scholarly journals A comparison of radiation shielding of stainless steel with different magnetic properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Calik ◽  
Sahin Akbunar ◽  
Nazim Ucar ◽  
Nihat Yilmaz ◽  
Serdar Karakas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Photon Energy ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Shielding Properties

The radiation shielding properties of three different stainless steels have been investigated. For this purpose, linear attenuation coefficients at photon energy levels of 662 keV and 1250 keV have been measured. The obtained results showed that ferritic stainless steel was more capable in stopping the high energy photons than its non-magnetic counterpart.

scholarly journals Impact of Modifier Oxides on Mechanical and Radiation Shielding Properties of B2O3-SrO-TeO2-RO Glasses (Where RO = TiO2, ZnO, BaO, and PbO)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10904
Author(s):  
M. I. Sayyed ◽  
M. Kh. Hamad ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Abu Mhareb ◽  
K. A. Naseer ◽  
K. A. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Transmission Factor ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Radiation Attenuation ◽  
Cross Linkage ◽  
Packed Structure ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Hardness Values

The influence of modifier oxides (TiO2, ZnO, BaO, and PbO) on the mechanical and radiation shielding properties of boro-tellurate glasses is investigated. Samples with a composition of B2O3-SrO-TeO2-RO (RO represents the modifier oxides) were fabricated using the melt quench method, and their physical, mechanical, and radiation attenuation parameters were reported. For this aim, Monte Carlo simulation was employed to predict the radiation attenuation parameters, while the Makishima-Mackenzie model was adopted to determine the mechanical properties. The tightly packed structure with better cross-linkage density is possessed by the Ti-containing glass (SBT-Ti) system among the titled glass batch. The higher Poisson and micro-hardness values of the SBT-Ti glass indicate its structure’s reduced free volume and better compactness. For the glass with PbO, the linear and mass attenuation coefficients are highly increased compared to those glasses doped with TiO2, ZnO, and BaO. The thinner half-value layer was reported at 0.015 MeV, taking values 0.006, 0.005, 0.004, and 0.002 for samples with TiO2, ZnO, BaO, and PbO, respectively. SBT-Pb sample (with PbO) has a thinner HVL compared to other fabricated glass samples. The fabricated glasses’ thickness (Deq) equivalent to 1 cm of lead (Pb) was reported. The results demonstrated that Deq is high at low energy and equals 11.62, 8.81, 7.61, 4.56 cm for SBT-Ti, SBT-Zn, SBT-Ba, and SBT-Pb glass samples, respectively. According to the Deq results, the fabricated glasses have a shielding capacity between 30 and 43% compared to the pure Pb at gamma-ray energy of 1.5 MeV. At high energy (8 MeV), the transmission factor values for a thickness of 1 cm of the fabricated samples reach 88.68, 87.83, 85.95, and 83.11% for glasses SBT-Ti, SBT-Zn, SBT-Ba, and SBT-Pb, respectively.

The Effect of Boronizing on the Radiation Shielding Properties of Steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 445-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskender Akkurt ◽  
Adnan Calik ◽  
Hakan Akyıldırım ◽  
Betul Mavi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Photon Energy ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Shielding Properties

The radiation shielding properties of steel and its variation with the boronizing process have been investigated. For this purposes the linear attenuation coefficients of steel have been measured before and after boronizing the steel at the photon energy of 662 and 1250 keV. The measured results before boronizing were compared with the theoretical calculation. It was clearly seen that boronizing improved the radiation shielding properties of steel.

Replacement of Lead by Green Tungsten-Brass Composites as a Radiation Shielding Material

2014 ◽  
Vol 679 ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Basheer Azeez ◽  
Kahtan S. Mohammed ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandhu ◽  
Azmi Rahmat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Linear Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Suitable Material

Lead metal proved to be toxic. Its lethal effect became eminent. Many developed countries have banned lead usage in various applications. Seeking alternative material to replace lead is a crucial goal. As density concerns, tungsten-brass composite is a good candidate for lead replacement. In this study the radiation shielding effects of tungsten-brass composites were evaluated. To attain this goal, four tungsten-brass sets were prepared. The tungsten (W) wt. % in these specimens was ranged from 50 to 80, the balance is brass. The specimens were sintered at 10500C in alumina tube furnace under protective environment. To evaluate the radiation shielding performance of these specimens, two gamma ray sources, 137Cs and 60Co were utilized. The photon energy levels for these sources were of o.662MeV and 1.25MeV respectively. The measurements were performed using gamma spectrometer contains NaI (Tl) detector. The anti-radiation performance of the tungsten-brass was correlated to that of lead under similar conditions. Vickers micro hardness, relative sintered density, micro structural characterisation and linear attenuation coefficient (μ) were carried out. Samples with the highest Weight percentage of W has the highest hardness value while the one with the lowest Weight percentage of W. The linear attenuation coefficients of the specimens were significantly improved by increasing the W wt. % of the specimen. The linear attenuation coefficients of the tested specimens ranged from 0.85±0.010cm-1 to 1.12±0.049cm-1for 60Co and0.73±0.012 cm-1 to 0.97±0.027 cm-1 for 137Cs. This result indicates that W-brass composites are suitable material for lead replacement as a shielding barrier.Keywords: Attenuation coefficient, radiation shielding, lead, tungsten-brass composites, NaI (Tl).

