scholarly journals Corticosteroid therapy of zoster-associated pain

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Dejan Cvjetkovic ◽  
Jovana Jovanovic ◽  
Ivana Hrnjakovic-Cvjetkovic ◽  
Mirjana Djordjevic-Aleksic ◽  
Aleksandra Radojcic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Postherpetic Neuralgia ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Introduction Lack of exact clinical studies on effects of corticosteroids in therapy and prevention of herpes zoster-related pain, elicited many controversies in the past. The aim of our study was to estimate effects of prednisone on frequency, intensity and duration of postherpetic neuralgia. Material and methods 68 immunocompetent herpes zoster patients, 8-90 years of age (37 females and 31 males, mean age 55,7 years) were enrolled for study; 30 patients were treated with acyclovir (5x800 mg daily for a 7-day period) and prednisone (initial daily dose 60 mg, tapering over 14 days), and the control group of 38 patients with acyclovir only. Patients were clinically followed up for 3 months after complete resolution of skin lesions. Chi-square test was used in statistical data analysis. Results The difference regarding incidence of postherpetic neuralgia in acyclovir/prednisone group and acyclovir group (although slightly less in the former one) was not significant. Duration of postherpetic neuralgia over 3 months was similar in both groups. Mild postherpetic pain was more common in the acyclovir/prednisone group (44.4%) than in the acyclovir group (28.6%); however, statistical validation requires more patients to be studied. Discussion Results of our study didn?t confirm efficiency of prednisone regarding occurrence and characteristics of postherpetic neuralgia. Failure of prednisone therapy may be partly contributed to advanced age of patients and delayed onset of therapy. Conclusion Use of corticosteroids in zoster patients gives neither reliable protection from appearance of postherpetic neuralgia, nor shortens its duration. Further investigations are necessary to estimate their effects on postherpetic pain.

scholarly journals NASOPHARYNGEAL SPECIMEN COLLECTION FROM SUSPECTED COVID-19 CASES, MAKING THE PROCEDURE SAFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽  
pp. S432-36
Author(s):  
Sohail Aslam ◽  
Syed Muhammad Asad Shabbir Bukhari ◽  
Adnan Asghar ◽  
Naeem Riaz ◽  
Iftekhar Yousaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To comparison was made between standard (control group) nasopharyngeal sample collection technique for RTPCR and modified technique and the outcome was compared in terms of the proportion of positive results of Rt-PCR tests. Study Design: Double blinded randomized clinical trial. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital Karachi Pakistan, from June and July 2020. Methodology: This study was a newly developed modified technique for nasopharyngeal sampling for RT-PCR tests of COVID-19 suspects. Target population included all patients who developed COVID-19 related symptoms and/or also had history of recent travel or closed contact with Covid-19 patients. Total 1500 nasopharyngeal PCR tests were done by a team of trained technicians. Systemetic probability sampling technique was utilized. Subjects were divided into two groups by using even and odd serial numbers. Proportion of positive test results were compared between two groups by using chi square test. Results: Results were collected for 3000 nasopharyngeal swab sample for RT-PCR testing. Mean age was 31.68 ± 11.89 years. In study group with modified technique, 470 tests were found positive for a total of 1500 samples while only 297 out of 1500 samples were detected positive in control group with standard technique. Chi square test applied to assess the difference between this proportion and it proved that the difference was highly statistically significant (p-value <0.00). Conclusion: we interpret that modified samples collection technique is relatively safe for sample collector of Covid-19 PCR which has got potential benefits to get more genuine results of these......

