scholarly journals Proposal for magnetic/electromagnetic fields protection norms on national level

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Drago Djordjevic ◽  
Dejan Rakovic
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Harmful Effects

Introduction The modern life is not possible without application of magnetic/electromagnetic fields, which can be both helpful and harmful for human body. Influence of magnetic/electromagnetic fields on biological systems The non-ionizing radiation, especially magnetic/electromagnetic fields of all frequencies (0-300 GHz), can have many harmful effects on the human health that is confirmed by numerous epidemiological studies, studies with volunteers, animal studies, and in vitro studies. Proposal for magnetic/electromagnetic fields protection norms Proposal for magnetic/electromagnetic fields protection norms on national level based on the WHO Program for Environment, International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP)], and WHO International EMF Project. Conclusion Protection from harmful effects of the magnetic/electromagnetic fields is still a great problem in many countries of modern society - huge costs, impaired quality of life, and more important, damage to the human health. Numerous data and publications of harmful effects of the magnetic/electromagnetic fields represents one's country basic necessary documentation for making decisions and law documents for protection norms on national level concerning the health maintenance according to the ICNIRP normatives.

scholarly journals ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD INFLUENCES ON HUMAN HEALTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Portable Communication ◽  
The Impact

The environment we live in is exposed to the increasing and increasing frequency of electromagnetic radiation in our homes and workplaces. In addition to natural radiation from the sun, radiation sources such as high-voltage transmission lines and powerful radar devices are sources of strong electric and magnetic fields. Increasing the number of portable communication and entertainment devices also increase the human body's exposure to additional electromagnetic radiation. This paper describes the most common effects of low-frequency non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (ELFs), which can cause biological changes, sometimes negative for human health. Different methods and approaches are used to investigate the effect of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields on biological systems. In vitro cell culture studies provide important insights into the underlying mechanisms of biological effects of low radiation levels. It is often not possible to deduce the functional response of a human organism to a particular biological effect. In vivo animal and human studies provide more convincing evidence of possible adverse health effects. There is a problem with the extrapolation of the results obtained from animal experiments to humans. Epidemiological studies provide the most direct information on the risk of adverse effects in humans. However, it is difficult to find good control groups that in all aspects (gender, similar life habits, etc.) fit the exposed groups. Care should be taken in interpreting the results of epidemiological studies, especially if low risk is found, as this may be due to other factors. Epidemiological studies are important for monitoring the impact of new technologies on human health [1].

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Properties of Naringenin: A Citrus Fruit Polyphenol

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danja J. Den Hartogh ◽  
Evangelia Tsiani
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia and is associated with personal health and global economic burdens. Current strategies/approaches of insulin resistance and T2DM prevention and treatment are lacking in efficacy resulting in the need for new preventative and targeted therapies. In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that diets rich in vegetables and fruits are associated with health benefits including protection against insulin resistance and T2DM. Naringenin, a citrus flavanone, has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic properties. The current review summarizes the existing in vitro and in vivo animal studies examining the anti-diabetic effects of naringenin.

scholarly journals PFAS Environmental Pollution and Antioxidant Responses: An Overview of the Impact on Human Field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Bonato ◽  
Francesca Corrà ◽  
Marta Bellio ◽  
Laura Guidolin ◽  
Laura Tallandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
The Impact

Due to their unique properties, perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are widely used in multiple industrial and commercial applications, but they are toxic for animals, humans included. This review presents some available data on the PFAS environmental distribution in the world, and in particular in Europe and in Veneto region of Italy, where it has become a serious problem for human health. The consumption of contaminated food and drinking water is considered one of the major source of exposure for humans. Worldwide epidemiological studies report the negative effects that PFAS have on human health, due to environmental pollution, including infertility, steroid hormone perturbation, thyroid, liver and kidney disorders and metabolic disfunctions. In vitro and in vivo researches correlated PFAS exposure to oxidative stress effects (in mammals as well as in other vertebrates of human interest), produced by a PFAS-induced increase of reactive oxygen species formation. The cellular antioxidant defense system is activated by PFAS, but it is only partially able to avoid the oxidative damage to biomolecules.

