scholarly journals Family dysfunction in adolescents with suicidal behavior and in adolescents with conduct disorders

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Ivanovic-Kovacevic ◽  
Aleksandra Dickov ◽  
Gordana Misic-Pavkov
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Cry For Help ◽  
Adolescent Autonomy ◽  
Mixed Feelings

Introduction. The period of life known as adolescence generally refers to transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescents' progress toward autonomy involves remaining connected with, as well as separated from parents. Young people and their parents usually have mixed feelings about adolescent autonomy and attachment. An estimated 50% of children born in the 80s have spent part of their developmental years in single-parent households. Divorce is almost always a stressful event in children's lives. Youthful suicide rate has increased dramatically and is the third leading cause of death among 15-19 year olds. Conduct disorder is one of the most frequently diagnosed conditions in adolescents. Suicidal adolescents and adolescents with conduct disorder are much more likely than their peers to have grown up in disrupted, disorganized homes with lack of attachment between parents and their children. Material and methods This prospective study was carried out during 2002, 2003, and 2004. The research included 60 adolescents treated at the Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in Novi Sad, 30 with diagnosed conduct disorder and 30 with suicidal behavior. Results Along with other kinds of distress, suicidal adolescents have experienced an escalation of family problems a few months prior to attempted suicide. Discussion Divorce and life in single-parent households is almost always a stressful period in children's lives. Conduct disorder and suicidal behavior represent a desperate cry for help. Conclusion Most adolescents in both groups live in single-parent house?holds. These young people have frequently passed into adolescence with little reason to feel that they could rely on their parents for support, or on their home as a place of sanctuary. .

Suicidal Behavior in Young People

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 716-717
Author(s):  
Ann S. Masten
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Suicidal Behavior

scholarly journals The Emotional Nature of Birth Family Relationships for Care-experienced and Adopted Young People: A Longitudinal Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2097843
Author(s):  
Montserrat Fargas-Malet ◽  
Dominic McSherry
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Adoption Research ◽  
Mixed Feelings ◽  
Birth Family ◽  
Theory Research

Research focused on relationships and contact with birth family for children and young people who were separated from them as infants has rarely acknowledged the emotional and dynamic nature of such interactions. Curiosity has been dominant in adoption research. However, in our longitudinal study of young people who entered care at a young age, a range of other feelings and combination of feelings emerged in the youths’ narratives, including contentment and mixed feelings such as anger, affection, loss, guilt, or worry. Type of placement, that is, whether the young people had been adopted, lived with kinship foster carers or non-relative foster parents, did not determine their emotional reactions to their birth family. The young people’s perspectives and emotions often changed over time. In this article, we describe the young people’s emotional responses to birth family, and highlight implications for theory, research, and practice.

Suicidal behavior among adolescents with conduct disorder—the role of alcohol dependence

2007 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essi Ilomäki ◽  
Pirkko Räsänen ◽  
Kaisa Viilo ◽  
Helinä Hakko
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicidal Behavior

Conduct Disorders in Children and Adolescents

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Susan E. Gottlieb ◽  
Stanford B. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Aggressive Behaviors ◽  
Physical Fighting ◽  
Group Type ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Societal Norms ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Problematic Behaviors ◽  
Age Appropriate

Conduct disorder is the most prevalent psychopathologic condition of childhood. It is characterized by a persistent and repetitive pattern of aggressive, noncompliant, intrusive, and poorly self-controlled behaviors that violate either the rights of others or age-appropriate societal norms.1 These behaviors have a significant impact on the daily functioning of the child or adolescent and on the ability of parents and other adults to manage them. The specific behavioral criteria for the diagnosis of conduct disorder can be conceptualized as either aggressive or nonaggressive in type (Table 1). Examples of aggressive behaviors are physical fighting and bullying, assault, vandalism, purse snatching, physical cruelty to persons or animals, breaking and entering, and arson. More serious aggressive behaviors are armed robbery, rape, and extortion. Nonaggressive behaviors of conduct disorder include substance abuse, persistent truancy, running away from home overnight, frequent lying in a variety of social settings, theft not involving a confrontation with a victim, and chronic violation of rules or the basic rights of others. Three subtypes of conduct disorder are identified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, revised 3rd edition.1 These are descriptions of the functional contexts in which the particular behavior problems occur. The group type involves problematic behaviors that occur as part of an activity with peers.

Psychosocial factors of suicidal behavior of adolescents: review of foreign studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
S.E Myrzabaev ◽  
◽  
M.S. Sadyrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

This article aims to review research that seeks to find psychosocial factors of suicidal behavior among adolescents. The article deals with the sociological research of European authors who dealt with the problem of suicidal behavior of adolescents and young people aged 14-24 years. Studying these studies, the article shows the psychosocial risk factors for suicide and suicidal behavior among progeny.

