scholarly journals The role of trait anxiety in induction of state anxiety

Psihologija ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Tovilovic ◽  
Zdenka Novovic ◽  
Ljiljana Mihic ◽  
Veljko Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
New Instrument

The reported study had the following goals: to determine psychometric characteristics of a new instrument purpoting to measure trait anxiety - AT29, to explore the effectiveness of a mood induction procedure in eliciting state anxiety, and to determine the role of trait anxiety, as measured by AT29, in responding to mood induction. AT29 was administered as a part of a larger test battery to 232 psychology students during a mass testing session. After three weeks, 90 students were randomly selected to participate in the second, experimental phase of the study. These selected participants were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (mood-induction group) in which participants watched a video clip with a fear-inducing content and control group in which participants watched a neutral video clip of the same duration as the fear-inducing clip. State anxiety was measured in both groups using the STAI-S questionnaire right before and after mood induction. It was demonstrated that there is a significant association between trait anxiety as measured by AT29 and state anxiety obtained at both measurement occasionsbefore and after mood induction. Following fear induction, the experimental group demonstrated higher state anxiety scores. However, the interaction between group membership and trait anxiety was not significant. Potential explanations regarding the lack of effect of trait anxiety on state anxiety in this mood induction experiment were discussed as well as some recommendations for future research. Additionally, the results suggested that AT29 has very good psychometric characteristics: high internal consistency and test-retest reliability (.96 and .86 respectively), as well as good divergent and convergent validity.

Development of the Fear of Intimacy Components Questionnaire (FICQ)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pedro Sobral ◽  
Maria Emília Costa
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fear Of Intimacy ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract. We developed a new instrument designed to measure fear of intimacy in romantic relationships. We suggest assessing fear of intimacy through two dimensions: self-revelation and dependence. The Fear of Intimacy Components Questionnaire (FICQ) was validated across three studies in which a 10-item solution systematically emerged. Consistently with a two component perspective, a two-factor solution fitted data the best: fear of losing the self (FLS) and fear of losing the other (FLO). Qualitative analyses verified content validity. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses tested the factor structure. Multigroup analyses supported the structural invariance across gender, age, and relationship status. Both factors showed adequate discriminant validity and internal consistency, and good 3-week period test-retest reliability. Associations between the FICQ and insecure attachment orientations demonstrated convergent validity. The association between the FICQ and relationship satisfaction above and beyond a preexisting measure offered criterion validity. By going beyond traditional self-revelation-focused conception of fear of intimacy, that is, by proposing a bi-dimensional structure to fear of intimacy, we believe that this new measure will contribute to future research on fear of intimacy.

scholarly journals Can Dog-Assisted Intervention Decrease Anxiety Level and Autonomic Agitation in Patients with Anxiety Disorders?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 5171
Author(s):  
Dorota Wołyńczyk-Gmaj ◽  
Aleksandra Ziółkowska ◽  
Piotr Rogala ◽  
Dawid Ścigała ◽  
Ludwik Bryła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Positive Effects

Few studies have explored the influence of an Animal-Assisted Intervention on patients with mental disorders. We investigated it’s impact on anxiety symptoms. We divided 51 patients with anxiety symptoms into two groups—treatment group, that went for a short 15–20 min’ walk with a dog, his handler and a researcher and control group, that went for a walk only with a researcher. We used State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of fear, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Ford Insomnia Response to Stress (FIRST), Brief symptom Inventory (BSI) and VAS of satisfaction after trial to assess. We also checked the resting blood pressure and resting heart rate before and after performing psychological tests while sitting. We have obtained full data of 21 people from the research group and 26 people from the control group. After the intervention, the treatment group reported lower anxiety levels as a state (Mean (M) = 34.35; Standard Deviation (SD) = 6.9 vs. M = 40.94; SD = 8.6) and fear (M = 1.05; SD = 1.0 vs. M = 2.04; SD = 2.2) than the control group. After a walk with a dog, trait anxiety (M = 34.35; SD = 6.9 vs. M = 46.3; SD = 9.6), state anxiety (M = 48.9; SD = 7.2 vs. M = 53.9; SD = 7.8), fear (M = 1.05; SD= 1.0 vs. M = 2.57; SD = 2.3) and resting heart rate (M = 71.05; SD = 12.3 vs. M = 73.67; SD = 13.1) decreased significantly, while walking without a dog only reduced state anxiety (M = 47.24; SD = 11.0 vs. M = 40.94; SD = 8.6). Multivariate analysis of variance showed that after the walk, state anxiety was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group, F(1.35) = 6.706, p <0.05, η2 = 0.161. Among those who walked with a dog, the intervention also led to significant decreases in fear and resting heart rate, F(1.44) = 11.694, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.210 and F(1.45) = 8.503; p < 0.01; η2 = 0.159, respectively. For anxious patients, a short walk with a dog is more beneficial than a walk without one. We found significant positive effects of a dog’s company on vegetative arousal and mental comfort. This is another study confirming the possible therapeutic effect of the animal on anxiety symptoms. Further research is required, especially in the large groups of patients, as recommendations on the use of Animal Assisted Interventions (AAI) are needed.

