scholarly journals Birth weight discordance and perinatal mortality among triplets

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Egic ◽  
Zeljko Mikovic ◽  
Dejan Filimonovic ◽  
Anka Cirovic
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Difference

INTRODUCTION. The incidence of multiple births has increased in the last decade. Perinatal mortality in triplets is significantly greater than in twin and singleton births. OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to describe the extent of birth weight discordance among triplets and to identify its association with an increased risk of perinatal mortality. METHOD A retrospective analysis of triplet births, for the period 1993-2003, was conducted at the Gynaecological-Obstetric Clinic "Narodni Front" in Belgrade. Birth weight discordance was defined as the difference in birth weight between the largest and the smallest triplet's weight of more than 20%. RESULTS. The rate of triplets has increased by almost 75% between the first (7.7%) and the last (29.6%) 5-year period of the last decade. Triplets are becoming more common because of the frequent use of assisted reproductive technology as a treatment for infertility. In the period 1993-2003, there were a total of 40 triplet live births (24 weeks and greater) with incidence of 0.06%. There was no clear association between maternal age, parity, method of conception, birth gestational age, and disorders complicating pregnancy with birth discordance more than 20%. Regarding birth weight groups, statistical significance occurred only in the <999 grams group for discordant and in the 2000-2499 grams group for concordant triplets. Overall, the perinatal mortality rate in the group was 10.8%, the foetal mortality rate was 1.7% (2/120), and the neonatal (0-28 days) mortality rate was 9.1% (11/120). An odds ratio of 95% confidence interval shows 3 times greater risk for adverse perinatal outcome in the discordant group. However, the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION. Increasing birth weight discordance may increase the risk of adverse perinatal outcome. Triplet pregnancies, being high risk, require intensive antenatal care in order to prevent preterm delivery and ultrasound in order to diagnose foetal growth abnormality and discordance, which increase foetal surveillance, through the use of biophysical profiles, non-stress tests, and Doppler velocimetry, thus assessing foetal well-being and the appropriate moment for obstetric intervention.

Perinatal loss dynamics in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region in 2006-2018: analysis, conclusions, forecast

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Vitaly F. Bezhenar ◽  
Lidia A. Ivanova ◽  
Eduard K. Ailamazyan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Perinatal Loss ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Comprehensive Indicator

Hypothesis/aims of study. The perinatal mortality rate is a comprehensive indicator of social well-being, economic development and the state of medical care in any country. The aim of this study was to analyze perinatal loss dynamics in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region for 2006-2018 so as to determine the reserves for the reduction of perinatal mortality. Study design, materials and methods. Regional statistical reports on perinatal mortality in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region for 2006-2018 were analyzed. Results. A retrospective analysis of perinatal loss dynamics in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region was carried out. The structure of perinatal losses by birth weight of the fetus / newborn was surveyed. The proportion of children who died perinatally in the total number of deaths before reaching the age of 18 was determined. The main reserves for reducing perinatal mortality have been identified. Conclusion. With a clear tendency for perinatal mortality in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region to decrease during the study period, the absolute number of stillbirths does not show such a tendency.

scholarly journals Correlation of maternal age with birth weight: need to reemphasize

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Suyash Goel ◽  
Roshni Abichandani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Difference

Background: Women at both ends of the reproductive age spectrum have unique outcomes which needs to be considered. Adolescents are at increased risk for anaemia, preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. The maternal mortality rate is higher on extremes of the age. However, there is marked variability of the birth wt even with in the age group from 19-35 years of age. The present study was conducted with an objective to assess the correlation of Maternal age with birth weight.Methods: A total of 135 women between age 19-35 years were considered who had delivered at term (n=135) and women with any risk factors were excluded. Women were divided in three groups with age <25 years, 26-30 years and >30 years. Both primigravida and multigravida women were included without considering the mode of delivery.Results: According to birth weight, 113 cases had their birth weight >2.5 kg and out of them 43, 56 and 14 cases belonged to age group <25, 26-30 and >30 years respectively while only 22 cases had their birth weight <2.5 kg and out of them 9, 8 and 5 cases had their age group <25, 26-30 and >30 years. Mean birth weight in age group <25 years was 2.96±0.46 kg, in age group 26-30 years, it was 3.19±0.47 kg and in age group >30 years it was 2.79±0.54. On applying ANOVA test, the difference was found statistically significant (p<0.01).Conclusions: The variation in birth weight with respect to maternal age is significant. Limitation of this study was group comprising of 135 women.

