scholarly journals Concept of „long centric"

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 441-447
Author(s):  
Zeljko Martinovic ◽  
Kosovka Obradovic-Djuricic ◽  
Nevenka Teodorovic ◽  
Rade Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Occlusal Adjustment ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Weak Closure ◽  
Wedge Effect

The objective of this paper was to show the historical perspective of the ?long centric" occlusal concept and its importance in the modern dentistry, especially from the gnathological aspect. The ?long centric" concept represents therapeutic modality used in modern dentistry and occlusal adjustment in all patients showing differences in strong and weak closure of the lower jaw starting from the position of physiological rest/long centric" concept is applied only for anterior teeth and occlusal movements from rather than toward the center. Whenever the ?long centric" parameters are not adequate, occlusal disturbance, resulting from the ?wedge" effect during the initial closure of the lower jaw, is present. Different degrees of abrasion or hypermobility of the teeth are often the result of the above-mentioned occlusal disturbances and can potentially trigger bruxism and malfunction. Modus procedendi should be the regular approach of every dentist to any occlusion, because only the built-in ?long centric" efficiently contributes to the occlusal stability of the anterior portion of the dentition. All occlusions should be routinely tested regarding their need for ?long centric", especially when the extensive therapeutic interventions (conservative, prosthetics) of the occlusal complex are required.

Jaws and radula of the Carboniferous ammonoid Cravenoceras

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushige Tanabe ◽  
Royal H. Mapes
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinity ◽  
Body Chamber ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Marginal Plates ◽  
Buccal Space

A well-preserved mouth apparatus consisting of jaws and a radula was found in situ within the body chamber of the goniatite Cravenoceras fayettevillae Gordon, 1965 (Neoglyphiocerataceae: Cravenoceratidae), from the middle Chesterian (Upper Mississippian) of Arkansas. Both upper and lower jaws consist of a black material. The lower jaw is characterized by a widely opened larger outer lamella and a shorter inner lamella. The upper jaw is fragmental. The radula is preserved in the anterior portion of the buccal space and comprises a series of tooth elements. Each transverse tooth row consists of seven teeth (a rhachidian and pairs of two lateral and one marginal teeth), with a pair of marginal plates. This arrangement is typical of radulae of other ammonoids of Carboniferous to Cretaceous age, coleoids, and the orthoconic “nautiloid” Michelinoceras (Silurian, Michelinocerida), suggesting a phylogenetic affinity among them.

scholarly journals Novel Therapeutic Paradigms to Treat Hemodialysis Access Dysfunction

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalathaksha Kumbar ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Hafeez Alsmaan ◽  
Anatole Besarab
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Access ◽  
Neointimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Endovascular Interventions ◽  
Type Selection ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Vascular access dysfunction continues to be a major factor contributor to the morbidity and mortality of hemodialysis patient. Percutaneous intervention has been the central therapeutic modality used to treat dialysis vascular access dysfunction with limited success. Vascular biology research has shed considerable light on the pathophysiologic processes that lead to the development of neointimal hyperplasia, the culprit lesion for vascular access dysfunction, suggesting possible newer novel therapeutic interventions. In this review we discuss; (1) recent advances in the utilization of image based predictive medicine in improving access type selection prior to access creation; (2) current and promising treatment modalities including brachytherapy, gene therapy and pharmacotherapy for prevention of neointimal hyperplasia; (3) alternate imaging modalities during percutaneous endovascular interventions. Though novel therapeutic interventions are evolving, robust clinical studies to identify optimal therapeutic method are needed. A combination of evidenced based interventions from pre access creation up until final abandonment of vascular access is worthy of exploration.

scholarly journals Influence of Anterior Occlusal Characteristics on Self-perceived Dental Appearance in Young Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bernabe ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Esthetics ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Dental Appearance ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Objective: To determine the individual and combined influence of some anterior occlusal characteristics on self-perceived dental appearance in a sample of young adults. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a dental clinic of a private university in Lima, Peru. A total of 267 first-year students (16 to 25 years old) were randomly selected. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to determine the self-perceived dental appearance. Clinical examinations were conducted to determine incisal irregularity, anterior dentoalveolar spacing, midline diastema, anterior missing teeth, overjet, and overbite. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the individual and combined influence of each anterior occlusal characteristic on self-perceived dental appearance. Results: From the eight occlusal characteristics and two covariables evaluated, only maxillary and mandible incisal irregularity (P = .001 and .002 respectively), presence of anterosuperior spacing (P < .001), and number of missing anterior teeth (P = .003) were inversely associated with self-perceived dental appearance, whereas gender (male) was directly associated to the dependent variable (P = .021). Specifically, anterior maxillary spacing, maxillary incisal irregularity, mandible incisal irregularity, and the number of missing teeth were, in that order, the anterior occlusal characteristics with the most negative influence on self-perceived dental appearance. Conclusions: This study confirmed that occlusal characteristics in the anterior portion of the mouth play a role on dental esthetics. However, it should be emphasized that their grouped influence is minimal (less than 20%).