scholarly journals A Case-Control Study on the Relationship Between Cholecystectomy and Cholangiocarcinoma in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglie Zhu ◽  
Hang Fu ◽  
Zelong Yang ◽  
Mingzuo Jiang ◽  
Yanjie Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hepatic Hemangioma ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aims: The present study aimed to explore the correlation between cholecystectomy and cholangiocarcinoma, and to provide preliminary clinical basis for precise cholecystectomy in China.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 9744 patients with cholangiocarcinoma, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, femoral fracture, and hepatic hemangioma diagnosed in Xijing hospital from August 2008 to August 2018. They were divided into three groups: case group (1749 cases of cholangiocarcinoma), positive control group (3137 cases of colon cancer and 1950 cases of pancreatic cancer), negative control group (1794 cases of femoral fracture and 1114 cases of hepatic hemangioma). We collected the general information (gender, age), past medical history, cholecystectomy history from the patients, and these data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The cholecystectomy rate of the case group was significantly higher than that of the positive control group and the negative control group by chi-square test (p<0.025). The cholecystectomy rate and the history of cholecystolithiasis were analyzed by logistic multivariate regression analysis. The OR values of cholecystectomy rate were 1.553 (95%CI: 1.311-1.840) and 3.181 (95%CI: 2.561-3.951), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.000). The OR values of the history of cholecystolithiasis were 2.460 (95%CI: 2.093-2.890) and 5.426 (95%CI: 4.325-6.809), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.000). In case group, the difference between cholecystectomy and cholecystolithiasis was statistically significant (p<0.000) by chi-square test. Conclusions: In conclusion, cholecystectomy is one of the risk factors of cholangiocarcinoma and the patients who undergo cholecystectomy have a higher risk of cholangiocarcinoma than the control groups. Cholecystectomy should be conducted with caution and the precise surgical treatment of gallbladder diseases is advocated.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and prognostic value of preherpetic neuralgia

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 412-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Cvjetkovic ◽  
Jovana Jovanovic ◽  
Ivana Hrnjakovic-Cvjetkovic ◽  
Mirjana Aleksic-Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Postherpetic Neuralgia ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Complete Healing ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction Herpes zoster is a world-wide disease of older age commonly presenting with preherpetic pain. The aim of the study was to determine clinical characteristics of preherpetic neuralgia and its influence on occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia. Material and methods A prospective, controlled trial included 88 patients with preherpetic neuralgia. 44 herpes zoster patients without preherpetic neuralgia were included in the control group. All of them were clinically followed-up for three months after complete healing of skin lesions. Results Older age (>60 years) was significantly predominant (59.1%) compared with other age groups (p<0.01) as well as female sex (59.9%) compared with the male sex (p<0.01). There was no significant predominance of any type of preherpetic neuralgia (stabbing, burning, itching, dull pain). More intense preherpetic pain (reported as "severe" and "moderate") was established more often than mild pain. The mean duration of preherpetic pain was 4,4 days (ranged between 1-20 days). Postherpetic neuralgia developed in 36/88 patients with preherpetic neuralgia (affecting predominantly older than 50 years of age - 31/36), but there was no significant difference in proportion of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) according to those without preherpetic neuralgia. Discussion and conclusion People older than 60 years are the most common age group among herpes zoster patients suffering from preherpetic neuralgia. Sex distribution of patients with preherpetic pain reveals highly significant predominance of female sex. Opposite to some other authors' reports, preherpetic neuralgia and its severity have not been proven as risk factors for postherpetic neuralgia in patients involved in our trial. .

The Impact of Nipple Repair in the Treatment of  Lactating Nipple Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAIFENG GAO ◽  
jie Wang ◽  
Songtao Ding ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relief Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective To explore the effect of nipple repair in the treatment of lactating nipple injury.Methods Patients with nipple lesions admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Haidian District from December 2015 to January 2020 were retrospective control study. The patients received nipple repair was the study group, the patients did not treated with medicine or surgery was the control group. Patients in both groups continued to be exclusively breastfeed with good sucking, The method of chi-square test was adopted by using SPSS24.0 statistical software to compare the difference of healing effect of nipple injury, pain relief rate, and recurrence rate of nipple injury.Results A total of 167 patients were enrolled, including in the 81 study group and 86 in the control group. The cure rates of the nipple injury in the study group and in the control group were 54.3% (44/81) and 26.7% (23/86) (χ2 = 13.451, P = 0.001). The complete pain relief rate was 48.1% (39/81) and 23.3% (20/86) (χ2 = 14.170, P = 0.001). The recurrence rate was 36.4% (16/44) and 34.8% (8/23) (χ2 = 0.016, P = 0.898).Conclusion For patients with no improvement in nipple damage after correction of etiology, nipple repair can improve the healing environment of nipple breakage, relieve nipple pain.

