scholarly journals The effect of spiromesifen on the reproductive potential of Tetranychus urticae koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Marcic ◽  
Irena Ogurlic ◽  
Slavka Mutavdzic ◽  
Pantelija Peric
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
L 51 ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effects of spiromesifen on the fecundity, fertility and population growth of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) after treatment of pre-ovipositing females with five acaricide concentrations: 180 mg/l (maximum recommended concentration for use in glasshouses against spider mites), 18 mg/l, 1.8 mg/l and 0.18 mg/l (the last one was discriminative for eggs and immatures in preliminary studies, i.e. produced 100% mortality of those stages) and 0.018 mg/l. After 24h exposure, the percentages of females surviving treatment without visible symptoms of poisoning were 50% (180 mg/l), 45% (18 mg/l), 51% (1.8 mg/l), 74% (0.18 mg/l), 96% (0.018 mg/l) and 98% (0 mg/l). Over the first four days after treatment, the females that survived 180 mg/l and 18 mg/l laid no eggs. The total number of eggs laid after treatment with these two concentrations was reduced to less than 2% against the control by the end of the trial. The females that survived 1.8 mg/l laid 50% less eggs, compared to the control, while the number of eggs laid by the females treated with 0.18 mg/l and 0.018 mg/l were 19% and 4% lower, respectively. Over the initial four days, egg hatch rates in treatments were 73-87%, and 92-93% in the control. Significant statistical differences between gross fecundity (FCg) and gross fertility (FTg) values in the control and treatments were detected for females surviving 180 mg/l, 18 mg/l and 1.8 mg/l. On the other hand, only the net fertility (FTn) value of females treated with 0.018 mg/l showed no statistically significant difference from the control value. Treatments with 180 mg/l and 18 mg/l significantly reduced the instantaneous rate of increase (ri) 6, 8 and 10 days after treatment, compared to the control. The negative ri values in those treatments indicated a declining population. Sublethal effects of spiromesifen and its impact on T. urticae management are discussed.

scholarly journals Sublethal effects of bifenazate on life history and population parameters of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Ying Li ◽  
Xiao Fan ◽  
Guo Hao Zhang ◽  
YI QING LIU ◽  
HAN QIU CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Sublethal Effect ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Traditional estimating only by measuring the lethal effect of acaricides may underestimate the total effects of acaricides on the pest mites. In order to investigate the sublethal effect of bifenazate on life history and population parameters of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, the newly emerged females were treated with two lethal concentrations of bifenazate: LC10 (4.92 μg/mL) and LC20 (8.77 μg/mL). Subsequently, the development and fecundity of the progeny generations were observed. Compared to the control, exposure to the 10% lethal concentrations (LC10) and LC20 of bifenazate severely affected the parental generation of T. urticae, including survival rate (reduced 9% and 13%), oviposition period (reduced 77.6% and 83.1%), fecundity per female (decreased 89.2% and 76.9%) and longevity (decreased 79.2% and 83.1%). Besides, the population parameters of the progeny generation from the treated females were also investigated. The results showed that the progeny generation had lower intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (λ), longer mean generation time (Tc) compared to the control. The results suggested that the sublethal effects of bifenazate on population growth of T. urticae were significant, and the results of this study could be used as a guide for the rational use of bifenazate in the field for better managing pest mites.

Acaricidal activity and sublethal effects of the microbial pesticide spinosad on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Međo ◽  
Bojan Stojnić ◽  
Dejan Marčić
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
Microbial Pesticide

