scholarly journals The role of enteroclysis and roentgen anatomy of jejunum and ileumin Crohn's disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 437-443
Author(s):  
Dragan Krivokuca ◽  
Djordjije Saranovic ◽  
Milivoje Vukovic ◽  
Laslo Puskas ◽  
Gordana Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Double Contrast ◽  
Mucosal Folds

Introduction The aims of this research were: I) to establish the value ofen-teroclysis in detection of morphological changes of jejunum and ileum in cases with suspected Crohn's disease and 2) to establish types of morphological changes of jejunum and ileum in patients with Crohn's disease. Material and methods The study compared two groups of people who voluntarily accepted to be examined: a control group and a study group. The control group included 11 healthy people, without gastrointestinal symptom. The study group included 16 patients with Crohn's disease. Single and double-contrast enteroclysis were performed in both groups. Afterwards, we defined parameters which were compared in these groups. Conclusions We concluded that according to statistics there are significantly lower values of the width of the jejunal and Heal lumen and the number of mucosa/folds (per I cm) of the jejunal and Heal wall in the examined group in contrast to the control group. Also, according to statistics there are significantly higher values of the width of the jejunal and ileal wall and the thickness of mucosal folds of the jejunum and ileum in the study group in contrast to the control group.

scholarly journals T300A GENETIC POLYMORPHISM: a susceptibility factor for Crohn’s disease?

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Lorenzo SCOLARO ◽  
Emily dos SANTOS ◽  
Leslie Ecker FERREIRA ◽  
Paulo Henrique Condeixa de FRANÇA ◽  
Harry KLEINUBING ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

ContextCrohn’s disease is characterized by a chronic and debilitating inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Several factors may contribute to its development. From extensive studies of the human genome, the polymorphism T300A of the gene ATG16L1 (autophagy-related 16-like 1) has been related to increased risk of developing this disease.ObjectivesAnalyze the role of polymorphism T300A (rs2241880) in patients with Crohn’s disease.Methods238 samples from (control group) and 106 samples from patients with Crohn’s disease recruited at five Southern Brazilian reference centers were evaluated. The genotyping consisted of the amplification via Polymerase Chain Reaction of the genomic segment encompassing T300A, followed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis. The amplicons and fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed under ultraviolet light.ResultsThe genotype AG was more prevalent among patients and controls (50% vs 44.8%), followed by genotypes AA (26.4% vs 35.1%) and GG (23.6% vs 20.1%). The frequency of the allele G of the polymorphism T300A was higher in the group of patients with Crohn’s disease (48.6%) than in controls (42.4%), although not reaching statistical significance.ConclusionsIt was not possible to confirm the increased susceptibility on development of Crohn’s disease conferred by polymorphism T300A.

scholarly journals The Crohn’s Disease and Proinflammatory Cytokines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al Qteishat ◽  
Kiril Kirov ◽  
Dmitry O. Bokov
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Systemic Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the profile of the main proinflammatory cytokines in the serum of patients with Crohn's disease and establish their association with the severity and activity of the disease. A total of 61 patients (29 women (47.5%), 32 men (52.5%) aged from 18 to 40 years (mean age (30.42 ± 2.51) years) with the verified diagnosis of Crohn's disease in the active phase were examined. The control group consisted of 30 virtually healthy people (VHP) of corresponding age. Crohn's disease is characterized by reliable (p<0.05) increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines in blood compared to virtually healthy people: TNF-α – by 4.45 times (p<0.05), IL-1α – by 5.08 times (p<0.05), IL-6 – by 2.16 times (p<0.05), IL-8 – by 2.04 times (p<0.05), and IFN-γ – by 5.30 times (p<0.05), which can be due to the development of the active inflammatory process in the intestine and the systemic reaction of the body. The degree of increase in TNF-α and IFN-γ content, as well as the presence of direct correlations between the Best activity index and the content of these cytokines in the blood of the examined patients, confirm their leading role in the cascade of immune-inflammatory reactions during Crohn's disease.

