scholarly journals The use of mucilage extracted from Opuntia ficus indica as microencapsulating shell

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
Hanedi Elhleli ◽  
Faten Mannai ◽  
Ramzi Khiari ◽  
Younes Moussaoui
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Uronic Acid ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
Cactus Mucilage

This study aimed to investigate the micro-formulation of capsules, using natural biopolymers such as cactus mucilage (CM), carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMCNa) and chitosan (Chi) as a wall material, for the transport and supply of sunflower oil. CM samples were extracted from Opuntia ficus indica (OFI) by precipitation at different supernatant pH values (2, 4, and 12). The extracted natural polysaccharide and the resulting microcapsules were characterized by different experimental techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of the CM showed the presence of uronic acid units and sugars. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that most particles were adhered together, causing the formation of compact, linked agglomerates, which resulted in different microstructures with irregular shapes. All oil-core microcapsules were characterised, and the results showed that the different shell materials could be used to microencapsulate sunflower oil. Among them, the microcapsule crosslinked with the CM and Chi was the most suitable, with the highest encapsulation efficiency (95 %). This coacervation led to the narrowest size distribution of capsules, with diameters ranging from 1 to 5 ?m. Optical microscopy confirmed the deposition of coacervate droplets around oil drops and clearly showed that the formation of coacervated particles and their deposition onto oil droplets were successive events.

scholarly journals Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of Softgels Cross-Linked with Cactus Mucilage Extracted from Cladodes of Opuntia Ficus-Indica

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis R. Camelo Caballero ◽  
Andrea Wilches-Torres ◽  
Agobardo Cárdenas-Chaparro ◽  
Jovanny A. Gómez Castaño ◽  
María Carolina Otálora
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Prepared Composite ◽  
Cactus Mucilage ◽  
Composite Samples ◽  
Vibrational Characterization

A new crosslinking formulation using gelatin (G) and cactus mucilage (CM) biopolymers was developed, physicochemically characterized and proposed as an alternative wall material to traditional gelatin capsules (softgels). The effect of G concentration at different G/CM ratios (3:1, 1:1 and 1:3) was analyzed. Transparency, moisture content (MC), solubility in water (SW), morphology (scanning electron microscopy, SEM), vibrational characterization (Fourier transform infrared, FTIR), color parameters (CIELab) and thermal (differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetric analysis, DSC/TGA) properties of the prepared composite (CMC) capsules were estimated and compared with control (CC) capsules containing only G and glycerol. In addition, the dietary fiber (DF) content was also evaluated. Our results showed that the transparency of composite samples decreased gradually with the presence of CM, the G/CM ratio of 3:1 being suitable to form the softgels. The addition of CM decreased the MC, the SW and the lightness of the capsules. Furthermore, the presence of polysaccharide had significant effects on the morphology and thermal behavior of CMC in contrast to CC. FTIR spectra confirmed the CMC formation by crosslinking between CM and G biopolymers. The addition of CM to the softgels formulation influenced the DF content. Our findings support the feasibility of developing softgels using a formulation of CM and G as wall material with nutritional properties.

Preparation, study and characterization of complex coacervates formed between gelatin and cactus mucilage extracted from cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica

LWT ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 108234 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Carolina Otálora ◽  
Jovanny A. Gómez Castaño ◽  
Andrea Wilches-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Cactus Mucilage

scholarly journals Preparation of Chitosan/Magnetic Porous Biochar as Support for Cellulase Immobilization by Using Glutaraldehyde

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2672
Author(s):  
Haodao Mo ◽  
Jianhui Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Maximum Reaction ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Km Value ◽  
Immobilized Cellulase ◽  
Menten Constant

In this work, porous biochar was obtained from sugarcane bagasse by alkali activation and pyrolysis and then magnetized with γ-Fe2O3 by calcination. After functionalization with chitosan and activation with glutaraldehyde, the as-prepared chitosan/magnetic porous biochar served as a support to immobilize cellulase by covalent bonds. The immobilization amount of cellulase was 80.5 mg cellulase/g support at pH 5 and 25 °C for 12 h of immobilization. To determine the enzymatic properties, 1% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) (dissolved in 0.1 M buffer) was considered as a substrate for hydrolysis at different pH values (3–7) and temperatures (30–70 °C) for 30 min. The results showed that the optimum pH and temperature of the free and immobilized cellulase did not change, which were pH 4 and 60 °C, respectively. The immobilized cellulase had a relatively high activity recovery of 73.0%. However, it also exhibited a higher Michaelis–Menten constant (Km) value and a slower maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) value compared to the free enzyme. In the reusability assay, the immobilized cellulase showed initial glucose productivity of 330.9 mg glucose/g CMC and remained at 86.0% after 10 uses. In conclusion, the chitosan/magnetic porous biochar has great potential applications as a support for enzyme immobilization.