scholarly journals Salivary cortisol responses to acute stress in students with myofascial pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djordje Bozovic ◽  
Nedeljka Ivkovic ◽  
Maja Racic ◽  
Sinisa Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Introduction/Objective. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are characterized by the appearance of musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction of the masticatory system. The aims of this study were to evaluate the salivary cortisol levels in students with chronic myofascial pain (MFP) related to TMD during oral exam, as well as to analyze the correlation between salivary cortisol levels, TMD-related MFP, the level of anxiety, depression symptoms, somatization, and perceived stress. Methods. The study included 60 university students, who were allocated either into the group of students with MFP (n = 30) or into the control group of healthy students (n = 30). The level of salivary cortisol was measured on the exam day and during the control day when the students had no exams. Depression symptoms, somatization, perceived stress and anxiety were evaluated according to Axis II RDC/TMD, Perceived Stress Scale and State?Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results. Levels of salivary cortisol were significantly higher in the group of students with MFP in all phases of measurements compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Students with MFP also showed significantly higher depression symptoms, somatization, and trait anxiety scores than the control group. No significant group differences were found on the scales measuring state anxiety and perceived stress. The level of salivary cortisol was found to be in correlation with depression symptoms, state anxiety, and perceived stress, but not with chronic pain, somatization, and trait anxiety in students with TMD. Conclusion. Salivary cortisol could be an important indicator of psychological distress in TMD.

scholarly journals Anxiety Levels of Primary Caregivers of Children With Tracheostomy During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 000992282110406
Author(s):  
Zeynep Reyhan Onay ◽  
Tugba Ramasli Gursoy ◽  
Tugba Sismanlar Eyuboglu ◽  
Ayse Tana Aslan ◽  
Azime Sebnem Soysal Acar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
High Trait Anxiety ◽  
Moment State

We aim to evaluate the anxiety levels of caregivers of children with tracheostomy during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic. Caregivers of 31 children with tracheostomy and 105 healthy children (control group) were included. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered via teleconference in order to investigate how participants describe how they feel at a particular moment (State) and how they generally feel (Trait). The trait anxiety levels of caregivers of children with tracheostomy were significantly higher ( P = .02). Their state anxiety levels were similar. The state and trait anxiety levels of caregivers of children with tracheostomy correlated ( r = 0.70, P < .001). At the end of the teleconference, caregivers of children with tracheostomy experienced greater anxiety relief than controls ( P < .001). Trait anxiety scores were higher among caregivers of children with tracheostomy, but their state anxiety levels were comparable to those of controls. Caregivers with high trait anxiety also exhibited high state anxiety. Informing caregivers of children with tracheostomy about COVID-19 via teleconference can reduce their anxiety during such stressful times.

Effects of Color and Trait Anxiety on State Anxiety

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Reeves ◽  
Ed M. Edmonds ◽  
Dollie L. Transou
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
The State ◽  
Color Condition ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Trait Theory ◽  
The Relationship

A 2 (trait anxiety) × 4 (color) factorial design was used to determine the effects of red, green, yellow, and blue on state anxiety as a function of high and low trait anxiety. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess both trait (A-Trait) and state (A-State) anxiety for the 10 students assigned to each of the eight treatment combinations. High A-Trait students were significantly more anxious while viewing blue, red, and green than were the low A-Trait students and blue produced significantly more state anxiety than did either yellow or green. These results are consistent with state-trait theory and indicate that the effects of color on state anxiety may be confounded with trait anxiety unless the levels of A-Trait are equivalent for each color condition. The role of cultural and individual differences in the relationship between color and emotion and implications for research are discussed.

