scholarly journals Emergence of ethnochoreology internationally: The Jankovic sisters, Maud Karpeles, and Gertrude Kurath

Muzikologija ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 197-217
Author(s):  
Elsie Dunin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
The United States ◽  
Study Group ◽  
International Council ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S

A fifty-year (1962-2012) period has been shown as a history of ethnochoreology supported by living memories of members of the International Council for Traditional Music (ICTM) Study Group on Ethnochoreology. Recently uncovered and juxtapositioned correspondence of three predecessors within earlier years of the International Folk Music Council (IFMC) broadens the history. This article reveals the emergence of ethnochoreology during the 1950s with publications of the two Jankovic sisters in Serbia with that of Gertrude Kurath in the United States, alongside correspondence with Maud Karpeles, the unheralded founder of the IFMC.

The Rise and Fall of Ace Records: A Case Study in the Independent Record Business

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Mabry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
Record Industry ◽  
Rhythm And Blues ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Rock N Roll

The record industry in the United States was controlled until the 1950s by a half dozen major companies, which produced music directed primarily toward the white middle class. The following article uses the history of Ace Records, a small, regional, independent company, to examine the nature of the record industry in the 1950s and 1960s. The article explains the shifts in demography and technology that made possible the growth of the independents, as well as the obstacles and events that made their demise more likely. It also traces the changes that such companies, by recording and promoting rhythm and blues and early rock ‘n’ roll, introduced to the cultural mainstream.

scholarly journals The History of the Organized Pseudolegal Commercial Argument Phenomenon in Canada

2016 ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Netolitzky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Legal System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S

This article discusses the history of the poorly understood Organized Pseudolegal Commercial Arguments (OPCA) phenomena. Drawing from various reported and unreported sources, the author begins his review in the 1950s with two distinct pseudolegal traditions that evolved separately in both the United States and Canada. Focusing on the prominent members of each era of the OPCA movement, the author explains in depth the concepts behind the movement and what it means for the legal system in Canada today. The article culminates with an analysis of the current OPCA groups and how Canadian courts should respond to future OPCA litigants, while also giving reasons as to why it is important for Canadians to take notice of this movement due to potential security risks.

Conclusion

No Man's Land ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Hahamovitch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Illegal Immigration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigration Reform ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S

This concluding chapter considers the possibilities for change and improvement over current iterations of guestworker programs in the United States. If the history of guestworkers in the country demonstrates anything, this chapter argues, it is that guestworker programs are not an alternative to illegal immigration. Rather, the two systems of recruiting foreign labor have always existed in symbiosis. But can such an oppressive situation be reformed? The chapter turns to a few solutions; such as the adoption of the European guestworker programs of the 1950s and 1960s, collective bargaining and advocacy work, government intervention and worker vigilance, and finally and most importantly, immigration reform.

Background in the United States and Great Britain to 1950

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
The United States ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
The Public ◽  
The 1950S

Throughout the twentieth century, folk music has had many definitions and incarnations in the United States and Great Britain. The public has been most aware of its commercial substance and appeal, with the focus on recording artists and their repertoires, but there has been so much more, including a political agenda, folklore theories, grassroots styles, regional promoters, and discussions on what musical forms—blues, hillbilly, gospel, Anglo-Saxon, pop, singer-songwriters, instrumental and/or vocal, international—should be included. These contrasting and conflicting interpretations were particularly evident during the 1950s. This chapter begins by focusing on Alan Lomax (1915–2002), one of the most active folk music collectors, radio promoters, and organizers during the 1940s. Lomax had a major influence on folk music in both the United States and Great Britain, tying together what had come before and what would follow. The chapter then discusses folk festivals and performers; British folk music, musicians, and trans-Atlantic musical connections; and Carl Sandburg's publication of the The American Songbag in 1927.

The Struggle over Management Rights at US Steel, 1946-1960: A Reassessment of Section 2-B of the Collective Bargaining Contract

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Rose
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
The Us ◽  
Cost Reductions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
The 1950S

The steel industry has been criticized for unnecessarily provoking the lengthy 1959 strike that allowed steel imports to penetrate the United States market. The industry demanded from the union the revision of a collective bargaining clause that protected local working practices. Historians have viewed the clause as inconsequential and the industry's demand for revision unnecessary. This article explores the US Steel Corporation's history of cost reductions and modernization during the 1950s in relation to this contract clause. It argues that the corporation's 1959 bargaining stance, although tactically flawed, made strategic sense given US Steel's decision to cut costs through crew reductions and incremental technological changes at its older mills.

scholarly journals Inventing “Populism”: Notes for the Genealogy of a Paranoid Concept

Genealogy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Damiano Palano
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
United States ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Theoretical Category ◽  
Popular Party

This article proposes a “genealogical” rereading of the concept of “populism”. Following the idea of “genealogical” analysis that was suggested by Michel Foucault, the aim is to show the “political” logic of the reinvention of the concept of “populism”, which was carried out between the 1950s and 1960s by the social sciences in the United States. First, this contribution reconstructs the history of the concept, identifying five different phases: (1) Russian populism of the late nineteenth century; (2) the Popular Party in the United States; (3) the Perón and Vargas regimes in Argentina and Brazil, respectively; (4) the reformulation carried out by the social sciences in the 1950s and 1960s; and (5) the subsequent extension of the concept to Western Europe. It is argued that the decisive turning point took place in the 1950s when the social sciences “grouped” the traits of heterogeneous movements into a single theoretical category.

