scholarly journals Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolated from bloodculture: Causes or contaminants?

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Stojanovic ◽  
Branislava Kocic ◽  
Gordana Randjelovic ◽  
Vojislav Ciric
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Public Health Institute

Introduction According to the results of different investigations, the opinion that isolate of coagulase-negative staphylococci by bloodcultures represents the blood infection in 10-12% patient. The aim of the work was to determine the number of patients with blood infection-sepsa induced coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated by bloodcultures. Material and methods: The research was done at the Institute for Public Health in Nis. The basic group consisted of 56 patients and coagulase-negative staphylococci were segregated form their bloodcultures. The growth of microorganisms was monitored by the computerized apparatus 'Bactec 9120'. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were identified by the standard microbiologic method and Vitec AMS system. Results Eight patients (14.28%) were found to have minimum two signs of blood infection. S. epidermis was isolated in four patients. S. saprophyticus was isolated in the patients on hemodialysis with implanted urinary catheter. S. capitis was isolated in the patients with infarctus miocardi. S. auricularis was isolated in child who was administered the immunosuppressive therapy before and during hospitalization due to an acute asthmatic attack. The isolate of S. simulans was cultivated from samples of the patients hospitalized due to the febrile state. Discussion A correct interpretation of coagulase-negative staphylococci findings in bloodcultures is an overriding part of medical treatment. The best laboratory indicators of the presence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in blood would be to segregate those of the same kind from two samples at the same time but from different anatomic sites in the presence of clinical signs of blood infection. Conclusion In the investigation conducted at the Public Health Institute-Nis, we determined that bloodcultures isolated coagulase-negative staphylococci represent the blood infection on 14.28% patient.

scholarly journals LOCAL MEDIA IN THE CORONA CRISIS: SIGNIFICANCE AND CHALLENGES ON THE EXAMPLE OF POŽEGA 034 PORTAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ante Mandarić ◽  
Goran Matijević
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Crisis Communication ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Local Media ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation

The epidemic of the disease COVID-19, in Požeština in relation to China, where it originated in other parts of Croatia, appeared somewhat later, while Požega-Slavonia County in terms of total share in relation to other counties in Croatia remained relatively well , 16th place, out of a total of 20 counties, ie a smaller number of patients was recorded. In the conditions of public health danger to the health and lives of people with expressed uncertainty, citizens around the world were flooded with numerous information, about the disease, ways of prevention, treatment that at one point threatened to turn into an infodemia, as warned by the WHO. The importance of crisis communication in such conditions is of great importance, and how governments and headquarters communicate messages about the crisis to the public, which is discussed in the first parts of the paper and points out several inconsistencies and illogicalities in the actions of the state headquarters. prohibition and permission to make recommendations contrary to the epidemiologist’s recommendations. But more important than the recommendations of headquarters and governments, today are the recommendations and news transmitted by digital media, and especially the local ones that bring news and recommendations for the area where we live. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate in the central part the significance of the local 034 Portal in the Corona crisis, and its monitoring of the crisis and its impact on the public. Research through several segments, it was found that the portal maintained the level of reporting on regular events and adjusted reporting on the Crown to the conditions and situation in the county, not leading to sensationalism, concern, fear, but was a carrier of preventive activities and a good ally in the fight. against the epidemic, that is, he followed the guidelines for informing the WHO and did not contribute to the creation of an infodemia.

Preliminary Tuberculosis Survey in a Mental Hospital

1946 ◽  
Vol 92 (386) ◽  
pp. 96-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donal F. Early
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Disproportionate Number

The problem of tuberculosis amongst mental hospital patients is of importance from both the psychiatric and public health point of view. Most of the active methods of psychiatric treatment must be abandoned or discontinued when physical illness intervenes. The problem is even more far-reaching from the standpoint of public health. Wingfield, Trail, Banks and McDougall (1942) have estimated that there is probably a reservoir of 250,000 infectious cases recognized and unrecognized in England, Scotland and Wales, and several authors have pointed out that mental hospitals contribute a disproportionate number to this reservoir. Modern methods of mental hospital administration with parole and leave privileges applied to the maximum number of patients lend importance to the public health aspect, not only the patients themselves and hospital staff being menaced, but also patients' visitors and relatives and other contacts outside hospital. The incidence of tuberculosis in mental hospitals has been variously estimated at 5 to 10 times and the mortality in peace-time 8 or 9 times that of the general population. These figures are sufficient to justify all efforts to bring the problem under control.

