scholarly journals Elevated body mass index and fatty liver

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 122-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Marovic
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Elevated Body Mass Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Introduction Obesity and overweight, expressed by elevated Body Mass Index (BMI), result from excessive consumption of fatty food and carbohydrates above the body needs. The fat from the blood, through free fatty acids, is taken directly into the liver. Objective The aim of this study was to examine correlation among the accepted ultrasonography findings of the fatty liver and the normal ultrasonography findings and the elevated average level of BMI and those with normal BMI in examinees in one investigation. All was done aimed at proving that the BMI is one of the direct factors of the increased occurence of fatty liver. METHOD The method of the investigation consisted of anthropometric measuring of height and weight on the basis of which there were established BMI values. Consequently, the examinees were divided in two groups: one with normal BMI (under 24.9 kg/m2) and the other with increased BMI (over 25 kg/m2). Fatty liver was diagnosed when the liver of the examinees was observed by ultrasonography. Thus there were given subgroups of the examinees, one with the findings of fatty liver and the second with a normal finding, without changes. After that, the obtained results were statistically analysed. Results It was found that the average level of BMI in the examinees was by two units higher in the subgroup with ultrasonography findings of fatty liver than the average value of BMI in the subgroup with the normal ultrasonography findings of the liver. The difference was tested by the Student's t-test and a significant difference was found. The difference in frequencies of the appearance of the finding of fatty liver in the subgroups was tested by ?2-test. A statistically significant difference was found in frequencies of the appearance of fatty liver in the subgroup with the increased value of BMI. Conclusion The increased BMI, which is represented by overweight and obesity, is one of the direct risk factors which cause fatty liver, checked by the US findings. Fatty liver can later progress to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). .

scholarly journals TRAUMATIC DISEASE PECULIARITIES COURSE, ITS DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT AT POLYTRAUMA IN SUFFER OBESE PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
S.D. Khimich ◽  
O. M. Chemerys
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Abstract Introduction. It’s known that the issue of polytrauma is one of the most urgent problems of surgery, and among injured patients a special approach is required for patients with overweight and obesity of varying degrees. Purpose of the study. To study prognostic features of traumatic disease course and to improve the results of diagnostics and surgical treatment of patients with polytrauma suffer obesity. Materials and methods. Clinical material was made up of 106 patients with combined body trauma, which were divided into three groups according to body mass index. Results. The results of the research showed a significant difference in the course of traumatic disease in patients with normal body weight and obesity. In particular, in the process of diagnostics of blunt chest and abdominal trauma the frequency of application of interventional methods of diagnostics was directly proportional to the increase of body mass index. The course of traumatic disease in the obese patients had a number of characteristic features that formed the basis for the development of diagnostics and differential program of treatment. Conclusions. The results of the research showed that the course of traumatic disease in combined injury obese patients is directly proportional to the body mass index and has certain features that differentiate them from patients with normal body weight. Keywords: polytrauma, obesity, traumatic disease, diagnostics, treatment.

scholarly journals Nutrition, physical activity and lifestyle as important indicators for the body mass index in high school students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Lorik Ramaj ◽  
Sadete Hasani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the problems of underweight, overweight and obesity in young people of high school in Drenas, respectively a sample of 150 adolescents (73 males and 77 females aged 17 years). The research was conducted in the physical education class, initially was performed measurement of weight and height then the questionnaire with 26 questions. Data were collected with the statistical program SPSS version 21.0, descriptive analysis was performed with (Mean and standard deviation), all variables were tested for normality, significant level (significant level p <0.05). Results of anthropometric characteristics, the average age was 17.2 years. Weight / kg for men was 59.4 kg for women 57.3kg the average for both genders was 58.3 (± 6.2) kg. Height / cm  males 1.68cm,  females 1.61cm the average of both genders was 1.64 (± 6.6) cm. BMI body mass index kg / m² in men 21.0, women 22.1, the average of both sexes 21.55 kg / m5. The results show that men have lower BMI (p> 0.05) 21.55 kg / m² than girls with 22.1 kg / m². Data showed underweight males are 12%, and females 10%. BMI Normal male 74%, and female 69%. Overweight males 11%, females 13% while a significant difference was observed between obese boys and girls (obese) males 3% and females 8%. The analysis of the questionnaire showed that small percentages are involved in collective or individual sports, the most pronounced participation in sports was identified: football, volleyball and basketball, and relatively satisfactory were physical activity in household activities. It is recommended to build outdoor fitness and sports gyms, as well as the opening of various sports clubs in this area, and to have more research in this area, to prove the institucions how important are places for sport and physical activities.