scholarly journals Nasionalisme Eropa dan Pengaruhnya Pada Lagu Seriosa di Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayu Tresna Yunita
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
The United States ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
Dutch Colonial

Gerakan nasionalisme berkembang di Eropa pada tahun 1830 dan menyebar ke berbagai negara di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Gerakan nasionalisme Eropa pada perkembangannya memberi pengaruh yang besar terhadap perkembangan nasionalisme di kawasan Asia-Afrika khususnya di Indonesia dan perkembangan dalam sejarah musik. Gerakan nasionalisme dalam musik diawali di Rusia lalu kemudian diikuti gerakan nasionalisme di negara-negara Skadinavia, Spanyol, Italia, Hongaria, Inggris dan Amerika Serikat. Nasionalisme Eropa mempengaruhi beberapa komponis dalam menciptakan karya musiknya. Mereka memasukkan unsur-unsur melodi dan syair yang sesuai dengan musik rakyat dan yang sudah dikenal oleh masyarakat mereka. Di Indonesia, nasionalisme membuat para komponis Indonesia menciptakan lagu dengan tujuan mengobarkan semangat berjuang untuk melepaskan diri dari penjajah. Beberapa komponis Indonesia pada waktu jaman itu antara lain, W.R. Supratman, Kusbini, Ismail Marzuki dan Cornel Simanjuntak. Lagu seriosa yang diciptakan para komponis Indonesia mempunyai peranan yang besar terhadap perjuangan mencapai kemerdekaan. Lagu-lagu seriosa yang diciptakan dengan menggunakan ilmu-ilmu musik dari Barat seperti tangganada diatonis, harmoni, struktur bentuk lagu, ritmes dan lain sebagainya merupakan hasil pengaruh musikal dari Barat.Kata kunci: Nasionalisme, pengaruh musikal, lagu seriosaABSTRACTNasionalism in Europ and Its Impact on Indonesian Seriosa Song. The growing of nationalism movements in Europe in 1830 had spread out to all over the world, as well as in Indonesia. It gave considerable influence on the development of nationalism in Asia and Africa, especially in Indonesia, in term of the development in the history of music. The nationalism movement in music began in Russia and then was followed by the movement of nationalism in Scandinavian countries, Spain, Italy, Hungary, the United Kingdom and the United States. European nationalism has affected several composers in creating their music as they incorporate elements of melody and lyric in accordance with folk music which they have been familiar with. In Indonesia, nationalism made Indonesian composers created songs as an expression of their spirit against the Dutch colonial government. Some of Indonesian composers at that time, among others, were WR Supratman, Kusbini, Ismail Marzuki and Cornel Simanjuntak. Seriosa Song composed by Indonesian composers who had an important role to fight for the Indonesian independence. Seriosa songs which are created by using western musical’s standard as diatonic scales, harmony, the structure of a song form, rhyme, and so forth can be said as a result of the western musical influences.Keywords: Nationalism, musical influences, seriosa song

scholarly journals The mechanical monster and discourses of fear and fascination in the early history of the computer

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Grenham
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Technical Application ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Digital Computers

AbstractThis article explores the concept of monstrosity in relation to the development of digital computers during the 1950s in the United States. Discourse analysis of public representations of early digital computers reveals a consistent appropriation of monstrosity as a metaphor to capture cultural fears of human-mechanical hybridity and technological autonomy. Deconstructing the development and application of this metaphor provides valuable insight into cultural attitudes about computers during this period. Through this analysis, the development of the computer appears as simultaneously following its own unique trajectory while also coinciding with broader trends in the cultural histories of new technologies. In particular, the example of the computer epitomises a dichotomy of fear and fascination, which is frequently seen in response to new technologies. Specific examples of early computers that are considered include ENIAC, WHIRLWIND, and UNIVAC. The public representation of and responses to each of these machines demonstrates a fundamental division between admiration at their technical application and concern over their apparently unlimited potential. This dichotomy is identified particularly through examination of contemporaneous popular cultural representations. Images of monstrosity are also shown to be consistent in these public representations, with rhetoric focusing in particular on anthropomorphic machines and human-mechanical hybridity. As a result, the fears of scientific creation encapsulated by Shelley’s depiction of Frankenstein’s monster can be seen to play out over a century later through the ‘mechanical monsters’ of the 1950s United States.

Big Bill Broonzy

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-147
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Greene
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Black Music ◽  
Racial Boundaries ◽  
Folk Music Revival ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Iconic Figure

While touring Europe through the 1950s, Big Bill became a legendary musician whose music and history mesmerized European audiences in the UK and on the continent. Although successful, his tours there added frustrations and created personal relationships that would stay with him until the end of his life. In Holland, he met a young Dutch theatre costume designer with whom he fell in love and produced a son. From the early 1950s to his death in 1958, Big Bill would try to maintain his relationship with Pim van Isveldt while balancing the significant changes in his career and a wife back home in Chicago. Broonzy crafted celebrity in Europe that moved beyond the United States’ racial boundaries, eventually becoming an iconic figure for black music during the decade even if he had been marginalized within the folk music revival and changing music landscape back home.

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