scholarly journals Estimation of Premature Deaths From Lack of Access to Anti-HER2 Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer in the Brazilian Public Health System

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Debiasi ◽  
Tomás Reinert ◽  
Rafael Kaliks ◽  
Gilberto Amorim ◽  
Maira Caleffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health System ◽  
Advanced Breast Cancer ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
The Public ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Positive Breast Cancer

Purpose Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -positive metastatic tumors treated in the public health system in Brazil do not have access to trastuzumab. This study aimed to estimate the impact of the lack of access to anti-HER2 therapies on the mortality of these patients. Methods On the basis of published data, the number of patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer in 2016 who should receive anti-HER2 targeted therapy was estimated. Three different treatment groups were considered for this hypothetical cohort: chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus trastuzumab, and chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and pertuzumab. The number of patients alive after 2 years of follow-up was estimated on the basis of the efficacy results of the pivotal trials considering these interventions. Results It was calculated that 2,008 women will be diagnosed with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer in Brazil in 2016. It was estimated that only 808 women would be alive in 2018 if they receive only chemotherapy (which is the treatment offered by the public health system). On the other hand, the bar rises to 1,408 women alive in 2018 if they receive chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and 1,576 women alive in 2018 if they receive the gold standard of chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and pertuzumab. Conclusion Trastuzumab is included in the WHO’s list of essential medications, but the Brazilian public health system does not yet provide this treatment to its population with advanced disease. The introduction of trastuzumab and pertuzumab would have a positive effect, preventing premature deaths in women with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer in Brazil.

scholarly journals The META-Oak Project: Using Photovoice to Investigate Youth Perspectives on Tobacco Companies’ Marketing of E-Cigarettes Toward Adolescents in Oakland

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824401985742
Author(s):  
Alison Chopel ◽  
R. Eugene Lee ◽  
Elizabeth Ortiz-Matute ◽  
Namiyé Peoples ◽  
Kim Homer Vagadori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critical Gap ◽  
Control Research ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
The University ◽  
Public Health Institute

The California Adolescent Health Collaborative, a project of the Public Health Institute, in partnership with the University of California, San Francisco’s Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education jointly led a community-based participatory research (CBPR) study engaging youth coresearchers to fill the critical gap in knowledge about youth’s perceptions of electronic cigarette products and how they are marketed toward young people in Oakland. Youth coresearchers who were trained as journalists partnered with the adult investigators to explore the e-cigarette topic from their perspective, embedded in the context of their own experiences and those of others in their communities. The goal of this exploratory CBPR study was to improve understanding of how and why youth (ages: 14-24 years) in Oakland are adopting (or resisting) e-cigarettes, how youth respond to increasing availability of e-cigarettes in their communities, and how they perceive communications about e-cigarettes (e.g., advertising) and in turn communicate about the products to each other.

scholarly journals Estimating the proportion of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases in an Italian region with intermediate incidence during the first pandemic wave: an observational retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Martinelli ◽  
Francesca Fortunato ◽  
Sara Mazzilli ◽  
Lucia Bisceglia ◽  
Pier Luigi Lopalco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Public Health Strategies

