Demographic aspects of aging

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Turkulov ◽  
Nadezda Madle-Samardzija ◽  
Olja Niciforovic-Surkovic ◽  
Cedomir Gavrancic
Keyword(s):  
Aging Process ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
European Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

Introduction: The contemporary world is undergoing demographic transition not only due to a decreased population growth, but also due to change in age-structure. The aging process is most prominent in the developed countries, while it is yet expected to commence in the European developing countries. The aging process is characterized by participation of persons older than 60 or 65 years in the overall population. USA Persons older than 65 make up 13 % of the US population. It is expected that their share will increase to 30% during the next 30 years. Europe European population in the world is systematically declining. By the year 2050, the population aged 65 and over will exhibit an increase of 60%. A nonlinear, ever increasing depopulation is expected to occur in Croatia, while FYR Macedonia has already been classified as a country in an advanced stage of population aging. Serbia During the second half of the 20th century, on average, the Serbian population was younger than the European, but aging was more prominent. Today, Serbia is among ten countries with the oldest population in the world. Vojvodina The worst demographic situation is found in Vojvodina. According to an assessment, its population has been among the world?s oldest for more than 30 years. The latest census shows a shift in the most numerous age group: from 35-39 to 40-45. Conclusion: Population aging is a worldwide reality. Differences among developed, developing and undeveloped countries are diminishing. Our population is among the oldest. Unless the state takes appropriate measures, we are heading towards a demographic catastrophe.

scholarly journals El predominio de la agenda neoliberal en el mundo contemporáneo: hegemonía y consecuencias = The predominance of the neoliberal agenda in the contemporary world: hegemony and consequences

2017 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Carmen Pineda Nebot ◽  
Francisco Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Regulatory Model ◽  
Sobre Todo

RESUMEN: Hace treinta años la economía mundial, sobre todo en los países desarrollados, sufría, como ocurre ahora, una fuerte crisis económica. De aquella situación surgió un nuevo modelo de regulación de las economías capitalistas al que se llamó neoliberalismo. Desde entonces, con mayor o menor fuerza, ha estado presente en todos los países, aprovechando las condiciones de estos para repetir constantemente los mismos principios: la reducción del Estado, las ventajas del mercado, la autorregulación de éste, etc. Aunque sus premisas parezcan simples o sencillas el neoliberalismo es un proyecto complejo y cambiante, cuya sustentabilidad política y económica se reinventa constantemente y cuya gobernanza y espacialidad es necesario observar y  analizar si se quiere avanzar en alternativas viables. El neoliberalismo no vive apartado de proyectos alternativos sino que se mezcla con las alternativas, tiene una forma de gobernanza que muta, que cambia. Con este artículo pretendemos conocer algo más sobre las semejanzas y diferencias que esta ideología presenta según los países.ABSTRACT: Thirty years ago the world economy, especially the developed countries, suffered, as it is the case now, a severe economic crisis. That situation arose a new regulatory model of capitalist economies is called neo-liberalism. Since then, with more or less force, has been present in all countries, taking advantage of these conditions to constantly repeat the same principles: the reduction of the State, the advantages of the market and self-regulation of this, etc. Although its premises seem simple or simple neo-liberalism is a complex and changing project whose political and economic sustainability constantly reinvents itself and whose governance and spatiality is necessary to observe and analyze whether you want to advance in viable alternatives. Neo-liberalism does not live away from alternative projects but is mixed with the alternatives, has a form of governance that mutates, which changes. With this communication we seek to know something more about the similarities and differences that this ideology presents of the countries. PALABRAS CLAVE: liberalismo, keynesianismo, neoliberalismo, ultraliberalismo.KEYWORDS: liberalism, keynesianism, neoliberalism, ultraliberalism.