The Effect of Tenacity on the Improvement of Children's Serious Game-Play Ability: A Retrospective Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Yeon Lee ◽  
Hye Hyeon Kim ◽  
Ji Ae Park ◽  
Ye Jin Choi ◽  
Ji Sung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Serious Game ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
The Difference ◽  
User Compliance

BACKGROUND Through several recent studies, tenacity, which involves solving problems with patience and enthusiasm for the goal, has emerged as an indicator of education effect, therapeutic effect, and well-being. However, relatively little research has assessed how to measure and evaluate tenacity. OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the usage pattern of the serious game to define tenacity and examine how it affects the effectiveness of cognitive development by measuring the difference between game-driven cognitive index based on detailed cognitive activities and game score. METHODS We used a serious game for 5419 children who responded to the survey from September 20, 2018, to July 14, 2020, divided into six groups according to their tenacity level and presence of developmental disabilities. We defined user tenacity through game usage patterns and analyzed how children play the serious game differently according to their characteristics. RESULTS We confirmed that tenacity affects the distribution of score changes from the primary episode to the 10th episode of serious games, showing statistical significance for some of the sub-categories in both the typical developments group and developmental disabilities group. Moreover, we found differences in difference estimation and found that tenacity affects the improvement of a serious game-driven cognitive index for Inference, Numerical and Organizing categories commonly seen in both typical developments group (p=<.000, p=0.001, p=.001), and developmental disabilities group (p=.0019, p=.022, p=.002). CONCLUSIONS Based on these findings, we propose that cognitive improvement is derived from not only natural-wise content-driven effects but also user compliance effects depending on the non-cognitive factors, regardless of the presence of developmental disabilities.

Analysis of selected perinatological indicators in the Slovak Republic in the years 2007–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Miroslav Korbeľ ◽  
◽  
Pavel Kaščák ◽  
zuzana Nižňanská
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Total Fertility Rate ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Live Births

Overview Objective: Analysis of perinatal mortality in the Slovak Republic during the years 2007–2018. Methods: Analysis of prospectively collected selected perinatal data in the years 2007–2018. Results: In the year 2007, there were 63 obstetrics units, 51,146 deliveries and that of live births 51,650 in the Slovak Republic. The number of obstetrics units decreased to 51 in the years 2018, the total number of deliveries increased to 57,085 and that of live births increased to 57,773. The total fertility rate in the years 2007–2018 increased from 1.27 to 1.54. The preterm deliveries rate increased from 7.3% in the year 2007 to 8.5% in the year 2010 and decreased to 7% in the year 2018. The perinatal mortality rate decreased from 6.2 in the year 2007 to 4.4 in the year 2017, increased again in the years 2018 to 5.0 and according to the criteria of WHO (World Health Organization) to 6.6 per 1,000 still- and live-births. During the years 2007–2018 at perinatal mortality stillbirth participate with 65%, low birth weight with 63% and severe congenital anomalies with 19%. Transport in utero to perinatological centers in the years 2007–2018 has decreased from 57 to 56% for infants 1,000–1,499 g and from 75 to 73% for infants below 1,000 g. Conclusion: In the year 2017, perinatology in the Slovak Republic reached the best result in the perinatal mortality rate – 4.4‰ (0.44%), but has increased to over 5‰ next year. To further reduce perinatal mortality in the Slovak Republic, it is necessary to improve the prenatal dia­gnosis of severe congenital abnormalities, transport in utero of very low birth weight fetuses, centralization of high-risk pregnancies, obstetric personnel and material-technical equipment of obstetricians and neonatal intensive care units. Keywords: perinatal mortality – preterm delivery – multiple pregnancy – low birth weight – very low birth weight – total fertility rate

scholarly journals The impact of maternal body mass index on maternal and perinatal outcome

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2862
Author(s):  
Nishu Bhushan ◽  
Surinder Kumar ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Reema Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
The Impact

