scholarly journals Response of Sorghum halepense L. (Pers.) populations to nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron and prosulfuron+primsulfuron-methyl

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
Dragana Bozic ◽  
Ibrahim Elezovic ◽  
Marija Saric ◽  
Eleonora Onc-Jovanovic ◽  
Sava Vrbnicanin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Measured Parameter ◽  
Resistance Development ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Seed Collecting

The effects of herbicides nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron and prosulfuron+primsulfuronmethyl on eight populations of Sorghum halepense L. (Pers.) under controlled conditions were investigated. The herbicides were applied at different rates (0x; 0,5x; 1x; 1,5x; 2x; 3x recommended application rate for field use) when plants reached the height of 20-25 cm. The parameters measured seven days after treatment were leaf surface and fresh and dry mass of plants; the obtained results were then used for ED50 calculations. The response of Sorghum halepense populations to nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron and prosulfuron+primsulfuron-methyl varied from population to population, and depending on the applied rate and the measured parameter. Resistance development was not observed in any of the populations that survived herbicide treatment before seed collecting. Only the population P2 showed somewhat decreased susceptibility to nicosulfuron, which can be regarded as an early stage of resistance development.

scholarly journals Broccoli production depending on the seed production system and organic and mineral fertilizer

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Lopes ◽  
Janaína Mauri ◽  
Adésio Ferreira ◽  
Rodrigo S Alexandre ◽  
Allan R de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Production System ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Espirito Santo

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, in Alegre, Espirito Santo state, Brazil, to evaluate the broccoli production depending on the seed production system and organic and mineral fertilization. Seeds of the broccoli cultivar Ramoso Piracicaba were originated from lots of seed obtained in an organic and conventional production system. The experimental design was of randomized blocks, with four replications in a factorial arrangement combination of the lots, 2x5 (organic and mineral fertilized seeds) and substrates [S1 (soil + sand + manure), S2 (soil + sand + manure + NPK), S3 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 10 g L-1), S4 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 30 g L-1) and S5 (soil + sand + manure + Fertium® 50 g L-1]. The analyzed variables were emergency, fresh and dry mass of aerial part, emergency speed and height of seedlings after 28 days of sowing, and plant diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, fresh and dry mass of aerial part, plant height, root volume, fresh and dry root mass, absolute and relative growth rates and increment to leaf area and plant height after 104 days. The emergency was similar in the different substrates; great vigor occurred on conventional seeds; the mineral fertilization increased the production of fresh mass of aerial part; the use of substrate containing soil, sand soil conditioner Fertium (30 to 50 g L-1) increased the volume, fresh and dry mass of roots and rate of increase in these variables.

scholarly journals Hydroponics growth of Eucalyptus saligna Sm. on salt-stress mediated by sodium chloride

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luís Lopes da Silva ◽  
Yohana de Oliveira ◽  
Roberson Dibax ◽  
Jefferson da Luz Costa ◽  
Gessiel Newton Scheidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Eucalyptus Saligna ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
Micropropagated Plants ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

The aim of this work was to evaluate the growth of two clones of Eucalyptus saligna on salt-stress mediated by NaCl in hydroponics. Micropropagated plants of the clones p0 and p1 were acclimatizated and cultivated in hydroponics at 0 and 300 mM NaCl levels. The total length, volume, number, fresh mass and dry mass of the roots, the height, fresh and dry mass of the aerial part and the fresh  and dry mass of the complete plant were evaluated to the 14 days of hydroponic culture with NaCl. There were significant differences among the clones. The clone p0 was superior to the clone p1 in relation to volume of the roots, root number, root fresh mass and total fresh mass of the root. Regards the effect of the salinity on the plants, significant reduction was observed in the height of the aerial part, fresh mass of the aerial part and the total fresh mass. Even so, the interaction between the clones and the concentrations of NaCl was significant for the total fresh mass. In the period of 14 days of hydroponic culture on 300 mM NaCl was possible to discriminate these two clones in relation to the tolerance and susceptibility to the salt stress. The clone p0 presented higher growth and larger tolerance to the salinity than clone p1.

