scholarly journals Fabrication of kaolin hollow fibre membranes for bacteria removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-313
Author(s):  
Flávia Magalhães ◽  
Eduardo Ferreira ◽  
Lidiane Bessa ◽  
Costa Dias ◽  
Adeodato Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Extrusion Rate ◽  
Bacteria Removal

This study examines the influence of the particle size, extrusion rate and sintering temperature on the characteristics of kaolin hollow fibre membranes. In addition, the produced membranes were applied for bacteria removal from an aqueous suspension. The milling process reduced the size of kaolin particles from 8.7 to 5.1 ?m and greatly enhanced the morphology and mechanical resistance of the produced membranes. The increase in the sintering temperature up to 1250?C caused crystallographic phase modifications in the crude kaolin, which were mainly assigned to transformations of quartz and kaolinite to mullite and cristobalite phases. The fibres sintered at 1250?C have bending strength of 145MPa, but this relatively high sintering temperature caused a substantial particle densification and drastic decrease of the membrane water permeability. The kaolin hollow fibre membranes enabled almost total removal of the Enterobacter bacteria from an aqueous suspension.

Preparation of Microcrystalline CBN Abrasive

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 933-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Ju Zhang ◽  
Zhi Hong Li ◽  
Zi Cheng Li ◽  
Yu Mei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics ◽  
Vitrified Bond ◽  
Sintering Method ◽  
Addition Amount

In this paper microcrystalline CBN abrasives are prepared with CBN powders and vitrified bond additives by pressureless sintering method. Mechanical properties of the products are measured by using single particle compressive strength tester and three-point bending strength tester. The effects of vitrified bond additives, the CBN powders particle size and the sintering temperature on the performance of microcrystalline CBN abrasives are investigated. The microstructure characteristics of microcrystalline CBN abrasives are examined. The results showed that the performance and microstructure of microcrystalline CBN abrasives are significantly influenced by particle size of CBN powder and the addition amount of vitrified bond.

Experimental Research on Sintering Amorphous Based Material with Iron-Tailings

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 722-729
Author(s):  
Hong Chao Deng
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintered Material ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Material Sample

The homogeneous mixture of iron tailings powder and glass powder is as the experimental material to sinter the amorphous based material. The particle size of the glass powder is less than 0.15 millimeter, and the particle size of the iron tailings powder is from 0.07 millimeter to 2 millimeter. The weight percentages of glass powder are 10% and 15% and 22% and 25% in the experimental material, respectively. The heating rate is about 170°C•min-1 and the maximum sintering temperature is 1150°C.They are proved by the analysis results of thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis with the experimental material. And the sintering temperature and the heating rate of the sintering experiments were based on them. The facts that the sintered material is mostly made up of amorphous substance and contains a certain amount of crystals and it’s micromechanism is amorphous are proved out by the experiments of scanning electron microscope. The testing results of the sintered material are these that the maximum density is 2.6g.cm-1, the maximum compressive strength is 94MPa, the maximum tensile strength is 5MPa, the maximum bending strength is 28MPa, the hydroscopicity and the radioactivity is zero, and it can not be eroded by acids and alkalis. When the sintered material contains 22% glass powder, the mechanical properties of the sintered material sample is same as marble.

scholarly journals Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Pressed Fe/FeAl2O4 Composite

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Kuai Zhang ◽  
Yungang Li ◽  
Hongyan Yan ◽  
Chuang Wang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Hot Press Sintering ◽  
Sintering Method

An Fe/FeAl2O4 composite was prepared with Fe-Fe2O3-Al2O3 powder by a hot press sintering method. The mass ratio was 6:1:2, sintering pressure was 30 MPa, and holding time was 120 min. The raw materials for the powder particles were respectively 1 µm (Fe), 0.5 µm (Fe2O3), and 1 µm (Al2O3) in diameter. The effect of sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe/FeAl2O4 composite was studied. The results showed that Fe/FeAl2O4 composite was formed by in situ reaction at 1300 °C–1500 °C. With the increased sintering temperature, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Fe/FeAl2O4 composite showed a change law that initially became better and then became worse. The best microstructure and optimal mechanical properties were obtained at 1400 °C. At this temperature, the grain size of Fe and FeAl2O4 phases in Fe/FeAl2O4 composite was uniform, the relative density was 96.7%, and the Vickers hardness and bending strength were 1.88 GPa and 280.0 MPa, respectively. The wettability between Fe and FeAl2O4 was enhanced with increased sintering temperature. And then the densification process was accelerated. Finally, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Fe/FeAl2O4 composite were improved.

Thermoelectric Properties of n-Type 90% Bi2Te3+10%Bi2Se3 Thermoelectric Materials Produced by Melt Spinning Method and Sintering

2007 ◽  
Vol 534-536 ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taek Soo Kim ◽  
Byong Sun Chun
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Thermoelectric Figure Of Merit ◽  
Vacuum Sintering ◽  
Thermoelectric Figure ◽  
Sintering Processes

N-type Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 solid solutions doped with CdCl2 was prepared by melt spinning, crushing and vacuum sintering processes. Microstructure, bending strength and thermoelectric property were investigated as a function of the doping quantity from 0.03wt.% to 0.10wt.% and sintering temperature from 400oC to 500oC, and finally compared with those of conventionally fabricated alloys. The alloy showed a good structural homogeneity as well as bending strength of 3.88Kgf/mm2. The highest thermoelectric figure of merit was obtained by doping 0.03wt.% and sintering at 500oC.