scholarly journals Radiation Shielding Properties Comparison of Pb-Based Silicate, Borate, and Phosphate Glass Matrices

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwimon Ruengsri
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Glass ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Total Attenuation ◽  
Shielding Properties ◽  
Glass Matrices ◽  
Mass Attenuation

Theoretical calculations of mass attenuation coefficients, partial interactions, atomic cross-section, and effective atomic numbers of PbO-based silicate, borate, and phosphate glass systems have been investigated at 662 keV. PbO-based silicate glass has been found with the highest total mass attenuation coefficient and then phosphate and borate glasses, respectively. Compton scattering has been the dominate interaction contributed to the different total attenuation coefficients in each of the glass matrices. The silicate and phosphate glass systems are more appropriate choices as lead-based radiation shielding glass than the borate glass system. Moreover, comparison of results has shown that the glasses possess better shielding properties than standard shielding concretes, suggesting a smaller size requirement in addition to transparency in the visible region.

scholarly journals CORROSION BEHAVIOUR OF AISI 460LI SUPER-FERRITIC STAINLESS STEEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Andrea Di Schino
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steels ◽  
Ferritic Alloys ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Super Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Market

<p class="AMSmaintext1"><span lang="EN-GB">Following nickel and molybdenum significant price increase, nowadays the stainless steel market is moving toward an increasing use of ferritic stainless steel instead of austenitic stainless and therefore to the development of advanced ferritic stainless steels grades aimed to substitute the more expensive austenitic materials in all applications allowing it. Super-ferritic stainless steels are higher chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) steels with properties similar to those of standard ferritic alloys. Such elements increase high temperature and corrosion resistance in strong environment. This paper deal about the corrosion resistance of super-ferritic stainless steels with a Cr content ranging from 21% to 24%. </span></p>

IMRE

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract IMRE is a free machining ferritic stainless steel with improved magnetic properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1153. Producer or source: Ugitech USA.

ARCELORMITTAL K36X

Alloy Digest ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Bend Strength

Abstract ArcelorMittal K36X is a ferritic stainless steel, mostly used as a stable price lower cost substitute for nickel containing austenitic stainless steels for corrosion applications. The “X” indicates this alloy is a muffler grade. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1068. Producer or source: Arcelor Stainless Processing LLC.

Correlating Microstructural Features and Surface Roughening in Ferritic Stainless Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 550 ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. Knutsen
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Surface Roughening ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steels ◽  
Transverse Strains ◽  
Different Levels

The surface ridging behaviour during tensile straining has been characterised for two ferritic stainless steels possessing different austenite potentials (0.1 and 0.6 respectively). Microstructural and texture heterogeneities have been detected to different levels in each steel and are used to explain the extent of surface ridging by considering a ridging mechanism arising from differential transverse strains. Orientation images are presented to trace the development of orientation clusters during recrystallisation.

The Effect of Heating Rate and Temperature on Microstructure and R-Value of Type 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 364-369
Author(s):  
Matias Jaskari ◽  
Antti Järvenpää ◽  
L. Pentti Karjalainen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Heating Rate ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steels ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
R Value

Typical applications of ferritic stainless steels require good formability of a steel that is highly dependent on the processing route. In this study, the effects of heating rate and peak temperature on the texture and formability of a 78% cold-rolled unstabilized 17%Cr (AISI 430) ferritic stainless steel were studied. The cold-rolled sheet pieces were heated in a Gleeble 3800 simulator at the heating rates of 25 °C/s and 500 °C/s up to various peak temperatures below 950 °C for 10 s holding before the final cooling at 35 °C/s to room temperature. Microstructures were characterized and the texture of the annealed samples determined by the electron backscatter diffraction method. The R-value in various directions was determined by tensile straining to 15%. It was established that the high heating rate of 500 °C/s tends to promote the nucleation of grains with the {111}<uvw> orientations during the early state of the recrystallization. The higher heating rate led to a slightly finer grain size and to a marginal improvement in the intensity of the gamma-fibre texture. A coarser grain size would be beneficial for the formability, but the grain growth was suppressed due to low peak temperatures and a short soaking time. Anyhow, the fast annealing resulted in an enhanced R-value in the transverse to rolling direction. The results indicate that even a short annealing cycle is plausible for producing ferritic stainless steels with the formability properties comparable to those of commercial counterparts.

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