scholarly journals Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 511-515
Author(s):  
Zeljko Mijailovic ◽  
Predrag Canovic ◽  
Olgica Gajovic ◽  
Zoran Todorovic ◽  
Ljiljana Nesic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

Introduction Hepatitis C viral infection represents a major health problem in the world. The estimated global incidence is about 3%, whereas the number of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers worldwide is estimated to be between 150-300 million people. Material and methods This retrospective analysis included 82 patients whose diagnosis of viral hepatitis C infection was based upon the following criteria: case history, physical examination, laboratory and abdominal ultrasound examination, histological examination of the liver, radiological examination, serological analysis and viral analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe general data on patients of the study group, risk factor analysis and follow-up results. Results The most prominent risk factor in our study group was intravenous use of drugs in 37 patients (37%), and blood transfusion in 13 patients (13%). Less important risk factors of viral hepatitis C infection included: promiscuity (8%), sexual contact with hepatitis C carriers (5%), surgical intervention (5%), haemodialysis (3%), intranasal use of cocaine (2%). Discussion Hepatitis C viral infection has become the illness of young and middle-aged population. This is due to the epidemic profile of this illness, due to intravenous use of drugs as the most prominent risk factor. Conclusion Due to the number of infected, numerous risk factors and complications of viral hepatitis C, hepatitis C virus has become the most prominent hepatotrophic virus.

scholarly journals Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: results from a nationwide screening program

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Damascene Makuza ◽  
Carol Y. Liu ◽  
Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽  
Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽  
Sabine Umuraza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

scholarly journals Similar Low Rates of HCV Recurrence in HCV/HIV- and HCV-Infected Participants who Achieved SVR After DAA Treatment: Interim Results From the ACTG A5320 Viral Hepatitis C Infection Long-term Cohort Study (V-HICS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
David L Wyles ◽  
Minhee Kang ◽  
Roy M Matining ◽  
Robert L Murphy ◽  
Marion G Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence rates were similar between those with HCV/HIV co-infection (0.35/100 person-years) and HCV infection (0.42/100 person-years). Low rates of recurrence likely represent enrollment of an HIV population at low risk for recurrence. Care should be taken not to label all HCV/HIV co-infected patients as being at high risk for HCV recurrence.

scholarly journals Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: Results from a Nationwide Screening Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Damascene Makuza ◽  
Carol Y Liu ◽  
Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽  
Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽  
Sabine Umuraza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control. Methods: A HCV screening campaign was conducted in the general population in 24 districts previously identified to have a high HCV disease burden. At the time of sample collection, sociodemographic information and self-reported risk factors were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with hepatitis C antibodies (HCVAb) seroprevalence. Results: Out of a total of 326,263 individuals screened for HCVAb, 22,183 (6.8%) were positive. In multivariate analysis, risk factors identified as statistically associated with HCVAb Seroprevalence include history of traditional operation or scarification (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.14), presence of viral hepatitis in the family (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15-1.40), widowed or separated/divorced (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.26-1.47), Southern province (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.88-2.08) and aged 65 years and older (OR=4.86, 95% CI: 4.62-5.11). Ubudehe category 3 (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.93-1.01) and participants using RAMA (Health insurances for employees of public and private sectors) insurance (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.70-0.85) had lower odds of HCV seroprevalence. Conclusions: Our findings provide important information for Rwanda’s strategy on prevention and case-finding. Future prevention interventions should aim to reduce transmission through targeted messaging around traditional healing practices and case-finding targeting individuals with a history of exposure or advanced age.