scholarly journals DIFFERENCES IN THE QUALITY OF VACCINES STORED IN COOLER BOXES COMPARED TO HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATORS

NSC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Herinawati Herinawati ◽  
Atikah Fadhilah Danaz Nasution ◽  
Lia Artika Sari ◽  
Iksaruddin Iksaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Background: The inappropriate temperature of vaccine storage may cause vaccine damage leading to degrading or even dispelling the vaccine’s quality. This research aims to reveal the difference of vaccine’s quality stored in the cooler box compared to the household refrigerator with vaccine only and the difference of vaccine’s quality stored in the cooler box compared to the household refrigerator with vaccine stored along with food and beverage Methods: The research design uses an experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. The research was conducted at two independent practice midwives in Antapani Sub-district and the Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology from November to December 2015. The research object used eight types of vaccine (Hepatitis B, BCG, DPT-HB-Hib, Polio, Measles, DT, Td, and TT) with 72 vaccine vials divided into 3 vaccine storage units. The data analysis uses the chi-square test. Results: The results of the research show that there are statistically significant differences between the vaccine’s quality stored using a cooler box compared to a household refrigerator with vaccine only and the vaccine’s quality stored using a cooler box compared to a household refrigerator with vaccine stored along with food and beverage with the value of p<0,05. Conclusion: It is concluded that there are differences of the vaccine’s quality stored using cooler box compared to a household refrigerator with vaccine only and also different vaccine’s quality stored using cooler box compared to a household refrigerator with vaccine stored along with food and beverage Keywords: Cooler box, household refrigerator, vaccine quality

scholarly journals The effect of a loving-kindness and compassion meditation program on the empathy, emotion, and stress of nursing college students

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hui Nam ◽  
Hyun-Sook Park
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Compassion Meditation ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nursing College ◽  
And Control

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a loving-kindness and compassion meditation program on the empathy, emotion, and stress of nursing college students.Methods: A pre-posttest experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was applied. The participants were 39 nursing college students (experimental group: 19, control group: 20). The loving-kindness and compassion meditation program for nursing college students took 8 weeks. Data was collected from February 2016 to March 2016, and was analyzed by Chi-square test and independent t-test using IBM SPSS/WIN 19.0.Results: The difference between the experiment group and control group was statistically significant in empathy, negative affect, and perceived stress.Conclusion: The results indicate that the loving-kindness and compassion meditation program was effective for empathy improvement and stress management of nursing college students.

scholarly journals Konseling gizi dan pengaruhnya terhadap asupan zat gizi dan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Suwarni Suwarni ◽  
Ahmad Husein Asdie ◽  
Herni Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nutrition Counseling ◽  
Local Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nutrition Intake ◽  
The Difference