P056 DISCRIMINATORY ROLE OF ANTI-MICROBIAL ANTIBODIES IN DIAGNOSIS OF CROHN'S DISEASE AGAINST NORMAL AND OTHER MIMICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. S21-S22
Author(s):  
Peilin Zhang ◽  
Lawrence Minardi ◽  
J. Todd Kuenstner ◽  
Steve Zekan ◽  
Rusty Kruzelock
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease

THE EVALUATION OF SERUM SEROTONIN LEVEL AMONG PATIENTS WITH CROHN’S DISEASE AND ITS IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S55-S55
Author(s):  
Marcin Sochal ◽  
Piotr Bialasiewicz ◽  
Agata Gabryelska ◽  
Renata Talar-Wojnarowska ◽  
Jakub Fichna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Fragmentation ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Intestinal Physiology ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background and aims Serotonin affects intestinal physiology, mood, as well as circadian rhythm. Moreover, serotonin has proinflammatory function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of serotonin in clinical severity of Crohn’s Disease (CD) and its effect on pain and sleep quality. Methods Fifty-nine CD patients (34 in exacerbation and 25 in remission according to the Harvey-Bradshaw Index-HBI) and 25 health control individuals(HC) were recruited. Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and subjective severity of pain by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Seventeen patients were treated with anti-TNF-α induction therapy for 14 weeks. Results Serotonin level was higher in CD (145.12ng/mL, IQR:98.14–179.25) compared to HC (87.52ng/mL, IQR:70.04–129.39; p=0.002) and in exacerbation of CD (157.66ng/mL, IQR:111.94–197.64) compared to remission (122.33ng/mL, IQR:83.28–163.67; p=0.029). Serotonin level with cut-off point of 92.45 ng/mL is useful for distinguishing participants with CD from HC (sensitivity: 78%, specificity: 60%, positive predictive value: 82%). Positive correlation between serotonin and HBI (r=0.279, p=0.032) and severity of diarrhoea (r=0.260, p=0.047) were found. Serotonin does not correlate with PSQI (r=0.152, p=0.168), but correlates with presence of sleep fragmentation for example by getting up to use the bathroom (joined 5b-5j PSQI questions; r=0.270, p=0.039). Correlations between serotonin and VAS were also obtained (r=0.220, p=0.045). Moreover, serotonin level significantly decreased after anti-TNF-α therapy (192.35ng/mL, IQR:150.36–225.56 vs. 121.11ng/mL, IQR:91.28–188.87; p=0.006). The study was funded by National Science Centre, Poland (#2018/31/N/NZ5/03715). Conclusions Serotonin level correlates with the severity of CD and decreases after anti-TNF-α therapy. It is associated with sleep fragmentation, which may be caused by diarrhea.

scholarly journals The role of epigenetic modifications for the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hornschuh ◽  
E. Wirthgen ◽  
M. Wolfien ◽  
K. P. Singh ◽  
O. Wolkenhauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Specific Evaluation

AbstractEpigenetics has become a promising field for finding new biomarkers and improving diagnosis, prognosis, and drug response in inflammatory bowel disease. The number of people suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases, especially Crohn's disease, has increased remarkably. Crohn's disease is assumed to be the result of a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and altered intestinal microbiota, leading to dysregulation of the innate and adaptive immune response. While many genetic variants have been identified to be associated with Crohn's disease, less is known about the influence of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of this disease. In this review, we provide an overview of current epigenetic studies in Crohn's disease. In particular, we enable a deeper insight into applied bioanalytical and computational tools, as well as a comprehensive update toward the cell-specific evaluation of DNA methylation and histone modifications.

scholarly journals Antagonism of Adherent Invasive E. coli LF82 With Human α-defensin 5 in the Follicle-associated Epithelium of Patients With Ileal Crohn’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Y Alkaissi ◽  
Martin E Winberg ◽  
Stéphanie DS Heil ◽  
Staffan Haapaniemi ◽  
Pär Myrelid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ussing Chambers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Follicle Associated Epithelium ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Background The first visible signs of Crohn’s disease (CD) are microscopic erosions over the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of human α-defensin 5 (HD5) on adherent-invasive Escherichia coli LF82 translocation and HD5 secretion after LF82 exposure in an in vitro model of human FAE and in human FAE ex vivo. Methods An in vitro FAE-model was set up by the coculture of Raji B cells and Caco-2-cl1 cells. Ileal FAE from patients with CD and controls were mounted in Ussing chambers. The effect of HD5 on LF82 translocation was studied by LF82 exposure to the cells or tissues with or without incubation with HD5. The HD5 secretion was measured in human FAE exposed to LF82 or Salmonella typhimurium. The HD5 levels were evaluated by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and ELISA. Results There was an increased LF82 translocation across the FAE-model compared with Caco-2-cl1 (P &lt; 0.05). Incubation of cell/tissues with HD5 before LF82 exposure reduced bacterial passage in both models. Human FAE showed increased LF82 translocation in CD compared with controls and attenuated passage after incubation with sublethal HD5 in both CD and controls (P &lt; 0.05). LF82 exposure resulted in a lower HD5 secretion in CD FAE compared with controls (P &lt; 0.05), whereas Salmonella exposure caused equal secretion on CD and controls. There were significantly lower HD5 levels in CD tissues compared with controls. Conclusions Sublethal HD5 reduces the ability of LF82 to translocate through FAE. The HD5 is secreted less in CD in response to LF82, despite a normal response to Salmonella. This further implicates the integrated role of antimicrobial factors and barrier function in CD pathogenesis.

