scholarly journals Hydrogen storage in complex metal hydrides

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borislav Bogdanovic ◽  
Michael Felderhoff ◽  
Guido Streukens
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Materials ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Complex Metal

Complex metal hydrides such as sodium aluminohydride (NaAlH4) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) are solid-state hydrogen-storage materials with high hydrogen capacities. They can be used in combination with fuel cells as a hydrogen source thus enabling longer operation times compared with classical metal hydrides. The most important point for a wide application of these materials is the reversibility under moderate technical conditions. At present, only NaAlH4 has favorable thermodynamic properties and can be employed as a thermally reversible means of hydrogen storage. By contrast, NaBH4 is a typical non-reversible complex metal hydride; it reacts with water to produce hydrogen.

scholarly journals A Review of the MSCA ITN ECOSTORE—Novel Complex Metal Hydrides for Efficient and Compact Storage of Renewable Energy as Hydrogen and Electricity

Inorganics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efi Hadjixenophontos ◽  
Erika Michela Dematteis ◽  
Nicola Berti ◽  
Anna Roza Wołczyk ◽  
Priscilla Huen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
System Level ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Materials ◽  
Storage Materials ◽  
Complex Metal ◽  
Solid State Batteries ◽  
All Solid State Batteries

Hydrogen as an energy carrier is very versatile in energy storage applications. Developments in novel, sustainable technologies towards a CO2-free society are needed and the exploration of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) as well as solid-state hydrogen storage applications based on metal hydrides can provide solutions for such technologies. However, there are still many technical challenges for both hydrogen storage material and ASSBs related to designing low-cost materials with low-environmental impact. The current materials considered for all-solid-state batteries should have high conductivities for Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, while Al3+-based compounds are often marginalised due to the lack of suitable electrode and electrolyte materials. In hydrogen storage materials, the sluggish kinetic behaviour of solid-state hydride materials is one of the key constraints that limit their practical uses. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the kinetic issues of hydride materials before discussing and considering them on the system level. This review summarizes the achievements of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) innovative training network (ITN) ECOSTORE, the aim of which was the investigation of different aspects of (complex) metal hydride materials. Advances in battery and hydrogen storage materials for the efficient and compact storage of renewable energy production are discussed.

scholarly journals A prospect for LiBH4 as on-board hydrogen storage

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Saldan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Capacity ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Lithium Borohydride ◽  
Kinetics Studies ◽  
Thermodynamics And Kinetics

AbstractIn contrast to the traditional metal hydrides, in which hydrogen storage involves the reversible hydrogen entering/exiting of the host hydride lattice, LiBH4 releases hydrogen via decomposition that produces segregated LiH and amorphous B phases. This is obviously the reason why lithium borohydride applications in fuel cells so far meet only one requirement — high hydrogen storage capacity. Nevertheless, its thermodynamics and kinetics studies are very active today and efficient ways to meet fuel cell requirements might be done through lowering the temperature for hydrogenation/dehydrogenation and suitable catalyst. Some improvements are expected to enable LiBH4 to be used in on-board hydrogen storage.

scholarly journals Solid State NMR Characterization of Complex Metal Hydrides systems for Hydrogen Storage Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement A) ◽  
pp. A159-A162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Son-Jong Hwang ◽  
Robert C. Bowman, Jr. ◽  
Chul Kim ◽  
Jason A. Zan ◽  
Joseph W. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Complex Metal ◽  
Nmr Characterization

Zr-Catalyzed Hydrogen Chemisorptions on an Al Surface

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1096-1099
Author(s):  
Wen Xue Zhang ◽  
Xin Hu ◽  
Xiao Bin Lin ◽  
Cheng He
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Metallic Phase ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Materials ◽  
Storage Materials ◽  
Complex Metal ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Insight Into

The most promising hydrogen storage materials are perhaps complex metal hydrides. Thus, a plausible first step in the rehydrogenation mechanism is proposed by simulating the reversible hydrogen storage in Zr-doped NaAlH4. It provides insight into the catalytic role of Zr atoms on an Al surface in the chemisorptions of molecular hydrogen. It is found that the diffusion of hydride species on Al-metallic phase and formation of Al hydride species is probably the key to syntheses the next products in the rehydrogenation reaction.