WTO SUCCESSOR TO GATT

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-187
Author(s):  
Arif Sultan
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

Within a short span of time a number of economic blocs have emergedon the world horizon. In this race, all countriedeveloped, developingand underdeveloped-are included. Members of the North America FreeTrade Agreement (NAITA) and the European Economic Community(EEC) are primarily of the developed countries, while the EconomicCooperation Organization (ECO) and the Association of South EastAsian Nations (ASEAN) are of the developing and underdevelopedAsian countries.The developed countries are scrambling to create hegemonies throughthe General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT). In these circumstances,economic cooperation among Muslim countries should be onthe top of their agenda.Muslim countries today constitute about one-third of the membershipof the United Nations. There are around 56 independentMuslim states with a population of around 800 million coveringabout 20 percent of the land area of the world. Stretchingbetween Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans, the Muslim Worldstraddles from North Africa to Indonesia, in two major Islamicblocs, they are concentrated in the heart of Africa to Indonesia,in two major blocs, they are concentrated in the heart of Africaand Asia and a smaller group in South and Southeast Asia.'GATT is a multilateral agreement on tariffs and trade establishing thecode of rules, regulations, and modalities regulating and operating internationaltrade. It also serves as a forum for discussions and negotiations ...

A Decade of the World Trade Organization and the Trade Performance of Muslim Countries

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Ruzita Mohd. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Merchandise Trade ◽  
Wto Agreements

The World Trade Organization (WTO), established on 1 January 1995 as a successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), has played an important role in promoting global free trade. The implementation of its agreements, however, has not been smooth and easy. In fact this has been particularly difficult for developing countries, since they are expected to be on a level playing field with the developed countries. After more than a decade of existence, it is worth looking at the WTO’s impact on developing countries, particularly Muslim countries. This paper focuses mainly on the performance of merchandise trade of Muslim countries after they joined the WTO. I first analyze their participation in world merchandise trade and highlight their trade characteristics in general. This is then followed by a short discussion on the implications of WTO agreements on Muslim countries and some recommendations on how to face this challenge.

Infinite Needs–Finite Resources: The Future of Healthcare

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Richard D. Lamm
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Competitive Performance ◽  
Service Workers ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Tensions ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Developed World

The single greatest challenge facing managers in the developed countries of the world is to raise the productivity of knowledge and service workers. This challenge, which will dominate the management agenda for the next several decades, will ultimately determine the competitive performance of companies. Even more important, it will determine the very fabric of society and the quality of life of every industrialized nation. … Unless this challenge is met, the developed world will face increasing social tensions, increasing polarization, increasing radicalization, possibly even class war.

Human capital in the new development strategy of Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 410-423
Author(s):  
Konstantin Konstantinovich Kolin
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
National Human ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Main Components

The article analyzes the modern concept of human capital and its role in the socioeconomic development of society. The structure of human capital in Russia and the state of its main components have been studied. The necessity of creating mechanisms for significantly more effective use of the intellectual potential of scientific and educational institutions of the country, as well as of the formation of a national innovation system, is shown. It is demonstrated that according to the World Bank estimates, today the national human capital in developing countries accounts for more than half of their national wealth, and in the developed countries of the world – for about 70-80%. Thus, human capital is now considered as the most important economic category, the importance of which will significantly increase in the 21st century. The author believes that it is advisable to use the positive experience of the functioning of such a system in China.

scholarly journals Study on the development of nanotechnology in advanced countries and in Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Fracalossi Rediguieri
Keyword(s):  
Reference Lists ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Private Investments ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

The study shows how nanotechnology evolves in developed countries and Brazil, raising aspects of private and governmental initiatives. The investigation was based in scientific literature, electronic articles and conference reports. Several sources of literature were used, including electronic databases and reference lists. By this study, it was observed that, although nanotechnology is in initial stage of development all over the world, the developed countries have had growing public and private investments in the area each year. In those countries, there is a concern toward both, the formation of specialists in nanotechnology and the transference of technology developed in universities and research institutes to industry. In Brazil, the study showed that despite the growing concern of investigators, national research centers and financial centers toward the development of the nanotechnology, there is still a need for more investment and formation of area specialists.