Abstract Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, asymptomatic transmission represented an important challenge for controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through the traditional public health strategies. Further understanding of the contribution of asymptomatic infections to SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been of crucial importance for pandemic control. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study to characterize asymptomatic COVID-19 cases occurred in the Apulia region, Italy, during the first epidemic wave of COVID-19 outbreak (February 29 - July 7, 2020). We analyzed data collected in a regional platform developed to manage surveillance activities, namely investigation and follow-up of cases and contacts, contact tracing, laboratory and clinical data collection. We included all asymptomatic cases that were laboratory-confirmed during the appropriate follow-up, defined as persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 who did not develop symptoms/clinical signs of the disease. Between February 29 and July 7, 2020, a total of 4,536 cases were diagnosed with COVID-19 among 193,757 tests performed. The group of persons with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection consisted of 903 cases; the asymptomatic proportion was 19.9% (95%CI: 18.8-21.1%); this decreased with increasing age (OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.83-0.96; p=0.001), in individuals with underlying comorbidities (OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.41-0.73; p<0.001), and in males (OR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.54-0.87; p=0.002). The median asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive period was 19 days (IQR: 14-31) and the cumulative proportion of persons with resolution of infection 14 days after the first positive PCR test was 74%. As the public health community is debating the question of whether asymptomatic and late spreaders could sustain virus transmission in the communities, such cases present unique opportunities to gain insight into SARS-CoV-2 adaptation to human host. This has important implications for future COVID-19 surveillance and prevention.

scholarly journals SISTEM INFORMASI LAYANAN DIGITAL PUSKESMAS BERBASIS ANDROID

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-229
Author(s):  
Hasan Basri ◽  
Dedin Toyibah ◽  
Muhamad Fakhri ◽  
Hanafi Dirgantara Musahar ◽  
Wina Wati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
The Public ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The World

The very rapid development of information technology has proven to play an important role in the accelerated development of information both in the world of industry, government and the world of health, so that it can support the performance of increasing the efficiency, effectiveness and productivity of all elements of society, especially in the world of health, both public and private institutions. or individually or individually, which can encourage the realization of a developed and prosperous society. The health sector is one of the important sectors of development that has the potential to be integrated with the presence of technology. Public health center Bayur Lor. Cilamaya Kulon, Karawang Regency is one of the developing health service centers. The number of patients that continues to increase every day causes new problems in the process of seeking information about patients, the number of patients, the number of visits, total income, and data on existing drug supplies. Because based on the existing problems, the Public health center Bayur Lor. Cilamaya Kulon, Karawang Regency, needs to take advantage of information technology, which can overcome the problems faced, so that public health services can be improved for the realization of the vision and mission of the Public health center Bayur Lor. Cilamaya Kulon. Looking at some of the existing problems, researchers use the waterfall method in making an information system. Applications made in this study are based on android. To facilitate the mention of this application, namely Android-based LAGILEMAS (Public health center Digital Service).  

scholarly journals Risk Assessment and Adoption of Foodstuffs Sampling Plans for Microbiological Safety Based on the Results of Multiyear Food Sampling

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin Kvaternik ◽  
Milena Todorović
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Food Analysis ◽  
Sampling Plans ◽  
The Public ◽  
Microbiological Safety ◽  
Health Institute ◽  
Regional Centre ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Public Health Institute

The goal of this paper is to point at the possibility of risk assessment and adoption of foodstuffs sampling plans for microbiological safety based on the results of multiyear food sampling. The results of microbiological food analysis performed in the Public Health Institute of the Republic of Srpska – Regional centre Doboj in the period 2015 – 2019 were used as a sample.

PEDIATRIC PERCEPTIONS: THE PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE—A NEGLECTED RESOURCE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-208
Author(s):  
James L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Public Health Nurse ◽  
Academic Environment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Health Nurse ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Way

I Write to emphasize the very great assistance, particularly the kind of assistance, that I find dedicated nurses especially trained in pediatrics and Public Health can give to pediatricians. My emphasis is not on the number of patients who can be seen but the quality of service that can be given. For many years my academic environment and concentration on teaching and consultation protected me from the pressures present in a busy practitioner's office. During these years, I was often impressed by the great gratitude from parents of patients because, as they would say, "You have answered a lot of our questions." Often they would also say: "We like our own pediatrician very much, but his office is so crowded and he is so busy that we feel guilty in asking him all the questions we have about our children. What we really like about this visit is the way you have so generously given us of your time to answer all those questions that bother us."So, when I recently saw the new offices of a pair of pediatricians starting into practice, I was frankly upset to notice that in the many small examining rooms it was evident that chairs were kept at a minimum. Still more upsetting was the explanation that this arrangement made it easier for the physician to walk out of the room because he would be standing. Not only would there be less awkwardness in interrupting a conversation but the mothers would be less likely to sit down and ask questions if there were not enough chairs for everyone to be seated.

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