scholarly journals Field efficacy of fluopicolide and fosetyl-Al fungicide combination (Profiler®) for control of plasmopara viticola (Berk. & Curt.) Berl. & Toni. in grapevine

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Rekanovic ◽  
Ivana Potocnik ◽  
Milos Stepanovic ◽  
Svetlana Milijasevic ◽  
Biljana Todorovic
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Fungicide Mixtures ◽  
Grape Downy Mildew ◽  
Disease Pressure

The efficacy of new fungicide mixtures in controlling Plasmopara viticola in grapevine was evaluated in field trials. The efficacies of Profiler (fluopicolide + fosetyl-Al) and the standard fungicide Mikal Flash (fosetyl-Al + folpet) were tested at Radmilovac and Slankamenacki Vinogradi in 2006 and 2007. Both tested fungicides exhibited high efficacy in controlling grape downy mildew. There were no significant differencies in the efficacies of Profiler (96.1-99.7%) and Mikal Flash (94.9-99.2%). Our experiments showed that the investigated fungicide mixture fluopicolide + fosetyl-Al is highly effective against P. viticola, even when it it is applied at long intervals and under high disease pressure.

scholarly journals Field efficacy of mandipropamid for the control of potato late blight

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Emil Rekanovic ◽  
Milos Stepanovic ◽  
Milan Stevic ◽  
Ivana Potocnik ◽  
Biljana Todorovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Potato Late Blight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Disease Pressure

The efficacy of mandipropamid (Revus 250 SC) in controlling Phytophthora infestans in potato was evaluated in field trials. The efficacies of Revus 250 SC in comparison with standard fungicides Quadris (azoxystrobin) were tested in several localities in Serbia (Kasarske Livade, Valjevska Kamenica and Opovo) in 2007 and 2008. Both of the tested fungicides exhibited high efficacy in controlling potato late blight. The differencies in the efficacy of Revus 250 SC (96.3- 99.2%) and Quadris (94.1-95.5%) were insignificant. Our experiments showed that the investigated fungicide was highly effective against P. infestans even under high disease pressure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Disease Warning System for Downy Mildew of Grapes

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Madden ◽  
M. A. Ellis ◽  
N. Lalancette ◽  
G. Hughes ◽  
L. L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Subsequent Infection ◽  
Grape Downy Mildew

An electronic warning system for grape downy mildew— based on models for the infection of leaves of Vitis lambrusca, production of sporangia by Plasmopara viticola in lesions, and sporangial survival—was tested over 7 years in Ohio. Grapevines were sprayed with metalaxyl plus mancozeb (Ridomil MZ58) when the warning system indicated that environmental conditions were favorable for sporulation and subsequent infection. Over the 7 years, plots were sprayed from one to four times according to the warning system, and from four to 10 times according to the standard calendar-based schedule (depending on the date of the initiation of the experiment). The warning system resulted in yearly reductions of one to six sprays (with median of three sprays). Disease incidence (i.e., proportion of leaves with symptoms) in unsprayed plots at the end of the season ranged from 0 to 86%, with a median of 68%. Incidence generally was very similar for the warning-system and standard-schedule treatments (median of 7% of the leaves with symptoms), and both of these incidence values were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that found for the unsprayed control, based on a generalized-linear-model analysis. Simplifications of the disease warning system, where sprays were applied based only on the infection or sporulation components of the system, were also effective in controlling the disease, although more fungicide applications sometimes were applied. Effective control of downy mildew, therefore, can be achieved with the use of the warning system with fewer sprays than a with a standard schedule.

scholarly journals Geographic Distribution of Cryptic Species of Plasmopara viticola Causing Downy Mildew on Wild and Cultivated Grape in Eastern North America

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 692-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Rouxel ◽  
Pere Mestre ◽  
Anton Baudoin ◽  
Odile Carisse ◽  
Laurent Delière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Grape Downy Mildew ◽  
Parthenocissus Quinquefolia