scholarly journals Chemoenzymatic synthesis of the pH responsive surfactant octyl β-D-glucopyranoside uronic acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc T. N. Ngo ◽  
Carl Grey ◽  
Patrick Adlercreutz
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Uronic Acid ◽  
Catalyst System ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Carboxyl Derivative ◽  
Ph Range

AbstractMethodology was developed to expand the range of benign alkyl glycoside surfactants to include also anionic types. This was demonstrated possible through conversion of the glycoside to its carboxyl derivative. Specifically, octyl β-D-glucopyranoside (OG) was oxidised to the corresponding uronic acid (octyl β-D-glucopyranoside uronic acid, OG-COOH) using the catalyst system T. versicolor laccase/2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (TEMPO) and oxygen from air as oxidant. The effects of oxygen supply methodology, concentrations of laccase, TEMPO and OG as well as reaction temperature were evaluated. At 10 mM substrate concentration, the substrate was almost quantitatively converted into product, and even at a substrate concentration of 60 mM, 85% conversion was reached within 24 h. The surfactant properties of OG-COOH were markedly dependent on pH. Foaming was only observed at low pH, while no foam was formed at pH values above 5.0. Thus, OG-COOH can be an attractive low-foaming surfactant, for example for cleaning applications and emulsification, in a wide pH range (pH 1.5–10.0).

scholarly journals Spray-Drying Microencapsulation of Pink Guava (Psidium guajava) Carotenoids Using Mucilage from Opuntia ficus-indica Cladodes and Aloe Vera Leaves as Encapsulating Materials

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
María Carolina Otálora ◽  
Andrea Wilches-Torres ◽  
Jovanny A. Gómez Castaño
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Spherical Type ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content

In this work, the capacity of the mucilage extracted from the cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) and aloe vera (AV) leaves as wall material in the microencapsulation of pink guava carotenoids using spray-drying was studied. The stability of the encapsulated carotenoids was quantified using UV–vis and HPLC/MS techniques. Likewise, the antioxidant activity (TEAC), color (CIELab), structural (FTIR) and microstructural (SEM and particle size) properties, as well as the total dietary content, of both types of mucilage microcapsules were determined. Our results show that the use of AV mucilage, compared to OFI mucilage, increased both the retention of β-carotene and the antioxidant capacity of the carotenoid microcapsules by around 14%, as well as the total carotenoid content (TCC) by around 26%, and also favors the formation of spherical-type particles (Ø ≅ 26 µm) without the apparent damage of a more uniform size and with an attractive red-yellow hue. This type of microcapsules is proposed as a convenient alternative means to incorporate guava carotenoids, a natural colorant with a high antioxidant capacity, and dietary fiber content in the manufacture of functional products, which is a topic of interest for the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

CRYSTALLINE XYLANS FROM STRAWS

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Uronic Acid ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Uronic Acid Content ◽  
Crystallization Procedure ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Hemicelluloses, extracted from barley, flax, oat, rye, and wheat straw holo-celluloses, were composed predominantly of anhydro-D-xylose units, with small amounts of L-arabinose and D-glucuronic acid. The hemicelluloses had degrees of polymerization ranging from 55 for oat to 185 for rye and were shown to be linear polysaccharides. Autoclaving in distilled water at 120 °C. yielded crystalline xylans from barley, rye, and wheat straw hemicelluloses. The basic structure of the hemicellulose was maintained in the crystalline xylans, which gave identical X-ray diffraction patterns and had similar, linear structures. The crystallization procedure was found to degrade the hemicellulose, removing D-xylose, L-arabinose, and D-glucuronic acid as components of hydrolytic fragments and leaving a pure xylan one sixth to one third the length of its parent hemicellulose. Depending on uronic acid content, the five hemicelluloses in water gave pH values ranging from 2–5 with consequent variations in resistance to hydrolysis during autoclaving

Preparation and Repeated Repairability Evaluation of Sunflower Oil-Type Microencapsulated Filling Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1554-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyong Tan ◽  
Jiupeng Zhang ◽  
Dong Guo ◽  
Guoqing Sun ◽  
Yingying Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Oil Type

