scholarly journals Acute renal pain as an adverse reaction of the rabies immunization

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 133-135
Author(s):  
Dusan Lalosevic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Wrong Direction ◽  
Stray Dog ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Introduction. HRIG is the best preparate in rabies prophylaxis, and it's considered that optimal dose is 20 international units per kilogram and must not been reduced or overdosed. HRIG have to be injected infiltrative around bite wounds, and if after that remains a part of the dose, it has to be given in gluteal muscle. Application only in gluteus is vitium artis. Case report. At one patient immunized against rabies has occured acute bilateral renal pain and fever at time of immunization against rabies, and because of that vaccination must been stopped after the 3rd dose of vaccine. Patient was a 26-year-old female without significant pre-existing disease, bitten by stray dog. After the start of immunization, because the wrong direction, she received about 2.5 more amount of human rabies immunoglobuline (HRIG) then is recommended on declaration at etiquette of ampoule, and only in gluteus in quantity of 10.5 ml. Discussion. Glomerulonephritis after rabies vaccination until now was described just once by Singhal et al. in 1981. year. Acute renal pain, after rabies vaccine, which aggravated after repeated vaccine doses in our patient who received overdosed HRIG, may be explained by immunopathological mechanism, rather with formation of circulating immune complexes, their precipitation on the glomerular basement membrane and developing glomerulonephritis. Conclusion. Low weight soluble molecular immune complexes formed when antigen is in excess, as in case after repeated doses of rabies vaccine, circulate and precipitate on glomerular membrane and causes glomerulonephritis. As contribution to this explanation, is that symptoms as renal pain disappeared after interrupting vaccination protocol in our patient.

scholarly journals Review of Oral Rabies Vaccination of Dogs and Its Application in India

Viruses ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Gowri Yale ◽  
Marwin Lopes ◽  
Shrikrishna Isloor ◽  
Jennifer R. Head ◽  
Stella Mazeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rabies ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Stray Dog ◽  
Indian State ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Rabies Vaccination ◽  
High Output

Oral rabies vaccines (ORVs) have been in use to successfully control rabies in wildlife since 1978 across Europe and the USA. This review focuses on the potential and need for the use of ORVs in free-roaming dogs to control dog-transmitted rabies in India. Iterative work to improve ORVs over the past four decades has resulted in vaccines that have high safety profiles whilst generating a consistent protective immune response to the rabies virus. The available evidence for safety and efficacy of modern ORVs in dogs and the broad and outspoken support from prominent global public health institutions for their use provides confidence to national authorities considering their use in rabies-endemic regions. India is estimated to have the largest rabies burden of any country and, whilst considerable progress has been made to increase access to human rabies prophylaxis, examples of high-output mass dog vaccination campaigns to eliminate the virus at the source remain limited. Efficiently accessing a large proportion of the dog population through parenteral methods is a considerable challenge due to the large, evasive stray dog population in many settings. Existing parenteral approaches require large skilled dog-catching teams to reach these dogs, which present financial, operational and logistical limitations to achieve 70% dog vaccination coverage in urban settings in a short duration. ORV presents the potential to accelerate the development of approaches to eliminate rabies across large areas of the South Asia region. Here we review the use of ORVs in wildlife and dogs, with specific consideration of the India setting. We also present the results of a risk analysis for a hypothetical campaign using ORV for the vaccination of dogs in an Indian state.

scholarly journals A Case of Serious Adverse Reaction Following Rabies Vaccination

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1881714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilin Kang ◽  
Wen Chin Chiang ◽  
Si Hui Goh ◽  
Anne Eng Neo Goh ◽  
Peter Choong Yi Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Stray Dog ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Graded Challenge ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Introduction. Rabies is one of the most deadly infectious disease. We present a challenging case of an adverse reaction following rabies vaccine in a child. Case Summary. A 10-year-old girl was bitten by a stray dog in Bali and was prescribed rabies post-exposure prophylaxis. She developed breathlessness, abdominal cramps, and lips and eyes swelling 30 minutes after the second dose of rabies vaccine. The subsequent vaccine was successfully administered as a graded challenge with premedication. The final dose was administered in entirety under close observation. She developed transient hypotension 30 minutes later, which spontaneously resolved. Conclusion. There were multiple challenges in the care of this pediatric patient who was potentially exposed to rabies and experienced systemic adverse events during the course of post-exposure prophylaxis. A thorough clinical assessment should be made to weigh benefits versus risks of proceeding with rabies vaccination, bearing in mind that the disease is deadly.