Examining the Relationships Between Fear of Coronavirus, State Anxiety, and Relationship Happiness Among Married Turkish Individuals During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110555
Author(s):  
Bülent Dilmaç ◽  
Ali Karababa ◽  
Tolga Seki ◽  
Zeynep Şimşir ◽  
M. Furkan Kurnaz
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Joint Family ◽  
Family Activities ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Relationship Happiness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of state anxiety in the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and relationship happiness among married individuals. An additional aim of the study also tested the moderating role of joint family activities between state anxiety and relationship happiness. The study sample consisted of 1713 married individuals (1031 women and 682 men). The study findings showed both the significant direct associations among the studied variables and the mediating role of state anxiety in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and relationship happiness. It also found that the path of state anxiety to relationship happiness among married individuals having family activities was significantly lower than those who did not. Directions for future research and application were discussed.

Exploring hotel employees’ regulatory foci and voice behavior: the moderating role of leader-member exchange

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
You-De Dai ◽  
Wen-Long Zhuang ◽  
Po-Kai Yang ◽  
Yi-Jun Wang ◽  
Tzung-Cheng Huan
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hotel Employees ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose Drawing on leader-member exchange theory and regulatory focus theory, the purpose of this study is to explore the effects of hotel employees’ regulatory foci on their voice behavior and the moderating role of leader-member exchange. Design/methodology/approach The questionnaire includes demographics, regulatory foci, leader-member exchange and voice behavior sections. The data was collected via a survey of 10 international tourist hotels in Taiwan and 479 valid questionnaires were completed. Confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were used to test the composite reliability, discriminant validity and convergent validity. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Findings The outcome of this study indicates that both promotion focus and prevention focus can benefit employees’ voice behavior; however, prevention-focused employees have more positive voice behavior than promotion-focused employees. In addition, the leader-member exchange can moderate the relationship between regulatory foci and voice behavior. Originality/value This is an empirical study in the hotel field to examine the moderating effects of leader-member exchange on the relationships between regulatory foci and voice behavior. This research is contributed toward human resource management literature in the hospitality and tourism domain. Practices for managers and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Augmentation-Reduction and Pain Experience

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Elton ◽  
Peter R. Vagg ◽  
Gordon Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Pain Experience ◽  
Threshold Trait

The role of augmentation-reduction in pain tolerance and threshold was examined using Petrie's (1967) criteria for classification of subjects. 14 augmenters did not differ from 14 reducers on pain tolerance and threshold. Trait anxiety correlated with both pain tolerance and threshold, but state anxiety did not.

scholarly journals Protective role of Nigella sativa in chemotherapy-induced alopecia

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Uzma Saleem ◽  
Shakila Sabir ◽  
Bashir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Anagen Phase ◽  
Full Screen

<p>Chemotherapy-induced alopecia affects the pathological as well as the psychological aspects of the cancer patient. In the present study, the protective role of Nigella sativa was evaluated in both adult and newborn albino rats. The anagen phase was first induced. N. sativa oil, N. sativa decoction (5%, 10% and 15%) and minoxidil lotion (standard) were applied daily to the rats two days after the depilation. During the anagen VI phase of the hair follicles, alopecia was induced by giving cyclophosphamide 125 mg/kg, ip to the adult rat and 50 mg/kg to the newborn rats. Cyclophosphamide-induced the alopecia to the whole depilated area of skin in adult rat while alopecia totalis was observed in the newborn rat disease control group. N. sativa oil, N. sativa decoction (5%) showed a significant protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia. In conclusion, it is evident that N. sativa provides significant protection against chemotherapy-induced alopecia.</p><p><strong>Video Clip of Methodology</strong>:</p><p>1 min 43 sec:   <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/AKhk27V3juE">Full Screen</a>   <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKhk27V3juE">Alternate</a></p>

Effects of a Domiciliary Restoration Program on State-Trait Anxiety and Self-Ideal Concepts

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma J. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group

An experimental and a control group of domiciled veterans showed a significant increase in state anxiety over a period of approximately 4 mo. Trait anxiety decreased in the control group and increased in the experimental group. Neither group showed changes in self-ideal concepts.

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