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of the microbial pesticide spinosad to different life stages of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, as well as its sublethal effects on reproduction and population growth of this important mite pest. The biopesticide was applied to bean primary leaves or leaf discs carrying spider mites using a Potter spray tower (2.7 mg/cm2 aqueous deposit). The following LC50 and LC90 (mg/L) estimates for motile stages were obtained in acute toxicity bioassays: 27.52 and 116.72 (larvae), 36.55 and 136.20 (protonymphs), 82.76 and 721.28 (female deutonymphs), and 61.47 and 457.21 (adult females). Spinosad showed no significant ovicidal action: toxic effect observed after spraying eggs (LC50 = 105.78 mg/L, LC90 = 596.95 mg/L) was the result of its residual action on larvae that hatched from the treated eggs. The effects of spinosad on life history traits and population growth of adult female survivors from treatments with 240, 120 and 60 mg/L were evaluated in two successive 7-day bioassays on untreated leaf discs. In the first bioassay, females that survived treatments as 24 h old eggs and completed their juvenile development on treated leaves had significantly lower gross fecundity, net fecundity and instantaneous rate of increase (ri) but the reduction was merely 4–6%, 9–11%, and 2–3%, respectively. Female longevity was significantly reduced (approximately by half a day) only after treatment with 240 mg/L. In the second bioassay, in which females were treated during their pre-ovipositional period, the treatments with 240 and 120 mg/L significantly reduced their gross fecundity (16–17%), net fecundity (28–31%), ri values (8–9%) and female longevity (approximately by one day). Spinosad effects on the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and other demographic parameters were evaluated in two successive bioassays in which life tables were constructed for females that survived treatment with 120 mg/L at the egg stage (first demographic bioassay) or pre-ovipositional period (second demographic bioassay). In the first bioassay, the intrinsic rate of increase was significantly higher in treated (rm = 0.278) than control mites (rm = 0.267) as a result of higher net fertility at the beginning of reproduction of treated females. In the second bioassay, treated females had significantly lower rm than control females (0.254 and 0.283, respectively). The results obtained in this study indicate that spinosad, applied against insect pests (at field relevant rates of 60–240 mg/L), could eliminate a part of T. urticae population as well, but survivors would retain a significant potential for population recovery. 

scholarly journals Effects of B-azolemiteacrylic on life-history traits and demographic parameters of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suqin Shang ◽  
Yun Chang ◽  
Wei-Zhen Li ◽  
Wang Chang-Qing ◽  
Nie Peng-Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Population Doubling ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Doubling Time ◽  
Developmental Duration ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

AbstractThe present study was conducted to evaluate sublethal effects of B-azolemiteacrylic on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Female adults of T. urticae were exposed to LC10 and LC30 of the acaricide, and the effects on treated females and their offspring were evaluated. The results showed that the fecundity of F0 female adults treated with LC10 and LC30 of B-azolemiteacrylic was reduced by 30.9 and 39.2%, respectively. Longevity and oviposition period of the females were significantly reduced as well. The developmental duration of egg and deutonymph stage of the F1 generation were not significantly different from that of the control. The protonymph stage after LC30 treatment lasted significantly longer, whereas the larva, deutonymph and female stage were significantly shorter than the control. The oviposition period of the F1 generation was significantly shortened, the fecundity of each female decreased significantly, and the ratio of female-to-male was reduced too. Moreover, the average generation period of T. urticae after LC10 and LC30 treatments was shorter than that of the control, and the net production rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (λ) were all reduced by 33.3, 7.5 and 1.9% (LC10 treatment) and by 51.3, 14.8 and 3.6% (LC30 treatment), respectively. The population doubling time was prolonged by 7.5 and 14.8% after LC10 and LC30 treatments, respectively, compared with the control. These results indicate that B-azolemiteacrylic may effectively inhibit the development rate of the F0 and F1 populations of T. urticae, which will help design integrated strategies for the comprehensive control of T. urticae and rational use of pesticides in the field.

scholarly journals The effects of Kingbo biopesticide on Tetranychus urticae Koch female adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Medjo ◽  
Dejan Marcic
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays ◽  
Concentration Series

Toxic and sublethal effects of the biopesticide Kingbo (oxymatrine 0.2% + psoralen 0.4%) on female adults of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) were investigated in two laboratory bioassays. The assays were set up in four replicates on bean leaf discs (30 mm in diameter) placed on moistened cotton wads in Petri dishes. Preovipositional females were then released on them and treated directly with the biopesticide at a concentration series using a Potter device (2 ml liquid, 100 kPa air pressure, 2.7 ? 0.2 mg/cm2 aqueous deposit). Each replicate included 4-7 Petri dishes containing a total of 20-35 females. In the first assay, females were exposed to continuous acaricidal activity on treated discs over a period of 96 h; in the second assay, they were exposed for 24 h and then transferred to untreated discs and kept there for the next 72 h. Kingbo toxicity to females, expressed as LC50, was significantly higher in the first bioassay (14.83 ?l/l) than in the second one (26.39 ?l/l). Total gross fecundity of females in the first assay was reduced by 37-95% and net fecundity by 48-97%, depending on concentration; in the second assay, the respective fecundity reductions were 15-87% and 23-91%. We found that a 24 h exposure to the biopesticide Kingbo was sufficient for sustaining significant toxic and sublethal effects. Further research should provide additional data on the recovery potential of T. urticae populations.