Background : Hypertension is one of the most common worldwide diseases that can be an important public health challenge. The causes of hypertension are high consumption of salt and fat, obesity, stress, age, sex, family history, smoking, and consumption of alcoholic drinks. The prevalence of hypertension in the world, Asia, and Indonesia are 15-20%, 8-18%, and 1,8-28,6%, respectively. The solution to this problem is not only depend on drugs but also counseling through leaflet as the process of assisting clients in facing the problem of hypertension.Objectives : To know the effect of nutrition counseling on nutrition intake and blood pressure of hypertension outpatients at local hospital of the Province of Southeast Sulawesi. Methods : The study was quasi experimental with pre- and post-control design. Samples were divided into 2 groups; intervention group was given nutrition counseling and leaflet and the second (control) was only given leaflet. Samples were hypertension outpatients who fulfilled inclusions and exclusions criteria, and there were 25 samples per group. Data of nutrient intake were processed using Nutrisurvey. Chi-square test was used to identify the difference between the intervention group and the control group; whereas t-test was used to identify independent as well as dependent variables.Results : There were no significant differences in intake of fat, natrium, potassium, and magnesium between the intervention group and control group (p > 0.05); but there were differences between them at the end of study (p < 0.05). Blood pressures of both of them were also not different (p > 0.05); however, at the end of study there was difference between them (p < 0.05).Conclusion : Nutrition counseling could improve nutrition intake and blood pressure of hypertension outpatients at local hospital of the Province of Southeast Sulawesi.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN POLA MAKAN PADA BALITA STUNTING DAN TIDAK STUNTING DI KECAMATAN TEON NILA SERUA (TNS) KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trixie Leunupun ◽  
Ani Margawati ◽  
Annastasia Ediati
Keyword(s):  
Child Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
The Difference

Stunting is a condition that describes the growth of children due to long-term malnutrition. Stunting according to WHO is based on the index of the body length compared to age (PB/U) or height compared to the age (TB/U) with the Z-score limit of less than-2 SD. The age of toddlers is an age where child growth and development happens very quickly. In that age toddlers often experience health problems especially nutritional problems. Insufficient nutritional intake can cause stunting and can inhibit children's development. Design of observational analytic research with case-control design in toddlers aged 2-3 years. The population of this research is all toddlers who reside in the working area of Puskesmas Layeni subdistrict of Central Maluku district. Sample research is done using the Lameshow formula. The study used the ratio of 1:1 so that the number of research subjects in the case group was equivalent to the number of research subjects in the control group (i.e. 30 children per group), resulting in a total subject of 60 children. Analysis of the data used to see the difference between variables using the chi-square test. Variable dependent events are stunting and independent dietary variables. The results of the chi-square test show that there is no difference between the diet (the level of energy and protein adequacy) in a stunting toddler and not stunting the value (p > 0.05). The conclusion of the diet (adequacy of energy and protein) respectively in the group of cases is not too much of a significant difference. But in the control group more toddlers with good energy and protein adequacy levels. Keywords: toddler, diet, stunting

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effects of Maternal Supportive Care and Acupressure (at BL32 Acupoint) on Labor Length and Infant’s Apgar Score

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Akbarzadeh ◽  
Zahra Masoudi ◽  
Najaf Zare ◽  
Maryam Kasraeian
Keyword(s):  
Supportive Care ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Labor Length

<p><strong>BACKGROUND &amp; OBJECTIVES:</strong> Prolonged labor leads to increase of cesarean deliveries, reduction of fetal heart rate, and maternal as well as infantile complications. Therefore, many women tend to use pharmacological or non-pharmacological methods for reduction of labor length. The present study aimed to compare the effects of maternal supportive care and acupressure (at BL32 acupoint) on labor length and infant’s Apgar score.</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong> In this clinical trial, 150 women with low-risk pregnancy were randomly divided into supportive care, acupressure, and control groups each containing 50 subjects. The data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic and pregnancy characteristics. Then, the data were analyzed using Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The mean length of the first and second stages of labor was respectively 157.0<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>29.5 and 58.9<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>25.8 minutes in the supportive care group, 161.7<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>37.3 and 56.1<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>31.4 minutes in the acupressure group, ad 281.0<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>79.8 and 128.4<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>44.9 minutes in the control group. The difference between the length of labor stages was significant in the three study groups (P&lt;0.001). Moreover, the frequency of Apgar score<span style="text-decoration: underline;">&gt;</span>8 in the first and 5<sup>th</sup> minutes was higher in the supportive care and acupressure groups compared to the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P&lt;0.001).</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Continuous support and acupressure could reduce the length of labor stages and increase the infants’ Apgar scores. Therefore, these methods, as effective non-pharmacological strategies, can be introduced to the medical staff to improve the delivery outcomes.</p>

scholarly journals MANFAAT LATIHAN RELAKSASI HYPNOBIRTHING PADA PROSES PERSALINAN KALA I