scholarly journals Influence of biostimulant and substrate volume on root growth and development of scarlet sage (Salvia splendens L.) transplants

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svjetlana Zeljkovic ◽  
Nada Paradjikovic ◽  
Tamara Babic ◽  
Gordana Djuric ◽  
Rodoljub Oljaca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Adaptation To Stress ◽  
Plant Adaptation ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Root Growth And Development

The influence of biostimulant and substrate volume on scarlet sage transplants growth and development was examined in this investigation. There was one cultivar of scarlet sage used in trial which was transplanted in pots of two different volumes. Plants were treated with biostimulant (Radifarm) in concentration of 0.25% or left untreated (control). During the trial, root and aboveground fresh and dry mass were recorded. Treatment with biostimulant and bigger substrate volume showed good results by increasing investigated parameters. Investigation shows how biostimulant application to scarlet sage transplants production improves growth and development of root and aboveground mass which is important for faster plant adaptation to stress during transplanting.

scholarly journals Predicting the allometry of leaf surface area and dry mass

2009 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl J. Niklas ◽  
Edward D. Cobb ◽  
Hanns-Christof Spatz
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Leaf Surface Area

The Effect of Surfactant and Environment on the Toxicity of Metriflufen to Soybeans (Glycine max) and Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense)

Weed Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. McWhorter
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Over The Top

Metriflufen {2-[4-(4-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} was applied as the methyl ester at 0.28 and 0.56 kg/ha over-the-top to johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense(L.) Pers.] growing from rhizomes and to soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr. ‘Lee 68′]. After herbicide treatment, plants were grown in the growth chamber for 14 days at 16, 24, or 32 C with relative humidity (RH) at 40 or 100% at each air temperature. Johnsongrass was not controlled at 16 C regardless of metriflufen rate, RH, or the addition of nonoxynol [α-(p-nonylphenyl)-ω-hydroxypoly (oxyethylene)] (with 9.5 moles of polyoxyethylene) surfactant at 0.25 (g/100 ml) to spray solutions. Johnsongrass control at 24 C varied from 5 to 98%, with significantly better control at 100% than at 40% RH. The presence of surfactant increased johnsongrass control at 24 C and 40% RH but not at 24 C and 100% RH. Johnsongrass control at 32 C varied from 48 to 98%, and it was not increased by the presence of the surfactant, regardless of metriflufen rate or RH level. At 16 C metriflufen was more injurious to soybeans than to johnsongrass, but at 24 and 32 C johnsongrass control was significantly greater than soybean injury. The presence of surfactant in spray solutions generally did not increase soybean injury, regardless of temperature or RH level. These results suggest that metriflufen is most selective in controlling johnsongrass in soybeans at 24 C, especially under high RH.

Investigations into the Growth Suppressing Effect of Nicosulfuron-Treated Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) on Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagabhushana G. Gubbiga ◽  
A. Douglas Worsham ◽  
Frederick T. Corbin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Surface ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Excellent Control

Greenhouse and growth chamber experiments were conducted to determine the reasons for stunted growth and yield suppression of corn noticed sometimes in nicosulfuron-treated corn fields infested with heavy population of johnsongrass. Results indicated that in the absence of johnsongrass, nicosulfuron applied broadcast POST at 35 g ai ha−1had no effect on corn. However, growth reduction of corn occurred when nicosulfuron-treated johnsongrass and corn were allowed to share the same rooting medium with their root systems intermingled. The reduction in growth was even greater when corn foliage or the soil surface were also treated with johnsongrass. The extent of growth reduction of corn growing with nicosulfuron-killed johnsongrass depended on weed density and herbicide application rate. Greater growth reductions occurred at four johnsongrass plants per pot compared to two and at a higher application rate of 100 μg nicosulfuron per plant. In general, johnsongrass killed by nicosulfuron appeared to be more phytotoxic to corn than plants killed by paraquat. Nicosulfuron provided excellent control of johnsongrass and improved corn growth by two to three times that of not controlling johnsongrass, but it could not elevate corn growth to the level obtained when johnsongrass was controlled by paraquat or in the absence of interference from johnsongrass.