scholarly journals Globalization, Knowledge Economy and the implication for Indigenous Knowledge

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Kgomotso H Moahi
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flow Of Information

This paper considers the impact that globalization and the knowledge economy have on the protection and promotion of indigenous knowledge. It is asserted that globalization and the knowledge economy have opened up the world and facilitated the flow of information and knowledge. However, the flow of knowledge has been governed by uneven economic and political power between the developed countries and the devel-oping countries. This has a number of ramifications for IK. The dilemma faced is that whichever method is taken to protect IK (IPR regimes, documenting IK etc) exposes IK to some misappropriation. Protecting it through IPR is also fraught with problems. Documenting IK exposes IK to the public domain and makes it that much easier to be misused. However, not protecting IK runs the danger of having it disappear as the custodians holding it die off, or as communities become swamped by the effects of globalization. The conclu-sion therefore is that governments have to take more interest in protecting, promoting and using IK than they have been doing.

Cycle of Poverty in Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-139
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Idowu Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Economic Cycle ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Cycle ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Cycle Of Poverty ◽  
Do So

Poverty is no longer fashionable even in the less developed countries of the world. The world has deemed poverty-ridden regions of the world as ‘anathema', forbidden, and ignoble. At the same time ways to get out of the menace are regularly strategised over a period of time. The developed countries of the world had been able to nip poverty to the bud significantly, but the developing countries still have a lot to do so as to overcome the menace. Poverty in the developing countries operates in a cycle of repetitions. This makes it difficult to curtail. How can poverty be reduced in the developing countries? This study reveals the reason while poverty has become a domestic phenomenon in developing countries and the way forward. The theory on poverty is evaluated alongside the present economic situation in Africa. The cycle of poverty, which includes the social cycle of poverty (SCP), political cycle of poverty (PCP), and the economic cycle of poverty (ECP), are examined. This study analyses the strategies to break the cycle of poverty in Africa and other developing countries.

The Impact of Population Aging on Economic Growth: Panel Data Evidence from Middle East Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdulaziz Bawazir ◽  
Mohamed Aslam ◽  
Ahmad Farid Osman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
The Developed Countries

This study examines the relationship between population aging and economic growth in a panel of 10 selected Middle East countries for the period of 1996–2016. For this purpose, this study uses two different measures of population aging, namely population aged 65 and over and old dependency ratio, to investigate their impacts on economic growth. The study utilizes the three alternative models of static panel data comprised of the pooled ordinary least squares, random effects, and fixed effects. The results of the robust fixed effects model indicate that the population aged 65 and over and the old dependency ratio have a positive effect on economic growth. The finding supports the argument indicating that an aging population does not necessarily adversely affect economic growth in the developing countries as it does in the developed countries. Therefore, the elderly population is not a matter of concern for the Middle East and the mechanisms through which the effect can take place are savings behavior and human capital accumulation of the individuals.

Design of High-Tech Metre Gauge Coaches on Indian Railways

1992 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
K B L Wadhwa
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Vertical Mode ◽  
The Past ◽  
Test Speed ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
The World ◽  
Lateral Mode ◽  
Ride Index ◽  
The Developed Countries

This paper traces the steps taken by the Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO) of Indian Railways in the past to improve the metre gauge bogie design, which resulted in crossing the age-old speed barrier of 75 km/h, initially in 1977, when the Pink City Express was introduced at a maximum permissible speed of 100 km/h. The ‘Sperling ride index’ achieved at that time at the 110 km/h test speed was nearing 3.2 in the lateral mode and 3.33 in the vertical mode. Major design modifications are described that were carried out in the conventional metre gauge bogie/body, using indigenous technology, while designing high-tech metre gauge (MG) coaches. These are suitable for running on Indian Railways' track at a maximum permissible speed of 120 km/h and at the same time provide superior riding characteristics (with sperling ride index restricted to 2.75) comparable to those available on the main line coaches of 1000 mm gauge in the developed countries of the world.

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