Residual and sublethal effects of fenpyroximate and pyridaben on the instantaneous rate of increase of Tetranychus urticae

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 542-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minsik Kim ◽  
Cheolho Sim ◽  
Dongyoung Shin ◽  
Eunho Suh ◽  
Kijong Cho
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

scholarly journals Soybean (Glycine max L Merr) host-plant defenses and resistance to the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258198
Author(s):  
Ian M. Scott ◽  
Tim McDowell ◽  
Justin B. Renaud ◽  
Sophie W. Krolikowski ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Specialized Metabolites ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

In southern Ontario, Canada, the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) is an emerging pest of soybean (Glycine max) due to the increasing incidence of warmer, drier weather conditions. One key strategy to manage soybean pests is breeding resistant cultivars. Resistance to pathogens and herbivores in soybean has been associated with isoflavonoid phytoalexins, a group of specialized metabolites commonly associated with root, leaf and seed tissues. A survey of 18 Ontario soybean cultivars for spider mite resistance included evaluations of antibiosis and tolerance in relation to isoflavonoid and other metabolites detected in the leaves. Ten-day and 4-week trials beginning with early growth stage plants were used to compare survival, growth, fecundity as well as damage to leaves. Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM) counts were correlated with HPLC measurements of isoflavonoid concentration in the leaves and global metabolite profiling by high resolution LC-MS to identify other metabolites unique to the most resistant (R) and susceptible (S) cultivars. Within 10 days, no significant difference (P>0.05) in resistance to TSSM was determined between cultivars, but after 4 weeks, one cultivar, OAC Avatar, was revealed to have the lowest number of adult TSSMs and their eggs. Other cultivars showing partial resistance included OAC Wallace and OAC Lakeview, while Pagoda was the most tolerant to TSSM feeding. A low, positive correlation between isoflavonoid concentrations and TSSM counts and feeding damage indicated these compounds alone do not explain the range of resistance or tolerance observed. In contrast, other metabolite features were significantly different (P<0.05) in R versus S cultivars. In the presence of TSSM, the R cultivars had significantly greater (P<0.05) concentrations of the free amino acids Trp, Val, Thr, Glu, Asp and His relative to S cultivars. Furthermore, the R cultivar metabolites detected are viable targets for more in-depth analysis of their potential roles in TSSM defense.

Sublethal effects of chlorfenapyr on the life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloufar Sangak Sani Bozhgani ◽  
Hamid Ghobadi ◽  
Elham Riahi
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Pest Mite ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations ◽  
Lethal Doses

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a well-known pest mite with an extensive host range worldwide. The control of T. urticae populations mostly relies on the application of synthetic acaricides or pesticides. Chlorfenapyr is a broad spectrum insecticide/miticide effective against agriculturally important pests. In this study, sublethal effects (LC10, LC20 and LC30) of this insecticide on demographic parameters of T. urticae based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory were investigated under laboratory conditions [25 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 5 % RH and 16:8 (L:D) h]. According to the obtained results, the LC50 value for females of T. urticae was 47.66 ppm. The egg incubation, protonymph, as well as deutonymph durations of both sexes were significantly reduced as a consequence of treatment with LC20 and LC30 of chlorfenapyr. In addition, our results indicated that oviposition period in LC10 lasted 9.62 days, which was closer to the control (9.73 days); while it significantly decreased with increasing the concentration from LC20 to LC30. Furthermore, LC20 and LC30 treatments decreased the fecundity of females by 55.5% and 61.6%, respectively. The values of both intrinsic (r) and finite rates of increase (λ) at LC20 and LC30 was significantly inferior to other experimental treatments. It could be concluded that along with the lethal doses, the sublethal concentrations of chlorfenapyr profoundly reduced the population growth rate of T. urticae.

scholarly journals Effects of spirodiclofen on the reproductive potential of two-spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) ovipositing females

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Marcic ◽  
Irena Ogurlic ◽  
P. Peric
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