scholarly journals Soy Isoflavones in Integrative Oncology: Increased Efficacy and Decreased Toxicity of Cancer Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153473541983531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilyas Sahin ◽  
Birdal Bilir ◽  
Shakir Ali ◽  
Kazim Sahin ◽  
Omer Kucuk
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Orally Bioavailable ◽  
And Control ◽  
Harmful Effects

Soy consumption in human diet has been linked to decreased incidence of a variety of cancers, suggesting a potential role of soy products in cancer prevention and control. Furthermore, a substantial body of evidence in the literature suggests that soy supplementation may improve the efficacy and prevent the adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Isoflavones constitute the predominant anticancer bioactive compounds in soy. Genistein, which is the most abundant and active isoflavone in soy, has a multitude of effects on cancer cells, including inhibition of NF-κB activation and DNA methylation, enhancement of histone acetylation, inhibition of cell growth and metastasis, and antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant effects. Isoflavones are orally bioavailable, easily metabolized, and usually considered safe. In this article, we review in vitro and in vivo evidence as well as the results of clinical and epidemiological studies on the effects of soy isoflavones, with a focus on sensitization of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiation while at the same time protecting normal cells from the harmful effects of these treatments.

scholarly journals Neurotoxicants Are in the Air: Convergence of Human, Animal, andIn VitroStudies on the Effects of Air Pollution on the Brain

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio G. Costa ◽  
Toby B. Cole ◽  
Jacki Coburn ◽  
Yu-Chi Chang ◽  
Khoi Dao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Behavioral Abnormalities ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Ultrafine Particulate Matter ◽  
Pollution Exposure ◽  
The Brain

In addition to increased morbidity and mortality caused by respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, air pollution may also negatively affect the brain and contribute to central nervous system diseases. Air pollution is a mixture comprised of several components, of which ultrafine particulate matter (UFPM; <100 nm) is of much concern, as these particles can enter the circulation and distribute to most organs, including the brain. A major constituent of ambient UFPM is represented by traffic-related air pollution, mostly ascribed to diesel exhaust (DE). Human epidemiological studies and controlled animal studies have shown that exposure to air pollution may lead to neurotoxicity. In addition to a variety of behavioral abnormalities, two prominent effects caused by air pollution are oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which are seen in both humans and animals and are confirmed byin vitrostudies. Among factors which can affect neurotoxic outcomes, age is considered the most relevant. Human and animal studies suggest that air pollution (and DE) may cause developmental neurotoxicity and may contribute to the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autistic spectrum disorders. In addition, air pollution exposure has been associated with increased expression of markers of neurodegenerative disease pathologies.

scholarly journals Shoulder Risk Assessment Based on Fatigue Failure Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1117-1121
Author(s):  
Dania Bani Hani ◽  
Sean Gallagher ◽  
Richard F. Sesek ◽  
Rong Huangfu ◽  
Mark C. Schall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fatigue Failure ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cumulative Damage ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Failure Theory ◽  
Epidemiological Database

Recent studies support the notion that a fatigue failure process may be responsible for the development of MSDs, including epidemiological studies, animal studies, and in vitro testing of musculoskeletal tissues. This study presents a new risk assessment model for the shoulder, which estimates the daily dose of the cumulative damage (CD) for the shoulder and allows the CD for multiple tasks to be summed to get an overall estimate for the daily cumulative damage. Videotapes of jobs from an existing epidemiological study from a large U.S. automotive manufacturer were analyzed to get exposure information required for the model. The model was then validated using outcomes from the epidemiological database. Logistic regression was used to assess the associations between Log CD and various shoulder outcomes. Results indicated that the cumulative damage for the shoulder was highly associated with all shoulder outcomes and that application of the fatigue failure methods also works extremely well in assessing the probability of association with shoulder outcomes. These results provide further support regarding the role of the fatigue failure process in the development of MSDs.

scholarly journals A QUÍMICA NA AVALIAÇÃO DO IMPACTO À SAÚDE HUMANA DIANTE DA EXPOSIÇÃO AOS PESTICIDAS

Química Nova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssyca Medeiros ◽  
Raphael Acayaba ◽  
Cassiana Montagner
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Pesticides Exposure