scholarly journals Analysis of anaerobic performance and the Body Mass Index measure of adolescents from different areas of Andalusian region (Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A De la Cruz-Campos ◽  
FL Pestaña-Melero ◽  
N Rico-Castro ◽  
JC De la Cruz-Campos ◽  
MB Cueto-Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To analyze the behavior of the average height of jumps according to the Body Mass Index, and the sex of subjects, and to find significant differences between the variables measured in the anaerobic test of Counter Movement Jump test over 10 s and 60 s in adolescents according to place of residence. Method: We selected a huge sample of subjects to different places of residence and we categorized them in three levels; Urban – Interior, Urban – Coast and Rural – Interior. Their corporal composition were measured and analyzed, with this analysis we calculated the Body Mass Index, and categorized them by Body Mass Status (Underweight <18.5; Normal Weight 18.5–24.9; Overweight 25–29.9 and Obesity +30). Then, we measured the Jump 10 s. The next day, the Jump 60 s was measured, finding the anaerobic alactic and anaerobic lactic parameters. Results: The highest percentages of overweight and obesity (20.23%) were found in a Rural – Interior area, however, these have in turn the lowest percentages of underweight (10.66%). In the Counter Movement Jump test were not found significant difference in the measured obtained between subjects of Urban – Interior and Urban – Coast areas, but we found significant difference in the remaining comparisons. Conclusions: The significant difference in anaerobic values measured in adolescents, only reside purely in urban and rural areas, rejecting so a possible differentiation from the coast areas.

scholarly journals Protein-energetic malnutrition as a predictor of mortality in patients on haemodialysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 573-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radojica Stolic ◽  
Goran Trajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Survival Rate ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Outpatient Program ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinical Centre ◽  
The Difference

Introduction. Malnutrition in patients on haemodialysis represents an important factor of mortality. The aim of the study was to estimate the influence and predictive significance of malnutrition on mortality of patients on haemodialysis. Material and methods. There were analyzed the outcomes of treatment of patients on outpatient program of haemodialysis who were hospitalized in Clinical Centre 'Kragujevac' for different reasons. The study included the analysis of demographic characteristics, duration of dialysis, body mass index, indications for hospitalization, result of the treatment and biochemical parameters. Results. 39.2% of the examined patients had the elements of protein-energetic malnutrition; 36.8% of patients with malnutrition died; the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p=0.0006) regarding the results of treatment. Statistically significant difference(p<0.0001) was also obtained concerning the body mass index with its value of 17.1?1.55 kg/m2 in patients with malnutrition. Cardiovascular diseases were statistically more common in patients with malnutrition (p=0.037). In correlation of the group of patients with and the group without malnutrition a statistically significant difference in number of erythrocytes was found (2.87?0.71 vs. 3.26?0,5 x 1012; p=0.04), concentration of hemoglobin (85?15.7 vs. 104?15.7; p<0.0001), level of creatinin (874?229.3 vs. 998?237.8 ?mol/L; p=0.04), total proteins (66.5?5.4 vs. 70?4.47 g/L; p=0.001), albumin (30?3.7 vs. 38?4.38; p<0.0001), total cholesterol (3.05?1.14 vs. 4.31?1.2 mmol/L; p<0.0001), C-reactive protein (9.5?6.8 vs. 2.9?5.09 mg/L; p<0.0001) and concentration of fibrinogen (4.96?0.91 vs. 4.22?0.91 ?mol/L p=0.001). Survival time in patients with malnutrition was statistically shorter - 18 months (p<0.0001). Conclusions. A third of the examined patients in our study were malnourished with lower survival rate. More than two thirds of patients with malnutrition died.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BREAKFAST SKIPPING ON BODY MASS INDEX ADOLESCENT UNIVERSITY GIRLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Dr. Noor fatima ◽  
Dr. Zirwa Noor ◽  
Swaira Shafique
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Food Motivation ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE:  Breakfast is considered as important meal of the day and it should provide 25 % of total energy intake including all five food groups. Breakfast skipping is common in adolescents and it is associated with changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) and cognitive abilities. Breakfast skipping enhances appetite throughout the remaining day which leads to over eating resulting in overweight and obesity. Addition of breakfast is useful plan of action to improve satiety, reduced food motivation and improve diet quality. Eating breakfast regularly has association between both with less mental distress and healthy life style. For this purpose, this study was designed to determine the prevalence of breakfast skipping in adolescent’s university girls and its effect on their Body Mass Index (BMI).  METHODOLOGY: For the current research, 200 individuals were selected from different departments of The University of Faisalabad. Questionnaire was developed and height, weight and dietary history were measured. The data obtained from the study was tabulated and statistically analyzed by applying Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD). RESULTS: Skipping of breakfast has significant effect on increasing the Body Mass Index (BMI) in university adolescent girls. CONCLUSION: Breakfast skipping resulted in increased BMI in university adolescent girls.  

scholarly journals The Association of Obesity and Liver Enzyme Activities in a Student Population at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease / Veza Između Gojaznosti I Aktivnosti Jetrenih Enzima U Studentskoj Populaciji Sa Povećanim Rizikom Za Nastanak Kardiovaskularnih Bolesti

