scholarly journals Analysis of interjaw ratios in relation to permanent tooth size in subjects with class I malocclusion

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 343-348
Author(s):  
Gordana Filipovic ◽  
Mirjana Janosevic ◽  
Maja Stosic
Keyword(s):  
Contact Point ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Class I ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Tooth Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anterior Ratio

Introduction. A certain ratio of maxillary to mandibular tooth size is very important for the proper occlusion formation. In regular occlusion, the teeth must be proportional to size. A discrepancy in tooth size between the mandibular and maxillary arch is usually the cause of disharmonious occlusion ratios. One of the most widespread methods in determining of discrepancy in tooth size between the upper and lower jaw is the Bolton analysis of mesiodistal width of permanent teeth. Material and methods. The subjects of both sexes with the permanent dentition and occlusive ratio of Angle Class I classification had had the precise impressions taken on the basis of which the study models were obtained. 60 patients were selected for this investigation (30 males and 30 females) according to the following criteria: the presence of completely erupted teeth of permanent dentition from the first molar on one side to the first molar on the other side of the dental string; good quality of the study models; the absence of mesiodistal and occlusive abrasion, caries lesions, Class II fillings; the absence of prosthetic or composite restoration; the absence of anomalies in regard to shapes, structures and tooth development. We measured the mesiodistal width of each tooth from the first molar on one side to the first molar on the other side, from the mesial contact point to the distal contact point with the greatest interproximal distance. Results. The obtained results for mesiodistal tooth width of the right and left side do not show statistically significant differences. The mean values of the Bolton anterior ratio showed neither the sexual dimorphism nor did the mean values of the Bolton total ratio show any differences in sexes. The mean values of the Bolton anterior ratio in our examinees of both sexes are significantly higher compared to the values of Bolton norms. The mean values of the Bolton total ratios in our examinees of both sexes were not statistically different compared to the values of Bolton norms. Conclusion. Determining of intermaxillary ratios is an important diagnostic and prognostic value in orthodoncy since it offers a possibility to predict the outcome of orthodontic therapy applied on persons with tooth size discrepancy related to the upper and lower jaw.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Tooth Size Discrepancy between Male and Female Subjects Presenting with a Class I Malocclusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Eva Man Yee Leung ◽  
Yanqi Yang ◽  
Balvinder Khambay ◽  
Ricky Wing Kit Wong ◽  
Colman McGrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class I ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Southern Chinese ◽  
Size Discrepancy ◽  
Tooth Size Discrepancy ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Female Subjects

Objectives. To evaluate the tooth size discrepancy and Bolton’s ratios between male and female subjects with a Class I malocclusion. Materials and Methods. The digital e-models of 100 male and 100 female 12-year-old southern Chinese children with a Class I malocclusion were selected. The mesiodistal widths from permanent first molar to the contralateral side first molar of the upper and lower dentitions were measured. Differences between the tooth size discrepancy, together with the anterior and overall Bolton’s ratios between male and female subjects, were assessed using a two-sample t-test. A paired t-test was used to determine differences between antimetric pairs of teeth within the same arch. Results. Females had statistically significant smaller teeth than males (P < 0.05) except the upper left and lower left lateral incisor and lower left and right central incisors. The mean values of anterior Bolton’s ratios for males and females were 77.04 and 77.03, respectively (P > 0.05), while the mean values of overall Bolton’s ratios of male and female are 90.48 and 90.65, respectively (P < 0.05). The clinical significant differences (Cohen’s d > 0.2) for contralateral tooth size were shown on the maxillary canines, lateral incisors, and central incisors of males; and mandibular canines and lateral incisors of females. Conclusions. Southern Chinese females presenting with Class I malocclusions have smaller mesiodistal tooth dimensions compared to males. Both males and females presented several tooth size asymmetries. There are no statistical differences in anterior and overall Bolton’s ratios between the genders.

scholarly journals Human Mesiodistal Tooth Width Measurements and Comparison with Dental Cast in a Bangladeshi Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽  
Fazal Shahid ◽  
Kathiravan Purmal ◽  
MA Sikder ◽  
Mohammed Saifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Tooth Width ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Width Measurements ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Plaster Model ◽  
Dental Cast