THE CHEMISTRY IN THE HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT DUE PESTICIDES EXPOSURE. Pesticides are widely used worldwide in urban and rural environments. Since most pesticides are not selective for target species the concern about possible impacts on human health has increased for the workers exposed to these substances (occupational exposure) and for the general population (environmental exposure). Epidemiological studies, in vivo and in vitro have associated several diseases with pesticide exposure, such as cancer, diabetes, Parkinson’s, and others. Therefore, chemistry plays an important role in evaluation of external (food and drinking water) and internal (human biomonitoring) exposure to pesticides through of analytical methodologies, for instance, chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, proving to be an important complement in the evaluation of risks of pesticides in human health.

scholarly journals Thyroid Disrupting Effects of Old and New Generation PFAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Coperchini ◽  
Laura Croce ◽  
Gianluca Ricci ◽  
Flavia Magri ◽  
Mario Rotondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Flame Resistance ◽  
New Generation

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a group of synthetic compounds widely used in industry plants due to their low grade of degradation, surfactant properties, thermic and flame resistance. These characteristics are useful for the industrial production, however they are also potentially dangerous for human health and for the environment. PFAS are persistent pollutants accumulating in waters and soil and recoverable in foods due to their release by food packaging. Humans are daily exposed to PFAS because these compounds are ubiquitous and, when assimilated, they are difficult to be eliminated, persisting for years both in humans and animals. Due to their persistence and potential danger to health, some old generation PFAS have been replaced by newly synthesized PFAS with the aim to use alternative compounds presumably safer for humans and the environment. Yet, the environmental pollution with PFAS remains a matter of concern worldwide and led to large-scale epidemiological studies both on plants’ workers and on exposed people in the general population. In this context, strong concern emerged concerning the potential adverse effects of PFAS on the thyroid gland. Thyroid hormones play a critical role in the regulation of metabolism, and thyroid function is related to cardiovascular disease, fertility, and fetal neurodevelopment. In vitro, ex vivo data, and epidemiological studies suggested that PFASs may disrupt the thyroid hormone system in humans, with possible negative repercussions on the outcome of pregnancy and fetal-child development. However, data on the thyroid disrupting effect of PFAS remain controversial, as well as their impact on human health in different ages of life. Aim of the present paper is to review recent data on the effects of old and new generation PFAS on thyroid homeostasis. To this purpose we collected information from in vitro studies, animal models, and in vivo data on exposed workers, general population, and pregnant women.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Properties of Curcumin I: Evidence from In Vitro Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danja J. Den Hartogh ◽  
Alessandra Gabriel ◽  
Evangelia Tsiani
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Current preventative and treatment strategies for T2DM and insulin resistance lack in efficacy resulting in the need for new approaches to prevent and manage/treat the disease better. In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that diets rich in fruits and vegetables have beneficial health effects including protection against insulin resistance and T2DM. Curcumin, a polyphenol found in turmeric, and curcuminoids have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic properties. The current review (I of II) summarizes the existing in vitro studies examining the antidiabetic effects of curcumin, while a second (II of II) review summarizes evidence from existing in vivo animal studies and clinical trials focusing on curcumin’s antidiabetic properties.

scholarly journals PFAS Environmental Pollution and Antioxidant Responses: An Overview of the Impact on Human Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8020
Author(s):  
Marco Bonato ◽  
Francesca Corrà ◽  
Marta Bellio ◽  
Laura Guidolin ◽  
Laura Tallandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
The Impact

Due to their unique properties, perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are widely used in multiple industrial and commercial applications, but they are toxic for animals, humans included. This review presents some available data on the PFAS environmental distribution in the world, and in particular in Europe and in the Veneto region of Italy, where it has become a serious problem for human health. The consumption of contaminated food and drinking water is considered one of the major source of exposure for humans. Worldwide epidemiological studies report the negative effects that PFAS have on human health, due to environmental pollution, including infertility, steroid hormone perturbation, thyroid, liver and kidney disorders, and metabolic disfunctions. In vitro and in vivo researches correlated PFAS exposure to oxidative stress effects (in mammals as well as in other vertebrates of human interest), produced by a PFAS-induced increase of reactive oxygen species formation. The cellular antioxidant defense system is activated by PFAS, but it is only partially able to avoid the oxidative damage to biomolecules.

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