scholarly journals Impact of aluminium (al3+) stress on germination and seedling growth of five wheat genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
SC Sarker ◽  
SR Ghosh ◽  
MJ Hossain ◽  
RC Ghosh ◽  
S Razia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Physiology Laboratory

A Petridish and hydroponic culture experiments were conducted at Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Crop Botany and Agriculture Chemistry Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from August to October 2011 to investigate the effect of aluminium on morphological characters and growth of wheat seedlings. The experiment comprised of two levels of aluminium concentrations viz., 0 μM (control) and 100 μM and five varieties viz; Kanchan, Shatabdi, Sourav, Bijoy (BARI-23) and Sufi (BARI-22). The experiment was laid out in two factors completely randomized design with three replications. Applications of 100 μM aluminium had a profound influence on hypocotyls and epicotyls length, germination percentages, and rootshoot length, fresh and dry mass production in wheat. Results indicated that germination percentage, hypocotyls and epicotyls length, root and shoot length, leaf length, leaf sheath length, plant height, fresh and dry mass plant were greater in control than aluminium stress conditions. It revealed that wheat seedlings are susceptible to aluminium stress. However, among the varieties, the reduction of dry mass under aluminium stress was minimum in Shatabdi followed by Kanchan showed that Shatabdi was more tolerant to aluminium stress than the other varieties namely Sourav, Bijoy (BARI-23) and Sufi (BARI-22). Sufi and Sourav were more susceptible to aluminium stress. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 65-76 (2019)

scholarly journals High dilution preparations for organic production system of broccoli

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Pulido ◽  
Pedro Boff ◽  
Tatiana Duarte ◽  
Mari Inês Boff
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of high dilution preparations on seedlings growth and production of broccoli under organic system. Three experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with completely randomized design. Two others experiments were conducted under field conditions, and the experimental design was randomized in blocks. Both designs were done with four replications and nine treatments. The treatments consisted of high dilution preparations of Arnica montana, Silicea terra, Carbo vegetabilis and Sulphur at 6CH or 30CH, water was used as control. In greenhouse, plant height, root length and stem diameter of seedlings were evaluated, along with the fresh and dry mass of shoot and root. In field, fresh and dry mass of inflorescences, plant heigh and stem diameter were evaluated. Silicea terra at 30CH increased the stem diameter, root length and dry mass of shoot and root in the broccoli seedlings. Sulphur at 6CH increased the fresh and dry mass of broccoli inflorescences. Silicea terra at 6CH, Carbo vegetabilis, and Sulphur at 30CH increased the plant height in field experiments. This suggests that high dilution preparations can be utilized to increase the biomass production and others desirable characteristics of broccoli crop under organic system.

scholarly journals Fertilizing Containerized Atlantic White Cedar Seedlings

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Scott A. Derby ◽  
L. Eric Hinesley
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
First Year ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
P Content ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations

Abstract Containerized Atlantic white cedar [Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P.] seedlings were fertilized with five rates (0.0, 2.4, 4.8, 7.2, and 9.6 kg/m3) (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 lb/yd3) of controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) [Osmocote 15N–4.0P–10.0K (15N–9P2O5–12K2O), 12–14 month southern formulation, with micros; and Polyon 18N–2.6P–10.0K (18N–6P2O5–12K2O), 9-month formulation, with micros]. Height, stem diameter, dry mass, and foliar nutrient concentrations were evaluated after 16 weeks. Growth was affected by fertilizer source and application rate, with no interaction. In general, the response to increasing fertilization was quadratic. Osmocote yielded larger plants than Polyon, probably owing to its higher P content. Osmocote (4.8 to 7.2 kg/m3) (8 to 12 lb/yd3) or Polyon (7.2 kg/m3) (12 lb/yd3) is suggested for container-grown seedlings the first year.

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