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Ivana Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Summary Background: It has been reported that obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk but also with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of liver enzymes: AST, ALT and γGT in a group of obese students in order to establish their correlation to anthropometric parameters such as: BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) compared to non-obese students who comprised the control group (CG). Methods: In this study, 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women) with a mean age of 22.32 ± 1.85 years were included. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) lower and higher than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the obese group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). AST, ALT and γGT activities were determined in fasting blood samples. Results: Statistical processing data revealed significantly higher values of AST, ALT and γGT in the group of students with BMI>25 kg/m2, WC>94 cm for males and WC>80 cm for females, HC>108 cm for males and HC>111 cm for females, and WHR>0.90 for males and WHR>0.80 for females (P<0.001). Significant association was established between anthropometric parameters and liver enzyme levels (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Obese students with higher BMI, WC, HC and WHR values have higher liver enzyme activites and a higher chance to develop NAFLD in the future.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Age-Based Formula to Predict the Size and Depth of Cuffed Oral Preformed Endotracheal Tubes in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132098051
Author(s):  
Matula Tareerath ◽  
Peerachatra Mangmeesri
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Endotracheal Tubes ◽  
Endotracheal Tube Size ◽  
Actual Size

Objectives: To retrospectively investigate the reliability of the age-based formula, year/4 + 3.5 mm in predicting size and year/2 + 12 cm in predicting insertion depth of preformed endotracheal tubes in children and correlate these data with the body mass index. Patients and Methods: Patients were classified into 4 groups according to their nutritional status: thinness, normal weight, overweight, and obesity; we then retrospectively compared the actual size of endotracheal tube and insertion depth to the predicting age-based formula and to the respective bend-to-tip distance of the used preformed tubes. Results: Altogether, 300 patients were included. The actual endotracheal tube size corresponded with the Motoyama formula (64.7%, 90% CI: 60.0-69.1), except for thin patients, where the calculated size was too large (0.5 mm). The insertion depth could be predicted within the range of the bend-to-tip distance and age-based formula in 85.0% (90% CI: 81.3-88.0) of patients. Conclusion: Prediction of the size of cuffed preformed endotracheal tubes using the formula of Motoyama was accurate in most patients, except in thin patients (body mass index < −2 SD). The insertion depth of the tubes was mostly in the range of the age-based-formula to the bend-to-tip distance.

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of atrial fibrillation stratified by body mass index: a nationwide population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Ryoung Lee ◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
Eue-Keun Choi ◽  
Seil Oh ◽  
Gregory Y. H. Lip
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe evaluated the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) and analyzed the impact of NAFLD on AF risk in relation to body mass index (BMI). A total of 8,048,055 subjects without significant liver disease who were available fatty liver index (FLI) values were included. Subjects were categorized into 3 groups based on FLI: < 30, 30 to < 60, and ≥ 60. During a median 8-year of follow-up, 534,442 subjects were newly diagnosed as AF (8.27 per 1000 person-years). Higher FLI was associated with an increased risk of AF (hazard ratio [HR] 1.053, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.046–1.060 in 30 ≤ FLI < 60, and HR 1.115, 95% CI 1.106–1.125 in FLI ≥ 60). In underweight subjects (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), higher FLI raised the risk of AF (by 1.6-fold in 30 ≤ FLI < 60 and by twofold in FLI ≥ 60). In normal- and overweight subjects, higher FLI was associated with an increased risk of AF, but the HRs were attenuated. In obese subjects, higher FLI was not associated with higher risk of AF. NAFLD as assessed by FLI was independently associated with an increased risk of AF in nonobese subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2. The impact of NAFLD on AF risk was accentuated in lean subjects with underweight.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and longitudinal changes of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in 2 decades: the NAGALA study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Okamura ◽  
Yoshitaka Hashimoto ◽  
Masahide Hamaguchi ◽  
Akihiro Obora ◽  
Takao Kojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background In this study, to clarify the evolving background of people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), we compared the current prevalence of NAFLD with that of 2 decades ago. Methods We included two cohorts. The past cohort was from 1994 to 1997 and included 4279 men and 2502 women. The current cohort was from 2014 to 2017 and included 8918 men and 7361 women. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography. Results The prevalence of NAFLD increased in both genders throughout these 2 decades (18.5% in the past cohort and 27.1% in the current cohort for men; and 8.0% in the past cohort and 9.4% in the current cohort for women). The prevalence of hyperglycemia increased, whereas the prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and hypertriglyceridemia significantly decreased. There was no significant difference in the mean body mass index. Multivariate analysis revealed that the prevalence of obesity and body mass index were significantly associated with the prevalence of NAFLD in both the past and current cohorts. Conclusions The incidence of NAFLD significantly increased throughout these 2 decades, and obesity is the most prevalent factor. Thus, body weight management is an essential treatment option for NAFLD.

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