Ebola virus: new insights into disease aetiopathology and possible therapeutic interventions

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Geisbert ◽  
Lisa E. Hensley
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Lethal Infection ◽  
Ebov Infection

Ebola virus (EBOV) gained public notoriety in the last decade largely as a consequence of the highly publicised isolation of a new EBOV species in a suburb of Washington, DC, in 1989, together with the dramatic clinical presentation of EBOV infection and high case-fatality rate in Africa (near 90% in some outbreaks), and the unusual and striking morphology of the virus. Furthermore, there are no vaccines or effective therapies currently available. Progress in understanding the origins of the pathophysiological changes that make EBOV infections of humans so devastating has been slow, primarily because these viruses require special containment for safe research. However, an increasing understanding of the mechanisms of EBOV pathogenesis, facilitated by the development of new tools to elucidate critical regulatory elements in the viral life cycle, is providing new targets that can be exploited for therapeutic interventions. Notably, identifying factors triggering the haemorrhagic complications that characterise EBOV infections led to the development of a strategy to modulate coagulopathy; this therapeutic modality successfully mitigated the effects of EBOV haemorrhagic fever in nonhuman primates. This review summarises our current understanding of EBOV pathogenesis and discusses various approaches to therapeutic intervention based on our current understanding of how EBOV produces a lethal infection.

scholarly journals Using FEM to Assess the Effect of Orthodontic Forces on Affected Periodontium

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7183
Author(s):  
Ionut Luchian ◽  
Maria-Alexandra Martu ◽  
Monica Tatarciuc ◽  
Mihaela Monica Scutariu ◽  
Nicoleta Ioanid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
Periodontal Risk ◽  
Wedge Effect

Orthodontic treatment in patients with no periodontal tissue breakdown vs. horizontal bone loss should be approached with caution even though it can bring significant benefits in terms of periodontal recovery and long-term success. We used the finite element method (FEM) to simulate various clinical scenarios regarding the periodontal involvement: healthy with no horizontal bone loss, moderate periodontal damage (33%) and severe horizontal bone loss (66%). Afterwards, forces of different magnitudes (0.25 N, 1 N, 3 N, and 5 N) were applied in order to observe the behavioral patterns. Through mathematical modeling, we recorded the maximum equivalent stresses (σ ech), the stresses on the direction of force application (σ c) and the displacements produced (f) in the whole tooth–periodontal ligament–alveolar bone complex with various degrees of periodontal damage. The magnitude of lingualization forces in the lower anterior teeth influences primarily the values of equivalent tension, then those of the tensions in the direction in which the force is applied, and lastly those of the displacement of the lower central incisor. However, in the case of the lower lateral incisor, it influences primarily the values of the tensions in the direction in which the force is applied, then those of equivalent tensions, and lastly those of displacement. Anatomical particularities should also be considered since they may contribute to increased periodontal risk in case of lingualization of the LLI compared to that of the LCI, with a potential emergence of the “wedge effect”. To minimize periodontal hazards, the orthodontic force applied on anterior teeth with affected periodontium should not exceed 1 N.

scholarly journals Positional changes of the lower and upper anterior teeth after surgical correction of mandibular prognathism

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
Miroslav Vukadinovic ◽  
Zoran Jezdic ◽  
Boban Anicic ◽  
Vladimir Sinobad ◽  
Nikola Mikovic
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Mandibular Ramus ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Surgical Corrections ◽  
Made In

Background/Aim. To establish the influence of surgical corrections of mandibular prognathism upon the position of the lower and upper anterior teeth (incisors). Methods. The changes in position of the lower and upper anterior teeth (incisors) after the surgical correction of mandibular prognathism were analyzed by means of x-ray craniometry in 183 patients (female: n = 110, male: n = 73) in which the correction had been made in accordance with the principles of sagital osteotomy of the mandibular ramus. There were 4 angular and 2 linear parameters determined in the pre- and postoperative tele-xray-pictures. The changes of these parameters were tested by means of the parametric statistic tests. Results. The performed surgical procedures did not cause statistically significant changes in the angular parameters. The changes of both linear parameters were thought highly statistically significant. Conclusion. Under the influence of the performed surgical procedures no changes were found in the position of anterior teeth (incisors) in relation to SN and the mandibular plane. They were actually moved along with the medium fragment of the lower jaw and that fragment was moved linearly backwards along the occlusal plane with a practically insignificant rotation in the cranial direction.