ABSTRACT Aim This analysis was aimed to determine the mesiodistal tooth width of human teeth and to compare with the measurements on plaster model in a Bangladeshi population. Materials and methods The samples of 2,892 teeth of Bangladeshi subjects were collected for this purpose. This article presents mesiodistal tooth width measurements made on all types of teeth and compares with the mesiodistal tooth width measurements of dental cast collected from Bangladeshi subjects between the ages of 18 and 24 years. The mesiodistal dimension was recorded, involving the maximum mesiodistal dimension of each tooth when measurement was rendered parallel to the occlusal and labial surfaces. Descriptive and comparative statistics were applied. Results The mean, standard deviation and 95% confidence interval of mesiodistal tooth width measurements were determined and have been with the mesiodistal tooth width measurements of dental cast. Significant differences have been observed between mesiodistal tooth size of direct measurement on tooth (DMT) and measurement on plaster model (MPM) for the maxillary first molar (p < 0.001) and mandibular incisors to first premolar (p < 0.001). Conclusion These data should prove to be helpful to the practitioner for performing successful orthodontic treatment in Bangladeshi population. Clinical significance Direct measurement of mesiodistal tooth width and individual variation of maxillary and mandibular permanent central incisor to first molar of the Bangladeshi individuals showed some distinguishable features, which will certainly help an orthodontist for diagnosis and treatment plan of an orthodontic case. How to cite this article Alam MK, Shahid F, Purmal K, Sikder MA, Saifuddin M. Human Mesiodistal Tooth Width Measurements and Comparison with Dental Cast in a Bangladeshi Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(4):299-303.

Effect of grain or silage supplementation on meat quality attributes of cryptorchid lambs grazing lucerne or annual grass-clover pastures

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
DL Hopkins ◽  
PJ Holst ◽  
DG Hall
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ad Libitum

Objective and subjective tests for quality were performed on the meat from 40 cryptorchid second-cross lambs fed lucerne only (L; n = 8), lucerne plus an oat grain supplement ad libitum (LO; n = lo), lucerne plus wilted lucerne silage ad libitum (LS; n = 11), or an oat-lupin grain (3:1) supplement at 90% of ad libitum while grazing dry summer annual pasture (OL; n = 11). All carcasses complied with the Elite lamb specification of weight >22 kg and GR measurement 6-15 mm. There was no significant difference between groups for hot carcass weight, the mean (� s.e) values being 25.1 0.43, 25.2 � 0.36,25.2 � 0.38, and 25.3 � 0.36 kg for L, LS, LO, and OL groups, respectively. When the GR and fat depth over the eye muscle at the 12th rib were adjusted to a common carcass weight of 25.2 kg there was no significant difference between groups. There was no significant difference between groups for pH, or the colour values a*, b*, and L* of the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (a* is relative redness, b* relative yellowness, and L* relative lightness). The shear force values for the loin muscle were significantly (P<0.05) greater for lambs from group OL than for those from group LO. Cooking loss for the loin muscle was significantly (P<0.05) greater for OL lambs than all other groups. A comparison of the mean values for aroma and flavour showed the lambs from group OL produced meat that was considered significantly (P<0.05) less desirable for these characteristics, with other groups being similar. Meat from OL-fed lambs was considered oilier and less meaty than meat from lambs fed the other diets. There was a significant (P<0.05) difference in absolute scores between panellists, but their ranking was not affected and there was no panellist x sample interaction. Because many producers use grain supplements such as oats and lupins for finishing lambs on dry forages, further study is recommended that focuses on the interaction between supplement and the base forage.

A study of growth changes in the mandible from deciduous to permanent dentition

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Huey Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Changes ◽  
Ramus Height

This cross-sectional study investigated mandibular developmental changes in untreated normal Taiwanese from the deciduous to permanent dentition. Differences in the mean values for ramus height and body length between males and females were statistically significant after eruption of the permanent second molars. SNB angles significantly increased and gonial and L1-MP angles significantly decreased from deciduous to permanent dentition in both sexes. The SN-MP angle in females significantly decreased and ramus inclination in males significantly increased from the early mixed to permanent dentition.

scholarly journals THE RELIABILITY OF THE BOLTON RATIO WHEN APPLIED TO THE INDONESIAN POPULATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Joko Kusnoto
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anterior Ratio ◽  
Overall Ratio ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

