators compared to the national norms whereas two of the subscales (role limitation—physical, physical functioning) were not significantly different. A substantial correlation between frequency of mental silence experience and the vitality, general health, and especially mental health subscales (P<0.005) was found.Conclusion. Long-term practitioners of Sahaja yoga meditation experience better functional health, especially mental health, compared to the general population. A relationship between functional health, especially mental health, and the frequency of meditativeexperience(mental silence) exists that may be causal. Evidence for the potential role of this definition of meditation in enhancing quality of life, functional health and wellbeing is growing. Implications for primary mental health prevention are discussed.

scholarly journals Changes in the health status and functional outcomes in acute traumatic hand injury patients, during physical therapy treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (02) ◽  
pp. 362-367
Author(s):  
Rebecca John ◽  
Chhaya V. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Hand Injury ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Traumatic Hand Injury

ABSTRACT Introduction: Traumatic hand injury causes chronic disability. A large number of studies have reported impairments in clinical parameters, but few studies have described their disability experience. Aims To examine the functional disability and quality of life in traumatic hand injured patients receiving physical therapy. Settings and Design: The physiotherapy department in a multi-specialty public sector hospital. Convenient sampling method was used. Materials and Methods: The 36-item short-form health survey–MOS (SF-36, v2) and disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire were obtained and subjects were given physiotherapy, accordingly to their condition. Questionnaires were re-administered every month till discharge. Statistical Analysis Used: A One-way ANOVA test. Results: At end of 6 months, among eight subscales of SF-36, there is improvement in mean scores of physical functioning (39.1%). The bodily pain, general health, vitality, social function, and mental health had more than 100% improvement. DASH showed regression in disability (50.8%). Conclusions: Measuring quality of life (QOL) can provide detailed assessment of physical disability and treatment effects as well as the global impact of those effects on the person's daily life. Hence, the use of self-report questionnaires such as DASH and SF-36, combined with physical performance score, helps to achieve more comprehensive evaluation of outcome.

Scoring Mental Health Quality of Life With the SF-36 in Patients With and Without Diabetes Foot Complications

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junho Ahn ◽  
Michael A. Del Core ◽  
Dane K. Wukich ◽  
George T. Liu ◽  
Trapper Lalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Complications ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Mental Health Subscale

The aim of this study was to examine if using orthogonal and oblique factor analysis detect changes in health-related quality of life differently in diabetic patients on the Short Form-36 (SF-36) survey. A total of 155 patients had diabetic foot complications (DFC), and 145 patients had no DFCs. The SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores were calculated using scoring coefficients determined by orthogonal and oblique rotation principle component analyses of the subscales. The DFC group had lower orthogonal ( P < .00001) and oblique PCS scores ( P < .00001). However, despite lower Mental Health subscale scores in the patients with DFCs, orthogonal MCS scores ( P = .156) did not differ. In contrast, the oblique MCS scores reflected the difference in the Mental Health subscale ( P = .0005). Orthogonal and oblique PCS scores did not differ significantly. However, orthogonal MCS scores were significantly higher than oblique MCS scores in those with DFCs ( P = .0004) and without DFCs ( P = .005). The shorter, 12-item SF-12 survey demonstrated similar results. Poorer physical function leads to higher orthogonal MCS scores than if determined by oblique scoring coefficients since Physical Function, Bodily Pain, and General Health are weighted more negatively in orthogonal coefficients when calculating the MCS score. Oblique scoring coefficients may address this issue, but further study is necessary to confirm whether oblique MCS scores accurately represent the mental health of patients with diabetic foot disease.

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