Parapercis randalli, a new sandperch (Pisces: Pinguipedidae) from Southern Taiwan

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2690 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
HSUAN-CHING HO ◽  
KWANG-TSAO SHAO
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Body Axis ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
Reddish Orange ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Parapercis randalli sp. nov. is described on the basis of four specimens collected in southern Taiwan by angling at a depth of 5–150 m. It differs from its congeners in having five broad reddish brown saddles on the dorsal surface; both jaws and anterior portion of snout reddish orange; a yellow bar with red margin on cheek; a series of 8 red bars below body axis; configuration of spots on head, dorsal and caudal fins; and a combination of morphological characters: three pairs of canine teeth anteriorly in lower jaw; no palatine teeth; vomerine teeth stout, in a single curved row; lateral-line scales 53; margin of preopercle smooth; 4th dorsal spine longest; caudal fin slightly rounded on ventral half, truncate on dorsal half, with a prolonged upper lobe; appressed pelvic fin extends beyond anus. A total of 21 valid pinguipedid species are now recorded from Taiwanese waters.

Design of Clinical Trials

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Detre
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Treatment Evaluation ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
New Therapy

A Controlled Clinical Trial is the formal experimental approach to treatment evaluation. In such a trial, the investigator controls the assignment of treatments—ideally by randomization— to experimental groups. When well executed, such a trial provides the strongest evidence for the relative effectiveness of the different therapeutic interventions. Some people, myself among them, believe that the clinical trial approach should be used early when a new therapeutic modality is first introduced.The purpose of a controlled clinical trial is to answer the question of whether the new therapy is preferable to standard therapies. If no standard therapy exists, then new therapy has to compete either with no treatment or placebo.

scholarly journals Modern Surgery-First Approach Concept in Cleft-Orthognathic Surgery: A Comparative Cohort Study with 3D Quantitative Analysis of Surgical-Occlusion Setup

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Joon Seo ◽  
Rafael Denadai ◽  
Betty Chien-Jung Pai ◽  
Lun-Jou Lo
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Facial Esthetics ◽  
Surgery First ◽  
Intercanine Distance

Despite the evident benefits of the modern surgery-first orthognathic surgery approach (reduced treatment time, efficient tooth decompensation, and early improvement in facial esthetics), the challenge of the surgical-occlusion setup acts as a hindering factor for the widespread and global adoption of this therapeutic modality, especially for the management of cleft-skeletofacial deformity. This is the first study to assess three-dimensional (3D) quantitative data of the surgical-occlusion setup in surgery-first cleft-orthognathic surgery. This comparative retrospective study was performed on 3D image datasets from consecutive patients with skeletal Class III deformity who had a unilateral cleft lip/palate (cleft cohort, n = 44) or a noncleft dentofacial deformity (noncleft cohort, n = 22) and underwent 3D computer-assisted single-splint two-jaw surgery by a single multidisciplinary team between 2014 and 2018. They received conventional orthodontics-first or surgery-first approaches. 3D quantitative characterization (linear, angular, and positional measurements) of the final surgical-occlusion setup was performed and adopted for comparative analyses. In the cleft cohort, the occlusion setup in the surgery-first approach had a significantly (all p < 0.05) smaller number of anterior teeth contacts and larger incisor overjet compared to the conventional approach. Considering the surgery-first approach, the cleft cohort presented significantly (all p < 0.05) larger (canine lateral overjet parameter) and smaller (incisor overjet, maxillary intercanine distance, maxillary intermolar distance, ratio of intercanine distance, and ratio of intermolar distance parameters) values than the noncleft cohort. This study contributes to the literature by providing 3D quantitative data of the surgical-occlusion setup in surgery-first cleft-orthognathic surgery, and delivers information that may assist multidisciplinary teams to adopt the surgery-first concept to optimize cleft care.

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