Mental disorders as risk factors for suicidal behavior in young people: A meta-analysis and systematic review of longitudinal studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 152-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margalida Gili ◽  
Pere Castellví ◽  
Margalida Vives ◽  
Alejandro de la Torre-Luque ◽  
José Almenara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Some individual psychological characteristics as protective or risk factors for occurrence of conduct disorder

Psihologija ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-185
Author(s):  
Jasminka Markovic ◽  
Jelena Srdanovic-Maras ◽  
Valentina Sobot ◽  
Svetlana Ivanovic-Kovacevic ◽  
Sladjana Martinovic-Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Healthy Siblings ◽  
Stress Coping Strategies

Our study included 30 pairs of siblings aged 12-18 years; one sibling with and one without conduct disorder in each pair. The aim of the study was to assess individual characteristics of those siblings, i.e. to determine differences in psychological characteristics of the siblings with regard to locus of control, stress coping strategies and frequency and structure of behavioral problems and emotions. The results suggested significant differences in individual characteristics of children with conduct disorder and their healthy siblings. These results mainly confirm previous results of foreign research on a sample of our population. Exception of findings was related to strategies for coping with stress: religious behavior that didn?t turn out as a protective factor and avoiding confrontation and withdrawal which are shown as a protective factor. These results suggest the importance of individual psychological characteristics for the occurrence of conduct disorders and have implications in therapy and in preventive work with adolescents.

scholarly journals Evaluating empathy in adolescents with conduct disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Kostic ◽  
Milkica Nesic ◽  
Miodrag Stankovic ◽  
Olivera Zikic ◽  
Jasminka Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Affective Empathy

Background/Aim. According to currently available data, there is no research dealing with evaluating empathy in adolescents with conduct disorders in our region. The aim of the research was to examine the differences in the severity of cognitive and affective empathy in adolescents with and with no conduct disorder, as well as to examine the relationship between cognitive and affective empathy and the level of externalization in adolescents with conduct disorder. Methods. This research was conducted on 171 adolescents, aged 15 to 18, using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, Youth Self- Report and a Questionnaire constructed for the purpose of this research. Results. The results showed that adolescents with conduct disorder had significantly lower scores for Perspective Taking (t = 3.255, p = 0.001), Fantasy (t = 2.133, p = 0.034) and Empathic Concern (t = 2.479, p = 0.014) compared to the adolescents in the control group, while the values for Personal Distress (t = 1.818, p = 0.071) were higher compared to the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The study showed a statistically significant negative correlation between Perspective Taking and aggression (r = - 0.318, p = 0.003) and a negative correlation between Perspective Taking and the overall level of externalizing problems (r = -0.310, p = 0.004) in the group of adolescents with conduct disorder. Conclusion. This research contributes to better understanding of behavioral disorders in terms of individual factors, especially empathic reactivity. Preventive work with young people who have behavioral problems associated with empathy deficit disorder proved to be an important tool in preventing the development, or at least relieving the symptoms, of this ever more common disorder.

scholarly journals Mental disorders in Australian 4- to 17- year olds: Parent-reported need for help

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Johnson ◽  
David Lawrence ◽  
Michael Sawyer ◽  
Stephen R Zubrick
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Objective: To describe the extent to which parents report that 4- to 17-year-olds with symptoms meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for mental disorders need help, the types of help needed, the extent to which this need is being met and factors associated with a need for help. Method: During 2013–2014, a national household survey of the mental health of Australia’s young people (Young Minds Matter) was conducted, involving 6310 parents (and carers) of 4- to 17-year-olds. The survey identified 12-month mental disorders using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children – Version IV ( n = 870) and asked parents about the need for four types of help – information, medication, counselling and life skills. Results: Parents of 79% of 4- to 17-year-olds with mental disorders reported that their child needed help, and of these, only 35% had their needs fully met. The greatest need for help was for those with major depressive disorder (95%) and conduct disorder (93%). Among these, 39% of those with major depressive disorder but only 19% of those with conduct disorder had their needs fully met. Counselling was the type of help most commonly identified as being needed (68%). In multivariate models, need for counselling was higher when children had autism or an intellectual disability, in blended families, when parents were distressed, and in the most advantaged socioeconomic areas. Conclusions: Many children and adolescents meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for mental disorders have a completely unmet need for help, especially those with conduct disorders. Even with mild disorders, lack of clinical assessment represents an important missed opportunity for early intervention and treatment.

Child sexual abuse and the pathophysiology of suicide in adolescents and adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betsy S. O’Brien ◽  
Leo Sher
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Multiple Variables

Abstract Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is widespread and is associated with various psychopathologies, including Axis I and II disorders, maladaptive and impulsive behaviors, and suicidal behavior in adolescence and adults. The pathophysiology of this association is not well understood; however, it is clear that suicidal behavior in individuals with a history of CSA is a significant social and medical problem that warrants further investigation. Methods: An electronic search of the major behavioral science databases (limited to the most recent studies in the last 20 years) was conducted to retrieve studies detailing the social, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of child sexual trauma and their relation to suicidal behavior in adolescents and adults. Results: Studies indicate that CSA is related to an increase in Axis I and II diagnoses, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, conduct disorders, eating disorders, alcohol and drug abuse, panic disorders, and borderline personality disorder. CSA not just related to an increase in impulsivity and risky behaviors, it has also been linked to an increase in suicidality as well. Conclusion: CSA makes both direct and indirect contributions to suicidal behavior. It is a complex process involving multiple variables, which include psychopathology, maladaptive personality features and the direct contribution of CSA itself. Psychopathologies, such as impulsivity and mood and personality disorders, may modulate the relationship between CSA and suicidal behavior. Some preventive measures for decreasing the prevalence of CSA and suicidality may include education as well as increased access to mental health services.

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