The putative center of origin of Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grape downy mildew, is eastern North America, where it has been described on several members of the family Vitaceae (e.g., Vitis spp., Parthenocissus spp., and Ampelopsis spp.). We have completed the first large-scale sampling of P. viticola isolates across a range of wild and cultivated host species distributed throughout the above region. Sequencing results of four partial genes indicated the presence of a new P. viticola species on Vitis vulpina in Virginia, adding to the four cryptic species of P. viticola recently recorded. The phylogenetic analysis also indicated that the P. viticola species found on Parthenocissus quinquefolia in North America is identical to Plasmopara muralis in Europe. The geographic distribution and host range of five pathogen species was determined through analysis of the internal transcribed spacer polymorphism of 896 isolates of P. viticola. Among three P. viticola species found on cultivated grape, one was restricted to Vitis interspecific hybrids within the northern part of eastern North America. A second species was recovered from V. vinifera and V. labrusca, and was distributed across most of the sampled region. A third species, although less abundant, was distributed across a larger geographical range, including the southern part of eastern North America. P. viticola clade aestivalis predominated (83% of isolates) in vineyards of the European winegrape V. vinifera within the sampled area, indicating that a single pathogen species may represent the primary threat to the European host species within eastern North America.

scholarly journals Warburgia ugandensis Leaf and Bark Extracts: An Alternative to Copper as Fungicide against Downy Mildew in Organic Viticulture?

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2765
Author(s):  
Christian Kraus ◽  
Rada Abou-Ammar ◽  
Andreas Schubert ◽  
Michael Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Intensive Use

In organic viticulture, copper-based fungicides are commonly used to suppress Downy Mildew infection, caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola. However, the frequent and intensive use of such fungicides leads to accumulation of the heavy metal in soil and nearby waters with adverse effects on the ecosystem. Therefore, alternative, organic fungicides against Downy Mildew are urgently needed to reduce the copper load in vineyards. In this study, the use of Warburgia ugandensis Sprague (Family Canellacea) leaf and bark extracts as potential fungicides against Downy Mildew were evaluated. In vitro (microtiter) and in vivo (leaf discs, seedlings) tests were conducted, as well as field trials to determine the efficacy of the extracts against Downy Mildew. The results revealed an MIC100 of 500 µg/mL for the leaf extract and 5 µg/mL for the bark extract. Furthermore, experiments with leaf discs and seedlings demonstrated a strong protective effect of the extracts for up to 48 h under (semi-) controlled conditions. However, in field trials the efficacy of the extracts distinctly declined, regardless of the extracts’ origin and concentration.

scholarly journals First Report of Carboxylic Acid Amide Fungicide Resistance in Plasmopara viticola (Grapevine Downy Mildew) in North America

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuewen Feng ◽  
Anton Baudoin
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
North America ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Carboxylic Acid Amide ◽  
Grapevine Downy Mildew ◽  
Grape Downy Mildew ◽  
Caa Fungicides

This report documents the first known occurrence in North America of resistance in grape downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) to the carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicides mandipropamid and dimethomorph. These fungicides (FRAC group 40) have been an important component of downy mildew management programs for the past decade. Resistant isolates were obtained at three locations in Virginia and one in North Carolina, at considerable distances from each other. Resistance was documented by bioassay and the presence of the G1105S mutation, which has been associated with CAA resistance of P. viticola in other areas. Further survey is needed to determine the geographic extent of this resistance.

Differences in zoospore germination and host penetration in response to temperature among Western Australian isolates of Plasmopara viticola

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Williams ◽  
P. A. Magarey ◽  
K. Sivasithamparam
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Early Infection ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Host Penetration ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Grape Downy Mildew ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Western Australian