scholarly journals Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: Results from a Nationwide Screening Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Damascene Makuza ◽  
Carol Y Liu ◽  
Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽  
Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽  
Sabine Umuraza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control. Methods: A HCV screening campaign was conducted in the general population in 24 districts previously identified to have a high HCV disease burden. At the time of sample collection, sociodemographic information and self-reported risk factors were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with hepatitis C antibodies (HCVAb) seroprevalence. Results: Out of a total of 326,263 individuals screened for HCVAb, 22,183 (6.8%) were positive. In multivariate analysis, risk factors identified as statistically associated with HCVAb Seroprevalence include history of traditional operation or scarification (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.14), presence of viral hepatitis in the family (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15-1.40), widowed or separated/divorced (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.26-1.47), Southern province (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.88-2.08) and aged 65 years and older (OR=4.86, 95% CI: 4.62-5.11). Ubudehe category 3 (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.93-1.01) and participants using RAMA (Health insurances for employees of public and private sectors) insurance (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.70-0.85) had lower odds of HCV seroprevalence. Conclusions: Our findings provide important information for Rwanda’s strategy on prevention and case-finding. Future prevention interventions should aim to reduce transmission through targeted messaging around traditional healing practices and case-finding targeting individuals with a history of exposure or advanced age.

scholarly journals Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: Results from a Nationwide Screening Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Damascene Makuza ◽  
Carol Y Liu ◽  
Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽  
Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽  
Sabine Umuraza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control. Methods: A HCV screening campaign was conducted in the general population in 24 districts previously identified to have a high HCV disease burden. At the time of sample collection, sociodemographic information and self-reported risk factors were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with hepatitis C antibodies (HCVAb) seroprevalence. Results: Out of a total of 326,263 individuals screened for HCVAb, 22,183 (6.8%) were positive. In multivariate analysis, risk factors identified as statistically associated with HCVAb Seroprevalence include history of traditional operation or scarification (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.14), presence of viral hepatitis in the family (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15-1.40), widowed or separated/divorced (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.26-1.47), Southern province (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.88-2.08) and aged 65 years and older (OR=4.86, 95% CI: 4.62-5.11). Ubudehe category 3 (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.93-1.01) and participants using RAMA (Health insurances for employees of public and private sectors) insurance (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.70-0.85) had lower odds of HCV seroprevalence. Conclusions: Our findings provide important information for Rwanda’s strategy on prevention and case-finding. Future prevention interventions should aim to reduce transmission through targeted messaging around traditional healing practices and case-finding targeting individuals with a history of exposure or advanced age.

scholarly journals Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: Results from a Nationwide Screening Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Damascene Makuza ◽  
Carol Y Liu ◽  
Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽  
Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽  
Sabine Umuraza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control. Methods A HCV screening campaign was conducted in the general population in 24 districts previously identified to have a high HCV disease burden at the time of sample collection, sociodemographic information and self-reported risk factors were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with HCVAb seroprevalence. Results Out of a total of 326,263 individuals screened for HCVAb, 22183 (6.8%) were positive. In multivariate analysis, risk factors identified as statistically associated with HCVAb positivity include history of traditional operation or scarification (OR=1.091, 95% CI: 1.049-1.135), presence of viral hepatitis in the family (OR=1.268, 95% CI: 1.151-1.397), widowed or separated/divorced (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.257-1.471), South province (OR=1.978, 95% CI: 1.884-2.077) and age 65 years old and over (OR=4.857, 95% CI: 4.617-5.110). Ubudehe category 3 (OR=0.966, 95% CI: 0.927-1.008) and participants using RAMA insurance (OR=0.775, 95% CI: 0.704-0.854) had lower odds of HCV seropositivity. Conclusions Our findings provide important information for Rwanda’s strategy on prevention and case-finding. Future prevention interventions will aim to reduce transmission through targeted messaging around traditional healing practices and future case-finding will target individuals with a history of exposure or of older age.