scholarly journals Fatal outcome after postexposure rabies vaccination in a patient with Parkinson’s disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Lalosevic ◽  
Vesna Lalosevic ◽  
Milorad Saric ◽  
Jasenka Mazibrada ◽  
Sinisa Babovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Introduction In Serbia and Montenegro postexposure rabies vaccination is performed using five doses of rabies vaccine with a potency of 2.5 I.U. It is given on 0, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 28th day, combined with human rabies immunoglobulin with the first dose. Modern rabies vaccines produced in cell cultures rarely cause neurological complications, among which Guillain-Barre syndrome and parkinsonism. Case report The authors report a case of a 78-year-old woman with a documented five-year history of Parkinson's disease, who was bitten by a rabid cat. Twelve hours later, when the rabies infection of the cat was confirmed by an immunofluorescence test, the patient received the first dose of rabies vaccine Verorab (Aventis), a cell culture vaccine, together with the human rabies immunoglobulin produced in Belgrade. After the third dose of rabies vaccine, the symptoms of Parkinson's disease progressed and vaccination was interrupted. However, one month later, the patient died with predominantly neurological symptoms. As the patient died at the time when incubation of rabies might have been expected, autopsy and rabies diagnostics were performed. Autopsy and pathohistologic findings The autopsy and pathohistologic findings from the specimens treated with routine hematoxylin and eosin staining, together with immunofluorescence test, excluded rabies as a cause of death and revealed neurodegenerative changes typical for Parkinson's disease. Using two different fluorescent rabies antibodies, we performed a direct immunofluorescence antibody tests, but no rabies antigens were detected. However, in histologic slides of the brain stem, large intracytoplasmic inclusions were found in some neurons, identified as Lewy bodies characteristic for Parkinson's disease Conclusion Parkinson's disease, with its complications, was the cause of death of the patient bitten by a rabid cat. Furthermore, the coincidence of the progression of Parkinson's disease symptoms, at the time of post exposure rabies vaccination, points to the vaccine as a possible contributing factor to aggravation of the disease and lethal outcome.

scholarly journals Rabies in the Critical Care Unit: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Critical Care Unit ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Antiviral Therapies ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT:Worldwide, human rabies is prevalent where there is endemic dog rabies, but the disease may present unexpectedly in critical care units when suggestive clinical features have passed. In North America transmission from bats is most common and there is often no history of a bat bite or even contact with bats. Laboratory diagnostic evaluation for rabies includes serology plus skin biopsy, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva specimens for rabies virus antigen and/or RNA detection. Rare patients have survived rabies, and most received rabies vaccine prior to the onset of illness. Therapeutic coma (midazolam and phenobarbital), ketamine, and antiviral therapies (dubbed the "Milwaukee Protocol") were given to a rabies survivor, but this therapy was likely not directly responsible for the favorable outcome. There have been many subsequent failures of similar therapeutic approaches. There is no scientific rationale for the use of therapeutic coma in human rabies. New approaches to treating human rabies need to be developed.

Removing residual DNA from Vero-cell culture-derived human rabies vaccine by using nuclease

Biologicals ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Ming Li ◽  
Fu-Liang Bai ◽  
Wen-Juan Xu ◽  
Yong-Bi Yang ◽  
Ying An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Vero Cell ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Vero Cell Culture

New Rabies Vaccine

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-132
Author(s):  
Stanley A. Plotkin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Immune Globulin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Active Immunity ◽  
Four Score ◽  
Vaccine Failures ◽  
Subsequent Replacement

Four score and 16 years after Louis Pasteur brought forth the first rabies vaccine in 1884,1 a new vaccine was licensed in the United States. Pasteur's vaccine made protection of man against rabies possible, even after a victim had been bitten. However, there were failures of prevention and the presence of nerve tissue in the vaccine resulted in severe neurologic reactions, including encephalopathy.2 The introduction of animal antirabies serum by Koprowski and Black3 and the subsequent replacement of animal serum by human rabies immune globulin developed by Cabasso et al4 reduced the number of vaccine failures by providing passive rabies antibodies before the active immunity induced by vaccination.