A laboratory bioassay was conducted to evaluate the effects of spirodiclofen on the survival and reproduction of young and mated females of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch). The females were sprayed with a series of acaricide concentrations (96, 48, 24, 12, and 6 mg/l) 24-30 h after adult emergence, i.e., at the age most likely to exhibit dispersal behavior and close to their reproductive maximum. The proportions of T. urticae females that survived treatment without symptoms of poisoning were concentration-dependent, ranging between 0.41 and 0.88 (0.96 in the control). With the exception of females that survived 6 mg/l, fecundity of the treated female mites was strongly affected during the exposure, compared to the control. The mean daily fecundity (EL) and mean daily fertility (EH) of surviving females, transferred daily to new leaf disks over the following five days, significantly decreased as spirodiclofen concentrations increased. In treatments with 6 mg/l and 12 mg/l, only the latter concentration significantly reduced both EL and EH, compared to the control. In females that survived 24 mg/l and 48 mg/l, these life history parameters were reduced by over 90%, while treatment with 96 mg/l completely terminated egg-laying. The treated females lived for a significantly shorter time than untreated ones, with the exception of females that survived 6 mg/l. Compared to the control females, gross fecundity (GL) and gross fertility (GH) of the treated females were strongly reduced on the first and second day; from the third day onward, females treated with the lowest concentrations achieved marked recovery, their GL and GH going even above the values in the control. However, net fecundity (NL) and net fertility (NH) of all treated females decreased considerably throughout the trial, indicating that survival rates of these females were lower, compared to the control. Calculated as total sums of gross and net daily schedules within five days, fecundity and fertility significantly decreased as spirodiclofen concentration increased. The two lowest concentrations failed to achieve a significant reduction of GL, while GH, NL, and NH were significantly lower than control values starting with the females treated with 6 mg/L. A high percentage of unhatched eggs, especially during the initial two days after treatment (35-100%), further contributed to the significant reduction in fertility of the females treated with spirodiclofen. All concentrations of spirodiclofen significantly reduced the instantaneous rate of increase. Regression analysis showed a linear population decline with increased acaricide concentrations (y = 1.13 - 0.24x; R2 = 0.91, p < 0.05).

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF Tetranychus urticae KOCH (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) IN DIFFERENT STRAWBERRY CULTIVARS

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
FÁBIO KARLEC ◽  
ADRIANE DA FONSECA DUARTE ◽  
ANA CLÁUDIA BARNECHE DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
UEMERSON SILVA DA CUNHA
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

ABSTRACT Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is considered the main pest in strawberry crop. The control of this species is hampered by the low efficiency of products currently used, occurrence of populations resistant to acaricides and high reproductive potential of this pest. This leads to the use of pesticides and increased agrochemical residues in fruits. The use of resistant cultivars is considered the ideal control method because they maintain mite populations below levels of economic damage, minimize the environmental impact of pesticides at no extra cost to the farmer, and serve as an auxiliary tool in integrated pest management. In this sense, this study evaluated the resistance of strawberry cultivars to T. urticae by studying the development of its biological aspects. Comparative biology experiments and non-preference tests for feeding and oviposition for spider mite were carried out in 16 strawberry cultivars under laboratory conditions. Based on results, it was found that Camarosa, Florida Festival, IAC Campinas and Sabrosa strawberry cultivars indicated the possibility of antibiosis type resistance to spider mite, influencing the preference to food, development and oviposition, indicating the existence of differentiated reaction in population development among cultivars.

scholarly journals Life table of Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranycidae) on different Turkish eggplant cultivars under controlled conditions

Acarologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Nabi Alper Kumral ◽  
Pınar Hephızlı Göksel ◽  
Elif Aysan ◽  
Ayşenur Kolcu
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Natural Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development Duration ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Net Reproduction

The life table parameters of Tetranychus urticae were evaluated on 7 eggplant cultivars namely, Anamur, Aydin Siyahi, Balikesir 76, Kemer, Pala 49, Topan 374, Yalova Topan, in controlled laboratory conditions in day ight for 16 hours 27 +/- 1 °C temperature, 65% relative humidity. Assays were conducted on eggplant leaflets in Petri dishes. There was a significant difference in the durations of egg and juvenile development of T. urticae. However the survival rates of T. urticae were not significantly different on the tested eggplant cultivars. The values of the natural rate of increase, rm, (0.218-0.269), net reproduction rate, R0, (26.74-45.51) and the mean generation time, T, (13.31-15.45) significantly differed among eggplant cultivars. Notably, the shortest development duration as indicated by the lowest rm and R0 values were observed on Pala 49 followed by Anamur and Balikesir 76 cultivars.

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