Thermal Management Analysis of On-Board High-Pressure Metal Hydride Systems

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zheng ◽  
Varsha Velagapudi ◽  
Timothee Pourpoint ◽  
Timothy S. Fisher ◽  
Issam Mudawar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Hydrogen Release ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
High Hydrogen

Reversible metal hydrides are ideal vehicular hydrogen storage materials for the realization of on-board filling. Systems utilizing metal hydrides with high hydrogen release pressure (> 3 bar at -30 °C) can provide excellent cold-start capability. Although the required hydrogen filling pressure will also be high accordingly (> 100 bar), high-pressure (HP) metal hydride (MH) systems can store 20% to 50% more hydrogen in the void space between hydride particles in addition to the hydrogen absorbed by the metal alloys. To maintain a sufficiently high hydriding driving force during filling, it is very important to keep the MH temperature below a desirable level (85 °C). This issue becomes more important when the systems operate at high pressures, because the stress limits of materials for the container and other components decrease with increasing temperature. Efficient thermal management is needed to dissipate the large amount of heat produced during the initial rapid compression process (< 20 seconds) and the subsequent fast hydriding process (< 5 minutes). In this paper, thermal management design and analysis of a bench-scale rectangular-shaped HPMH module is reported. This module is approximately 1/70 of a vehicle-scale hydrogen storage tank. The modular approach provides flexibility to apply the knowledge obtained in this study to vehicle-scale designs. A typical AB2 HPMH is used as the hydrogen storage material. During the hydrogen filling process, the time-averaged volumetric heat release rate is approximately 3 MW/m3. Inner coolant passages are adopted to remove the heat. Through a scaling analysis of the energy conservation equation, the results indicate that thermal conduction in the metal hydride bed and convection in the coolant passages are both important factors. For the test module under development, finned tubes in conjunction with two-phase convection have been designed to meet the cooling requirements. Fin designs (material, thickness and spacing) have been evaluated using 3D numerical analysis. The knowledge learned from theoretical and numerical analyses is used to guide the construction of the HPME module, and hydrogen filling tests will be conducted soon.

scholarly journals Light Weight Complex Metal Hydrides for Reversible Hydrogen Storage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sesha Srinivasan ◽  
Luis Rivera ◽  
Diego Escobar ◽  
Elias Stefanakos
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Metal Hydrides ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Complex Metal ◽  
Complex Hydrides ◽  
Microstructural Surface ◽  
New Phase

We have investigated the complex metal hydrides involving light weight elements or compounds for the reversible hydrogen storage. The complex hydrides are prepared via an inexpensive solid state mechanochemical process under reactive atmosphere at ambient temperatures. The complex metal hydride, LiBH4 with different mole concentrations of ZnCl2 were characterized for the new phase formation and hydrogen decomposition characteristics of Zn(BH4)2. Furthermore, the complex metal hydride is destabilized using the addition of nano MgH2 for the reversible hydrogen storage characteristics. The structural, microstructural, surface, and other physicochemical behaviors of these lightweight complex metal hydrides have been studied via various metrological tools such as x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal programed desorption, and PCT hydrogen absorption methods.

scholarly journals Metal hydride hydrogen storage and purification technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2039 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
D V Blinov ◽  
V I Borzenko ◽  
A V Bezdudny ◽  
A N Kazakov
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Recovery ◽  
Hydride Hydrogen ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract The results of the development of metal hydride (MH) reactors for the storage and purification of hydrogen of various types are presented. Two methods of metal hydride purification of hydrogen are presented. The use of the MH method of flow-through purification of hydrogen has high hydrogen recovery rates at high volume contents of hydrogen in the mixture (⩾10% vol.), while the method of periodic evacuation of accumulated impurities is most effective at low hydrogen contents in the mixture (<10% vol.).

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