scholarly journals Development of a Non-Meat-Based, Mass Producible and Effective Bait for Oral Vaccination of Dogs against Rabies in Goa State, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Gibson ◽  
Stella Mazeri ◽  
Gowri Yale ◽  
Santosh Desai ◽  
Vilas Naik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
High Uptake ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Global Goal ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Introduction: To achieve the global goal of canine-mediated human rabies elimination by 2030 there is an urgent need to scale-up mass dog vaccination activities in regions with large dog populations that are difficult to access; a common situation in much of India. Oral rabies vaccination may enable the vaccination of free-roaming dogs that are inaccessible to parenteral vaccination, and is considered a promising complementary measure to parenteral mass dog vaccination campaigns. WHO and OIE have published detailed minimum requirements for rabies vaccines and baits to be used for this purpose, requiring that baits must not only be well-accepted by the target population but must also efficiently release the vaccine in the oral cavity. For oral rabies vaccination approaches to be successful, it is necessary to develop baits which have a high uptake by the target population, are culturally accepted and amenable to mass production. The aim of this study was to compare the interest and uptake rates of meat-based and an egg-based prototype bait constructs by free roaming dogs in Goa, India. Methods: Three teams randomly distributed two prototype baits; an egg-flavoured bait and a commercial meat dog food (gravy) flavoured bait. The outcomes of consumption were recorded and compared between baits and dog variables. Results: A total of 209 egg-bait and 195 gravy-bait distributions were recorded and analysed. No difference (p = 0.99) was found in the percentage of dogs interested in the baits when offered. However, significantly more dogs consumed the egg-bait than the gravy-bait; 77.5% versus 68.7% (p = 0.04). The release of the blue-dyed water inside the sachet in the oral cavity of the animals was significant higher in the dogs consuming an egg-bait compared to the gravy-bait (73.4% versus 56.7%, p = 0.001). Conclusions: The egg-based bait had a high uptake amongst free roaming dogs and also enabled efficient release of the vaccine in the oral cavity, whilst also avoiding culturally relevant materials of bovine or porcine meat products.

Meta-analysis of immunogenicity and safety of human rabies vaccination under Zagreb and Essen regimens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Hongbin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Risk Ratios ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Aim: To assess the immunogenicity and safety of rabies vaccination under the Zagreb and Essen regimens by performing a meta-analysis. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for eligible studies. Risk ratios and weighted mean differences with 95% CIs were used to calculate estimates. Results: A total of 18 studies were included. Rabies virus neutralizing antibody concentration was comparable between the two regimens at D7 and 14. No significant differences were observed in seroconversion rates from D14 and 42. Incidence of fever was higher in Zagreb group (risk ratio: 1.55 [1.37–1.76]); but no significant differences were present for other common adverse events. Conclusion: Rabies vaccination under the Zagreb regimen was noninferior to the Essen regimen in immunogenicity and had an acceptable safety profile.

scholarly journals Dog Owners’ Knowledge about Rabies and Other Factors That Influence Canine Anti-Rabies Vaccination in the Upper East Region of Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baba Awuni ◽  
Elvis Tarkang ◽  
Emmanuel Manu ◽  
Hubert Amu ◽  
Martin Amogre Ayanore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Human Rabies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
East Region ◽  
Upper East Region ◽  
Dog Owners ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Background: Human rabies, often contracted through dog bites, is a serious but neglected public health problem in the tropics, including Ghana. Due to its high fatality rate, adequate knowledge and vaccination of domestic dogs against the disease are very crucial in reducing its burden. We examined dog owners’ knowledge level on rabies and factors that influenced anti-rabies vaccination of dogs in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 randomly sampled dog owners in six communities from six Districts using a multistage sampling technique, in the Upper East Region of Ghana. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done using STATA 14.1. Results: While knowledge about rabies was 199 (76.5%), that about anti-rabies vaccination was 137 (52.7%). District of residence (χ2 = 112.59, p < 0.001), sex (χ2 = 6.14, p = 0.013), education (χ2 = 20.45, p < 0.001) as well as occupation (χ2 = 11.97, p = 0.007) were significantly associated with rabies knowledge. District of residence (χ2 = 57.61, p < 0.001), Educational level (χ2 = 15.37, p = 0.004), occupation (χ2 = 11.66, p = 0.009), religion (χ2 = 8.25, p = 0.016) and knowledge on rabies (χ2 = 42.13, p < 0.001) were also statistically associated with dog vaccination against rabies. Dog owners with good knowledge on rabies for instance, were more likely to vaccinate their dogs against rabies compared to those with poor knowledge [AOR = 1.99 (95% CI: 0.68, 5.86), p = 0.210]. Dog owners with tertiary level of education were also 76.31 times more likely (95% CI: 6.20, 938.49, p = 0.001) to have good knowledge about rabies compared to those with no formal education. Conclusions: Dog owners in the Upper East Region of Ghana had good knowledge about rabies. This, however, did not translate into correspondingly high levels of dog vaccination against the disease. Rabies awareness and vaccination campaigns should, therefore, be intensified in the region, especially among the least educated and female dog owners.

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