Effect of Spark Plasma Sintering on the Microstructure Evolution and Properties of M3:2 High-Speed Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Xiao Gang Diao ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Xiao Nan Du ◽  
Guo Ding Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Continuous Heating ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
The Impact

Effects of sintering temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical performance of SPS M3:2 high speed steel prepared by spark plasma sintering was studied. High speed steel sintering curve of continuous heating from ambient temperature to 1200°C was estimated to analyze the sintering processes and sintering temperature range. The sintering temperature within this range was divided into groups to investigate hardness, relative density and microstructure of M3:2 high-speed steel. Strip and quadrate carbides were observed inside the equiaxed grains. SPS sintering temperature at 900°C can lead to nearly full densification with grain size smaller than 20μm. The hardness and bending strength are higher than that of the conventionally powder metallurgy fabricated ones sintered at 1270°C. However, fracture toughness of the high speed steel is lower than that of the conventional powder metallurgy steels. This can be attributed to the shape and distribution of M6C carbides which reduce the impact toughness of high speed steels.

Fabrication of Stainless Steel Foams Using Polymeric Sponge Impregnation Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiang Yang Zhou ◽  
Bo Long
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Open Porosity ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Foam Sample ◽  
Cell Network ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Steel Foam

316L stainless steel foams (SSFs) are fabricated successfully by polymeric sponge impregnation technology. The effects of mass fractions of PVA and powder on LOAD in impregnated sponge samples are investigated, and the effects of sintering temperature on apparent density, open porosity and bending strength of SSFs samples are also discussed. The experimental results show that the impregnated sponge samples may hold excellent 3D open-cell network structure and uniform muscles when the mass fractions of PVA and powder in slurry are kept in 9-13 % and 52-75% respectively; with rising the sintering temperature, the apparent density and bending strength of SSFs gradually increases, the open porosity reduces. After the temperature exceeds 1260°C, the bending strength reduces oppositely. A stainless steel foam sample with open porosity of 81.4% and bending strength of about 56.8 Mpa can be obtained after sintering at 1260 °Cfor 30min.

Effects of TiN Content on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of ATN Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 589-590 ◽  
pp. 590-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Wang ◽  
Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Hot Press Sintering ◽  
Tin Content

In order to investigate the effects of TiN content on Al2O3/TiN ceramic material (ATN), the ATN ceramic materials were prepared of TiN content in 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% in the condition of hot press sintering. The sintering temperature is 1700°C, the sintering press is 32MPa, and the holding time are 5min, 10min, 15min. The effects of TiN content on mechanical properties and microstructure of ATN ceramic materials were investigated by analyzing the bending strength, hardness, fracture toughness. The results show that ATN50 has the best mechanical property, its bending strength is 659.41MPa, vickers hardness is 13.79GPa, fracture toughness is 7.06MPa·m1/2. It is indicated that the TiN content has important effect on microstructure and mechanical properties of ATN ceramic materials.

EFFECTS OF PARTICLE SIZE AND SINTERING TEMPERATURE ON SUPERELASTICITY BEHAVIOR OF NiTi SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY USING NANOINDENTATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150024
Author(s):  
C. VELMURUGAN ◽  
V. SENTHILKUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Niti Alloy ◽  
Indentation Load ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Recovery Ratio ◽  
Work Recovery ◽  
Niti Sma

The present study investigates the superelasticity properties of spark plasma sintered (SPS) nickel titanium shape memory alloy (NiTi SMA) with the influence of sintering temperature and particle size. The nanoindentation is conducted on the surface of the NiTi SMA at various loads such as 100, 300 and 500[Formula: see text]mN. The nanoindentation technique determines the quantitative results of elasto-plastic properties such as depth recovery in the form of superelasticity, stiffness, hardness and work recovery ratio from load–depth ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]) data during loading and unloading of the indenter. Experimental findings show that the depth and work recovery ratio increases with the decrease of indentation load and particle size. In contrast, increasing the sintering temperature exhibited a better depth and work recovery due to the removal of pores which could enhance the reverse transformation. The contact stiffness is influenced by [Formula: see text] which leads to attain a maximum stiffness at the highest load (500[Formula: see text]mN) and particle size (45[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m) along with the lowest sintering temperature (700∘C). NiTi alloy exhibited a maximum hardness of 9.46[Formula: see text]GPa when subjected to indent at the lowest load and particle size sintered at 800∘C. The present study reveals a better superelastic behavior in NiTi SMA by reducing the particle size and indentation load associated with the enhancement of sintering temperature.

scholarly journals Mechanical Milling-Assisted Spark Plasma Sintering of Fine-Grained W-Ni-Mn Alloy

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlin Pan ◽  
Daoping Xiang ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Zhishuai Fan
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Interface Fracture ◽  
Composite Powders ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Binding Phase ◽  
Spark Plasma

Fine-grained W-6Ni-4Mn alloys were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) using mechanical milling W, Ni and Mn composite powders. The relative density of W-6Ni-4Mn alloy increases from 71.56% to 99.60% when it is sintered at a low temperature range of 1000–1200 °C for 3 min. The spark plasma sintering process of the alloy can be divided into three stages, which clarify the densification process of powder compacts. As the sintering temperature increases, the average W grain size increases but remains at less than 7 µm and the distribution of the binding phase is uniform. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation reveals that the W-6Ni-4Mn alloy consists of the tungsten phase and the γ-(Ni, Mn, W) binding phase. As the sintering temperature increases, the Rockwell hardness and bending strength of alloys initially increases and then decreases. The optimum comprehensive hardness and bending strength of the alloy are obtained at 1150 °C. The main fracture mode of the alloys is W/W interface fracture.

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