Long-Term Monitoring of Patients with Hematological Malignancies and Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus Infections

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 3976-3976
Author(s):  
Tatyana Garmaeva ◽  
Sergei Kulikov ◽  
Elena Michailova ◽  
Andrey Sudarikov ◽  
Felix Filatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Life Duration ◽  
Survival Risk

Abstract INTRODUCTION. Patients (pts) with hematological malignancies are at high risk of infection by Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) due to multiple transfusions and the large number of invasive procedures. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presentation rate of clinical hepatitis, pt survival and how hepatitis infection influenced survival. RESULTS. The study group was comprised of all pts admitted to the hematology department from Feb 2004 to June 2006. The pts were followed until June 2008. All pts were monitored by testing of HBsAg, anti-HCV, DNA-HBV, RNA-HCV, HBeAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HBe approximately every 3 weeks. Liver biopsy was performed on 64 pts, 23 pts each with HBV and HCV immunohistology. A total of 7800 biological samples were collected for HBV and HCV testing; of these, 4000 were tested by PCR methods. Acute leukemias (AL) and aplastic anemias (AA) constituted 77% (205/265) of all pts. The median age was 38 years (range, 15 to 79), Male; 47% (n=125), female; 53% (n=140). Median transfusion load (the number of donors per pt for the study period) was 45 (range, 0 to 418). When patients new to the hematology dept were examined: HBV was detected in 15% (39/265) of new pts and HCV in 7% (19/265) of new pts respectively. We postulated that the rate of infection is extremely high in the hematology clinic. For the entire study period from Feb 2004 to Jun 2006, 51% (135/265) pts had positive markers for HBV infection, 19% (51/265) pts had positive markers for HCV, and 14% (37/265) pts had positive markers for both HBV+HCV. We have shown that up to 95% of HCV-positive pts and up to 60% of HBV-positive pts developed clinical and biochemical symptoms and signs of viral hepatitis with 3 years of initial detection of HBV and HCV markers. 154 (58%) pts survived, 111 (42%) pts died. Of these, 2 pts developed fulminant liver failure due to severe hepatitis B. The analysis of survival risk factors demonstrates that the expected life duration significantly decreases after HBV infection. For AL pts RR=1.8 (p=0,034), for AA pts RR=4.3 (p=0,022). There was no significant association between the expected life duration and HCV infection. Proportional hazard regression model with time dependent covariates (PHREG SAS) was used for the analysis. CONCLUSION. The majority of pts infected by HBV and HCV developed clinically recognizable viral hepatitis within 3 years from the first detection of viral markers. Pts with severe immunosupression often do not manifest obvious features of acute viral hepatitis. Pts with hematological malignances should be monitored regularly (at least once in a month) for HBV and HCV markers during all period of treatment and for 1–2 years after completion of therapy. Viral hepatitis B is a risk factor associated with survival risk factor for AL and AA pts.

scholarly journals Viral hepatitis C and B among dialysis patients at the Rabat University Hospital: Prevalence and risk factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zineb Lioussfi ◽  
Zineb Errami ◽  
Aicha Radoui ◽  
Hakima Rhou ◽  
Fatima Ezzaitouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C

scholarly journals Serological, epidemiological and molecular aspects of hepatitis C virus infection in a population from Londrina, PR, Brazil, 2001-2002

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingridt Hildegard Vogler ◽  
Anna Nishiya ◽  
Helena Kaminami Morimoto ◽  
Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche ◽  
André Luiz Bortoliero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Molecular Aspects

Serological, epidemiological and molecular aspects of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were evaluated in 183 subjects from Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, and adjacent areas. Serum samples which tested anti-HCV positive by microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) obtained from eight patients with chronic hepatitis C, 48 blood donors, and 127 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were submitted to another enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). About 78.7% of samples were also reactive by ELISA, with the greater proportion (70.8%) of discordant results verified among blood donors. A similar finding was observed for HCV-RNA detection by PCR, with 111/165 (67.3%) positive samples, with higher rates among HIV-positive subjects and patients with chronic hepatitis than among blood donors. Sixty-one PCR-positive samples were submitted to HCV genotyping, with 77.1, 21.3 and 1.6% of the samples identified as types 1, 3 and 2, respectively. Finally, analysis of some risk factors associated with HCV infection showed that intravenous drug use was the most common risk factor among HIV/HCV co-infected patients, while blood transfusion was the most important risk factor in the group without HIV infection. The present study contributed to the knowledge regarding risk factors associated with HCV infection and the distribution of HCV genotypes in the population evaluated.

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