Background: The incidence of obesity has increased to pandemic proportions over the last 20 years. Obesity is a chronic illness which is associated with metabolic disease, nutritional deficiency, musculoskeletal complications and carcinomas. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2 (normal), with BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2 (overweight) and with BMI >30 kg/m2 (obese).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 singleton pregnant women with gestational age>37 weeks with cephalic presentation. The selected women were categorized into three groups of 100 each according to their BMI: Category I included normal women (BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2), Category II included overweight women (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and Category III included obese women (BMI >30 kg/m2).Results: There was increased incidence of antepartum complications in obese women. The difference in the occurrence of pre-eclampsia among the three categories was statistically significant (p=0.001). Similarly, more obese women had eclampsia (5%) and gestational diabetes mellitus (6%) as compared to overweight and normal women and the difference was statistically significant in both these complications (p=0.02 for each). The risk of induction of labour was highest in obese women and so was the incidence of caesarean and instrumental deliveries and the difference was statistically significant. The difference in the onset of labour as well as mode of delivery among the three categories was statistically significant (p<0.05). In perinatal outcomes, the difference in mean birth weight of the babies among three categories was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The difference in incidence of low birth weight (<2.5 kg) as well as macrosomia (>4 kg) among babies of three BMI categories was statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference in the incidence of NICU admissions was statistically significant (p=0.02).Conclusions: Obesity is an independent risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes and hence preventable steps should be taken for reducing the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Neonatal and perinatal mortality trend among 23,000 babies delivered during three years at an urban university teaching hospital of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Rateena Rajbhandari ◽  
Puja Amatya ◽  
Shova Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Final Outcome ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Perinatal Audit ◽  
Urban University

Introductions: Perinatal mortality rate (PMR) of Nepal is 31 deaths per 1000 pregnancies and neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is 21 deaths per 1000 live births according to Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016. This study aims to analyse the trend of PMR and NMR of babies delivered at Patan hospital, Nepal. Methods: This was a retrospective study done in the department of Pediatrics to analyse the trend of neonatal and perinatal outcome of babies delivered during three years from April 2016 to March 2019 at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal. Data was collected from hospital records and perinatal audit. The mode of delivery (vaginal, instrumental, caesarian), birth status (sex, premature, still, live, APGAR, birth weight) and final outcome (neonatal and perinatal mortalities) were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: The final outcome of total 22937 deliveries during three years were PMR 4.34, corrected PMR 10.85 per 1000 total births and NMR 3.62 per 1000 live births. There were 22913 (99%) live births, 3090 (13.3%) had low birth weight, 11898 (52%) spontaneous vaginal delivery, 10700 (47%) cesarean and 339 (1.5%) instrumental deliveries. Conclusions: The overall PMR was 4.34 per 1000 total births and NMR was 3.62 per 1000 live births at Patan Hospital.

Randomized Controlled Trials in the Evaluation of Antenatal Care

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray W. Enkin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Randomized Controlled

AbstractMany of the practices carried out during antenatal care improve the well-being of mother or baby and reduce the burden of adverse perinatal outcome. Other practices have either not been evaluated or have been shown to be ineffective. Evidence from randomized clinical trials provides the best evidence about the effectiveness of these practices.

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Pain in Patients with Acute Cholecystitis

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vetrhus ◽  
O. Søreide ◽  
G. E. Eide ◽  
I. Nesvik ◽  
K. Søndenaa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Acute Cholecystitis ◽  
Operative Treatment ◽  
Watchful Waiting ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Operative Outcome ◽  
Symptomatic Outcome ◽  
The Difference

Background: Acute cholecystitis carries a higher risk of subsequent gallstone related events than symptomatic, non-complicated disease. However, it is largely unknown to what extent non-operative treatment will affect the patient's well-being as no trial has studied the possible consequences on pain and quality of life. Our aim was to study in a randomized trial how observational treatment (watchful waiting) compared to cholecystectomy. Methods: Sixty-four patients with acute cholecystitis were randomized to observation or cholecystectomy. All gallstone related events were registered and patients answered questionnaires on quality of life (PGWB and NHP) and pain (Pain score and VAPS) at randomization and at 6, 12 and 60 months later. Results: Patients were followed-up for a median of 67 months. Ten of 33 patients (30 %, 95 % CI 15 %−46 %) patients randomized to observation and 27 of 31 (87 %, 95 % CI 75 %−99 %) of patients randomized to operation had a cholecystectomy. Twelve of 33 (36 %, 95 % CI 20 %−53 %) patients in the observation group had a gallstone related event compared to 6 of 31 (19 %, 95 % CI 5%−33 %) patients in the operation group, but the difference was not significant. When patients were grouped according to randomization or actual operative outcome (+/− cholecystectomy), we did not find any significant differences in pain or quality of life measurements. Conclusion: Although conservative treatment of AC carried a certain but not significantly increased risk of subsequent gallstone related events, this did not influence the symptomatic outcome as assessed by quality of life and pain measurements. Thus, we argue that conservative (non-operative) treatment and observation of AC is an acceptable option and should at least be considered in elderly and frail patients.

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