Cracks are the main challenges for asphalt pavement, which should be timely repaired. One of the most commonly used repairing methods is to fill the binding materials into cracks, but the repeated repairing ability is insufficient. The self-healing microcapsule technologies provide the potentials for enhancing the repeated repairing ability of filling materials. Therefore, the microcapsule core material was selected from sunflower oil in this study, and the capsular wall material was selected from melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin, which was used to prepare the microcapsule by using in-situ polymerization method. Three kinds of microcapsules with different particle sizes were prepared by adjusting the emulsifier dosage and core wall ratio. The microstructure, molecular structure, thermal stability, and dispersion features were further studied, and the effects of microcapsules with different particle sizes on the repeated repairability of the filling materials were evaluated via the fatiguerepair-fatigue test. In addition, the traditional regenerative microcapsules were compared to determine the optimal particle size range for sunflower oil microcapsules. According to the experimental research, it was thus concluded that the emulsion droplet size distribution was most concentrated when the emulsifier content was 0.7%; and when the core-wall ratio was 1.3:1, the microcapsules had uniform particle size and good dispersion effect. When the microcapsule emulsification rate was 900 rpm and microcapsule content was 2%, then the repeated repair effect for the microcapsule crack filling materials was optimal. The sunflower oil type microcapsule therefore meets the filling temperature requirement for the filler.

scholarly journals Effect of Chitosan/BSA Addition on the Physical Stability of Sunflower Oil Emulsions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyan Zhou ◽  
Guo Li ◽  
Jianying Huang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Oil Emulsions

Proteins and polysaccharides are important ingredients and additives in food field. The aim of this study was to study the effect of chitosan and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution on the physical stability of sunflower oil emulsions at different pH values, temperatures, and BSA/chitosan ratios during 20-day storage in terms of their storage stability, zeta potential, particle size, and microstructure. The results showed that pH, protein/polysaccharide ratio, and temperature significantly influenced the physical stability of emulsions at lower pH. The emulsion stability decreased as the test temperatures increased, and the storage stability of BSA/chitosan coated oil emulsions was obtained when the ratio was from 8 : 1 to 1 : 1 under 4°C for 20-day storage when pH values were 3.0 and 4.0. Droplet flocculation happened with the increase of chitosan addition and pH value.

scholarly journals Carcass and meat quality of lambs fed with sunflower seed or oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e682997667
Author(s):  
Marta Juliane Gasparini ◽  
Simone Fernanda Nedel Pertile ◽  
Rafaela Machado dos Santos ◽  
José Victor Pronievicz Barreto ◽  
Marilice Zundt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
High Level

The objective of this study was to compare the use of sunflower seeds and oil as a fat source in the diets of finishing lambs. Twelve crossbred Santa Inês × Dorper lambs, with an average initial weight of 22.10 ± 3.82 kg were housed in individual pens and divided into two treatments: diets with sunflower seeds or oil. The total diet of both groups contained 33% roughage (tifton grass hay 85) and 67% concentrate. The proportion of sunflower oil and seeds in the total dry matter of the diets was 1.83% and 5.51%, respectively for the treatments oil and seed. The experimental period lasted for 75 days. The animals were slaughtered when they reached an average live weight of 35 kg. The carcass and meat variables were not different between the treatments studied. The presence of oil or sunflower seeds in the diets, both with a high level of concentrate (67%), did not influence the pH values of the meat, with average values of 5.8 and 5.6, respectively. The use of 5.5% sunflower seed, or 1.8% sunflower oil, as fat sources in diets of crossbred Santa Inês X Dorper lambs in finishing, were effective to obtain quality meat and carcasses.

scholarly journals Polysaccharide Based Polymers Produced by Scabby Cankered Cactus Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) Infected by Neofusicoccum batangarum: Composition, Structure, and Chemico-Physical Properties

Biomolecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Gabriella Santagata ◽  
Alessio Cimmino ◽  
Giovanni Dal Poggetto ◽  
Domenico Zannini ◽  
Marco Masi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Uronic Acid ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽  
Hplc Profile ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Tlc Analysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Neofusiccocum batangarum is the causal agent of scabby canker of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.). The symptoms of this disease are characterized by crusty, perennial cankers, with a leathery, brown halo. Characteristically, a viscous polysaccharide exudate, caking on contact with air, leaks from cankers and forms strips or cerebriform masses on the surface of cactus pear cladodes. When this polysaccharide mass was partial purified, surprisingly, generated a gel. The TLC analysis and the HPLC profile of methyl 2-(polyhydroxyalkyl)-3-(o-tolylthiocarbomoyl)-thiazolidine-4R-carboxylates obtained from the mixture of monosaccharides produced by acid hydrolysis of the three EPSs examined in this research work [the polysaccharide component of the exudate (EPSC) and the EPSs extracted from asymptomatic (EPSH) and symptomatic (EPSD) cladodes] showed the presence of d-galactose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose in a 1:1:0.5 ratio in EPSC while d-galactose, l-rhamnose, d-glucose, and d-xylose at the same ratio were observed in EPSH and EPSD. The presence of uronic acid residues in EPSC was also showed by solid state NMR and IR investigation. Furthermore, this manuscript reports the chemical-physical characterization of the gel produced by the infected cactus pear.

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