Safety and Efficacy of Single-Dose Ketorolac for Postoperative Pain Management After Primary Palatoplasty: A Prospective Cohort Study With Historical Controls

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110128
Author(s):  
Jason R. Stein ◽  
Esperanza Mantilla-Rivas ◽  
Marudeen Aivaz ◽  
Md Sohel Rana ◽  
Ishwarya Shradha Mamidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Postoperative Hemorrhage ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Opioid Dose ◽  
Historical Controls

Objective: To analyze safety and efficacy of single-dose ketorolac after primary palatoplasty (PP). Design: Consecutive cohort of patients undergoing PP, comparing to historical controls. Setting: A large academic children’s hospital. Patients, Participants: A consecutive cohort of 111 patients undergoing PP (study n = 47) compared to historical controls (n = 64). Interventions: All patients received intraoperative acetaminophen, dexmedetomidine, and opioids while the study group received an additional single dose of ketorolac (0.5 mg/kg) at the conclusion of PP. Main Outcome Measures: Safety of ketorolac was measured by significant bleeding complications and need for supplementary oxygen. Efficacy was assessed through bleeding, Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale, and opioid dose. Results: Length of stay was similar for both groups (control group 38.5 hours [95% CI: 3.6-43.3] versus study group 37.6 hours [95% CI: 31.3-44.0], P = .84). There were no significant differences in all postoperative FLACC scales. The mean dose of opioid rescue medication measured as morphine milligram equivalents did not differ between groups ( P = .56). Significant postoperative hemorrhage was not observed. Conclusions: This is the first prospective study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of single-dose ketorolac after PP. Although lack of standardization between study and historical control groups may have precluded observation of an analgesic benefit, analysis demonstrated a single dose of ketorolac after PP is safe. Further investigations with more patients and different postoperative regimens may clarify the role of ketorolac in improving pain after PP.

scholarly journals The Role of CD68 (+) Histiocytic Macrophages in Nasal Polyp Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuray Bayar Muluk ◽  
Osman Kürşat Arikan ◽  
Pınar Atasoy ◽  
Rahmi Kiliç ◽  
Eda Tuna Yalçinozan
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Polyp ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Deep Layer ◽  
Ethmoid Sinus ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Deep Layers

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the role of CD68 (+) histiocytic macrophages (H-M) in the nasal polyp pathogenesis. Materials and Methods The study group consisted of 24 adult patients with nasal polyposis. The control group consisted of 11 adult patients without nasal polyps. A total of 36 nasal polyp samples (10-nasal cavity, 10-maxillary sinus, and 16-ethmoid sinus) from the study group and 11 inferior turbinate samples from the control group were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, with monoclonal antibodies against CD68 (+) H-M. Results CD68 positivity was significantly higher than the control group in the subepithelial (SE) layer of the ethmoid sinus, and deep layers of nasal cavity, maxillary, and ethmoid sinuses. In SE and deep layers of ethmoid and maxillary sinuses, CD68 positivity was significantly higher than that of the epithelial layer. In the deep layer, histiocytic macrophages tended to gather around eosinophils. Conclusion The high numbers of CD68 (+) histiocytic macrophages mainly located in deep layer of lamina propria may be responsible for the phagocytosis of eosinophils within the polyp tissue. Therefore, it may be concluded that increased macrophages in nasal polyps do not trigger the growth of nasal polyps. Instead, they may serve to reduce the number of eosinophils in already-developed nasal polyps.

scholarly journals Role of Probiotics and Their Metabolites in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Toumi Ryma ◽  
Arezki Samer ◽  
Imene Soufli ◽  
Hayet Rafa ◽  
Chafia Touil-Boukoffa
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a term used to describe a group of complex disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. IBDs include two main forms: Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), which share similar clinical symptoms but differ in the anatomical distribution of the inflammatory lesions. The etiology of IBDs is undetermined. Several hypotheses suggest that Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis result from an abnormal immune response against endogenous flora and luminal antigens in genetically susceptible individuals. While there is no cure for IBDs, most common treatments (medication and surgery) aim to reduce inflammation and help patients to achieve remission. There is growing evidence and focus on the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of probiotics in IBDs. Probiotics are live microorganisms that regulate the mucosal immune system, the gut microbiota and the production of active metabolites such as Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs). This review will focus on the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the immunopathogenesis of IBDs and understanding the health-promoting effects of probiotics and their metabolites.

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