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Yayuk Nuryanti ◽  
Wenny Artanty Nisman ◽  
Risanto Siswosudarmo
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Hypnobirthing merupakan salah satu teknik autohipnosis yang merupakan bagiandari tindakan mandiri perawat untuk menyiapkan proses persalinan dalam mengurangi kecemasandan nyeri persalinan. Tujuan penelitian: untuk mengetahui perbedaan nyeri persalinan dan lamapersalinan kala I antara kelompok ibu hamil yang dilatih relaksasi hypnobirthing dengan yang tidakdilatih. Metode: desain penelitian secara quasi eksperimen, sampel diambil secara consecutivesejumlah 82 orang di 4 BPM Kabupaten Klaten. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi square dan regresilogistik. Hasil penelitian didapatkan perbedaan persentase antara kelompok perlakuan dengankelompok kontrol, untuk rasa tidak nyeri perbedaan 23% dengan RR 2,94 (95% CI 1,17–7,41) p= 0,013. Pada kala I tidak lama perbedaan 19% dengan RR 1,26 (95% CI 1,01–1,57) p = 0,035.Hasil ini menunjukkan kemungkinan tidak nyeri hampir 3 kali dan kemungkinan kala I tidak lamahampir 1,5 kali pada kelompok perlakuan. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa relaksasihypnobirthing dan multiparitas memberi efek yang signifi kan untuk mengurangi nyeri persalinan danmempersingkat lama kala I. Kesimpulan: Latihan relaksasi hypnobirthing memberi manfaat untukmengurangi nyeri persalinan dan memperpendek lama kala I pada proses persalinan normal. Saran:Hypnobirthing perlu diberikan kepada ibu hamil sebagai bagian dari perawatan kehamilanuntuk menyiapkan psikologis ibu dalam menghadapi persalinan. Untuk pengembangan penelitianselanjutnya, perlu ditambahkan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi nyeri persalinan.Kata Kunci: hypnobirthing, persalinan, nyeri persalinan, persalinan kala I.BENEFITS OF HYPNOBIRTHING EXERCISE IN THE FIRST STAGE OF LABORABSTRACTIntroduction: Hypnobirthing is a technique of autohypnosis which is a part of self-nursing care toprepare a more comfortable labor process. Objective: To identify difference in labor pain, durationof the fi rst stage of labor between pregnant mothers trained with hypnobirthing and those whowere not trained. Methods: This study employed a quasi experimental design involving 4 privatemidwives in Klaten Regency. Samples were 82 mothers taken consecutively. Data were statisticallyanalyzed using Chi square-test and logistic regression. Results: There were differences betweenthe treatment group and the control group. The difference in feeling no pain was 23% with RR of2.94 (95% CI 1.17-7.41) p=0.013; the difference in the short duration of the fi rst stage of labor was19% with RR of 1.26 (95% CI 1.01-1.57) p=0.035. The results indicated that the probability of feelingno pain was almost three times and the probability of short duration of the fi rst stage of labor wasone and a half times in the treatment group. The logistic regression showed that hypnobirthing andmultiparity had a signifi cant effect on reducing pain during labor process and shorthening durationof the fi rst stage of labor. Conclusion: Hypnobirthing exercise was bene fi cial in reducing pain andshorthening duration of the fi rst stage of labor process. Suggestion: Hypnobirthing should be givento pregnant women as part of prenatal care for psychological condition of mothers in facing the labor.Further research needs to be include factors that affect pain labor.Keywords: hypnobirthing, labor process, pain labor, fi rst stage of labor

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