  Objective: The objective of this study is to determine whether Bolton ratio can be applied clinically to the Indonesian population and to determine a more suitable Bolton ratio for the Indonesian population.Methods: This study was conducted on 120 readily available study models of treated cases comprising 37 males and 83 females. Two investigators separately measured the mesiodistal crown width of maxillary and mandibular tooth on each study model using sliding calipers. According to Bolton’s method, the overall and anterior ratios from each sample were calculated and the mean was generated. Using Student’s t-test with a 95% confidence interval, the investigators compared whether there is a significant difference between the ratio from Bolton’s samples and the ratio from the Indonesian samples.Results: The result of this study showed that, for Indonesian samples, the overall ratio is 89.7±2.05, while the anterior ratio is 76.4±2.76. Student’s t-test showed that there is a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the results of this study and that of Bolton’s study for both the anterior and overall ratios.Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a difference between Indonesian population and Caucasian population in tooth size and Bolton ratio value. Therefore, original Bolton ratio value cannot be used as an accurate diagnostic tool for Indonesian population.

scholarly journals Determination of Bolton Norms for Indian Population Sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
TV Pawan Kumar ◽  
Prasad Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Population Sample ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Size Discrepancy ◽  
Tooth Size Discrepancy ◽  
Anterior Ratio ◽  
Overall Ratio ◽  
Male Subjects

Introduction: Tooth size discrepancy varies between different ethnic groups and races. Bolton’s tooth size norms were originally determined in Caucasian population.Objective: To determine tooth size ratios for maxillary and mandibular dentition in Telangana population of Indian sample and to compare the ratios with standard Bolton norms.Materials & Method: The study sample comprised of 300 subjects (150 males and 150 females) aged between 14-25 years having Angle’s Class 1 molar relationship. Study models of all subjects were prepared and mesiodistal dimensions were measured to determine mean Bolton’s anterior ratio, overall ratio, over jet and overbite.Result: Evidence of sexual dimorphism was observed with Indian male subjects having greater mean values than the females. The determined mean for anterior tooth ratio was 80.88 ± 3.03%, overall tooth ratio 93.99 ± 3.11%, overjet 2.92 ± 0.62mm and overbite 2.96 ± 0.63mm. Statistically significant differences were found between Indian samples and Bolton Caucasian standards.Conclusion: The study provides evidence that tooth sizes are population specific. Mean values specific to particular population groups should be derived in order to make treatment planning more accurate and predictable.

scholarly journals Comparison of White and Chinese perception of esthetic Chinese lip position

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Theng Chong ◽  
Kim Wei Thea ◽  
Joseph Descallar ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Oyku Dalci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Class I ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additional Image

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the esthetic preference of White and Chinese judges with regard to Chinese lip position. Materials and Methods: The profile images of a dental and skeletal Class I Chinese adult male and female were digitally adjusted to Chinese mean values. The lip profile was adjusted with the upper and lower lip at the mean distance from the Ricketts' E-line. These images were used as baseline images and were further digitally manipulated to generate six additional images with the upper and lower lip such that they lay 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 standard deviations (SDs) in front of or behind the E-line. An additional image was modified based on a White mean value. The images were viewed and ranked by 251 White and Chinese judges (dentists and laypersons) in Australia and China. Results: Significantly more Chinese judges ranked the retrusive profiles higher than the White judges. The White judges also ranked the profile image adjusted to −0.5 SD as the most esthetic for both the female and male, while the Chinese judges ranked the −1.0 SD profile as the most esthetic. Conclusions: The ethnicity of the judges is a significant factor influencing the perception of esthetic lip position. The Chinese judges prefer a more retrusive profile and are more likely to rate a protrusive profile as unacceptable, compared with the White judges.

scholarly journals Analysis of Interarch Tooth Size Relationship in Nepalese Subjects with Normal Occlusion and Malocclusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rajeev Kumar Mishra ◽  
Dashrath Kafle ◽  
Rahul Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Study Groups ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Size Discrepancy ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Anterior Ratio ◽  
Overall Ratio