Plasmopara viticola, causal agent of grape downy mildew, was first detected in Western Australia (WA) in widespread commercial viticulture in the Swan Valley (–31.85 S, 116.02 E) in 1998. It has since been found in all viticultural areas in WA, which extend from the far north (–15.75 S, 128.74 E) to the far south (–35.02 S, 117.80 E) of the state across a diverse range of climate zones. Not all of these zones are considered conducive for the development of grape downy mildew. The early infection behaviour of P. viticola isolates, obtained from climatically different grape-growing locations, was examined under different temperatures of incubation (10, 20, and 30°C). Variation in early infection behaviour was used to discern ecotypes of the pathogen. Ten isolates were obtained from WA and 8 of these responded similarly. Three isolates obtained from the east of Australia and used as comparisons in the study behaved similarly to most of the WA isolates. Zoospore germination and host penetration occurred at 10 and 20°C for all isolates. None of the isolates penetrated the host at 30°C. Only 2 isolates, from WA, germinated at 30°C. The early infection behaviour of most of the P. viticola isolates examined in this study appears to be reasonably analogous, despite the influence of varied local environmental conditions. The capacity of certain isolates to germinate under a wider spectrum of temperatures could be indicative of ecotypic specialisation. Such behaviour could confer advantage for the pathogen in viticultural regions that experience high temperatures throughout the growing season.

scholarly journals Climatic risk of grape downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) for the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (spe) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emília Hamada ◽  
Raquel Ghini ◽  
Paulo Rossi ◽  
Mário José Pedro Júnior ◽  
Jeferson Lobato Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Grape Downy Mildew

Viticulture in Brazil has been growing in importance in recent years. In the State of São Paulo, a significant percentage of the production is basically destined to in natura consumption and, more recently, much effort has been made by institutions to revitalize the viticulture in the State. Among fungal diseases, the downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) is one of the main diseases affecting this crop in Brazil, with extreme damage effects on its production. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of the downy mildew on grape under the climatic conditions of the State of São Paulo, based on a mathematical model and using Geographical Information System - GIS tools. The study considered the months from September to April, a period in which the downy mildew can affect grapevines under development. Mean temperature and relative humidity were the basic weather data entered in the GIS database. Leaf wetness duration was estimated from relative humidity measurements. Climatic data entered in the GIS were used to calculate and produce maps depicting the severity of the grape downy mildew, through the application of a disease model. Three cities were evaluated (Jales, Jundiaí, and São Miguel Arcanjo), since they represent the main vineyard centers in the State. The adopted methodology permitted quantifying the severity of the grape downy mildew not only in spatial terms, identifying the variability among the different regions of the State, but also in temporal terms, along the months, making an adequate distinction of the studied cities.

scholarly journals Testing of paraffin oil efficiency against grape powdery mildew in Eger wine region

2016 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Xénia Pálfi ◽  
Dénes Bisztray ◽  
Szabolcs Villangó ◽  
Zita Pálfi ◽  
Tamás Deák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Erysiphe Necator ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Paraffin Oil ◽  
Wine Region ◽  
Grape Varieties

The aim of the present study was to examine the efficiency of paraffin oil against powdery mildew in Eger wine region. The experiment has been carried out in 2013 and 2014 with Chardonnay and Kékfrankos grape varieties, which have different resistance against powdery mildew. The effectiveness of the oil was examined on leaves and clusters (frequency and intensity). This oil was effective against Erysiphe necator infection on field trials in Chile and Brazil. The spread of downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) was also inhibited by this material in some experiments conducted in Spain and France. The differences between oil treatments represented the sensitivity of the grape varieties in accordance with the applied dosages. The oil was effective against powdery mildew with different extent as a result of the so called ”vintage effect”. In 2013, the treatment of the highest dosage (D3) didn’t differed significantly in frequency and intensity of infection from the regular treatment (clusters of Kékfrankos, leaves of Chardonnay). In 2014, the oil was not so effective against powdery mildew compared to 2013. No remarkable differences were detected between the treatments due to the strong pressure of powdery mildew. Furthermore, no any effect of the lowest dosage (D1) was detected in the case of the sensitive clusters of Chardonnay and leaves of Kékfrankos in both experimental years. In summary, the oil treatment has an effect against powdery mildew, however this efficiency largely depends on the vintage characteristics and the pressure of powdery mildew. Further investigations are neccessary, for example field trials with combinations of other sprays. The oil can be useable as fungicide with proper care in eco-friendly integrated and bio (ecological) viticulture.

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