Introduction. A proportional relationship between the maxillary and mandibular teeth size is required for achieving good finish with proper overjet and overbite postorthodontic treatment. The aims and objectives of this study were to determine the anterior and overall Bolton’s ratio in Nepalese population, to compare Bolton’s ratio between subjects with normal occlusion, Class I malocclusion, and Class II malocclusion, to compare these results with Bolton’s norm, and to determine the frequency of clinically significant (beyond 2 SD) tooth size discrepancy compared to Bolton’s norm. Materials and Methods. The study models of the subjects with normal occlusion and Angle’s Class I malocclusion and Class II malocclusion and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were retrieved from department archives. An electronic digital caliper was used to measure mesiodistal tooth size of the maxillary and mandibular teeth anterior to the second molars. The study sample of 120 study models consisted of the normal occlusion group (n = 31), Class I malocclusion group (n = 47), and Class II malocclusion group (n = 42). These measurements were then used to obtain Bolton’s ratio in three groups of subjects. Bolton’s ratio of study groups was compared with each other and with Bolton’s original ratio. Results. The differences in tooth size ratio of the study groups were not significant statistically, when the groups were compared on the basis of malocclusion or gender. Statistically significant differences were exclusively observed between the study groups and Bolton’s original sample for the anterior ratio. The frequency of the clinically significant tooth size ratio discrepancy was lower for the overall ratio (9.1%) compared to the anterior ratio (22.5%). Conclusions. Bolton’s analysis on the Nepalese population sample shows that there was no significant difference observed on the anterior and overall tooth size ratios when these were compared based on Angle’s malocclusion classes or gender. The clinically significant anterior tooth size discrepancy was more prevalent than that of the overall ratio.

scholarly journals Changes in selected physicochemical parameters of breast muscles of geese from Polish conservation flocks depending on duration of the post slaughter period

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Okruszek ◽  
J. Książkiewicz ◽  
J. Wołoszyn ◽  
G. Haraf ◽  
A. Orkusz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Colour Parameters ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. In four Polish conservative flocks of Suwałki (Su), Kartuzy (Ka), Kielce (Ki) and Subcarpathian (Sb) geese, registered by FAO as domestic genetic resources the mean values of qualitative traits of breast muscles (pH15', pH30', pH45', pH24h; colour parameters: L*15', L*30', L*45', L24h, a*15', a*30', a*45', a*24h, b*15', b*30', b*45', b*24h and conductivity: EC45', EC3h, EC24h) were determined. The experimental flocks showed significant variations in the investigated parameters. The Kartuzy goose breast muscles were characterized by higher values of pH15' (6.74), pH30' (6.62), pH45' (6.56) and b*15' parameter (0.80) in comparison with the remaining flocks. Moreover, these muscles had the lowest pH24h (5.65) and values of L* parameter (L*15', L*30', L*45' and L*24h) and EC45' (3.23 mS/cm). The pH value and L* and a* parameters (except L*24h and a*24h) of the analysed flocks were decreasing, and conductivity increasing together with the time post slaughter, and the rate of changes depended on the birds’ origin. Greater differences between pH values, measured 15 min and 24 h after slaughter were stated in breast muscles from Ka (1.09) and Su (0.90) geese than from the other two flocks investigated (Ki – 0.74; Sb – 0.58). The highest increase in conductivity (from EC45' to EC24h) was affirmed in Ka and Ki muscles (3.84 mS/cm) and the lowest in breast muscles of Sb geese (2.72 mS/cm).

scholarly journals Bolton ratio in subjects with normal occlusion and class-I malocclusion

2016 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Hasnat Jahan ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Class I ◽  
Angle Class ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Anterior Ratio ◽  
Overall Ratio

Aim: To verify the presence of Bolton ratios [Overall ratio & Anterior ratio] in Bangladeshi individuals with normal occlusion and class-I malocclusion. Methods:The materials comprised 120 pre-treatment study cast [60 male & 60 female aged 13-17 years] ,divided into two groups,first group were selected from the models of 60 students who had normal occlusion without crowding [equal male & female] and second group were selected from 60 patients who had Angle class-I crowding[equal male &famale], applied for orthodontic treatment based on the following criteria –permanent dentition from the 1st right molar to the 1st left molar and no interproximal caries or restorations.Bolton anterior & overallratios were performed for the study casts of the subjects using slide caliper. Results: The results showed that  there was no significants differences between two groups .Also no significant gender differences were found in Bolton anterior& overall ratios. Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2016; Vol-6 (1-2), P.24-28

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