scholarly journals Chemical composition and biological activity of the acetone extract of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. pollen

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1039-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Solujic ◽  
Slobodan Sukdolak ◽  
Nenad Vukovic ◽  
Neda Niciforovic ◽  
Snezana Stanic
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

In this study, the chemical components, antimicrobial and genotoxic biological activities of the acetone extract of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. pollen were examined. Two lactones were identified: ambrosin and artesovin. The antimicrobial activity of the acetone extract of A. artemisiifolia L. pollen was examined on ten different bacterial species using the disc diffusion method and the microdilution method in Mueller-Hinton broth dilution. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the acetone extract of A. artemisiifolia pollen varied between 1.25-6.50 mg mL-1. The genotoxic effect of the acetone extract of A. artemisiifolia pollen on a eukaryotic model system Drosophila melanogaster was investigated using the SLRL test.

Chemical components and biological activities of two freshwater green algae from Ordu, Turkey / Türkiye’nin Ordu ilinden iki tatlı su yeşil alglerinin kimyasal bileşenleri ve biyolojik aktiviteleri

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beyhan Taş ◽  
Ömer Ertürk ◽  
Özlem Yılmaz ◽  
Melek Çol Ayvaz ◽  
Emine Yurdakul Ertürk
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Diethyl Ester ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Green Algal

AbstractObjective: Scientists are looking for new resources which have biological activities. The present study was planned to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of ethanol and acetone extracts, as well as the volatile compounds of two freshwater green algal species Spirogyra spp. and Zygnema stellinum (Vaucher) C. Agardh belonging to Zygnemaphyceae (Conjugatophyceae) obtained from Ordu University Campus wetlands.Methods: The extracts were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial effects using disc diffusion method. Total phenolic content and the antioxidative activity according to FRAP and DPPH methods of the extracts were also determined. The secondary metabolites from the investigated extracts were identified using GC-MS.Results: The extracts dramatically inhibited almost all tested microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of the acetone extract of the Zygnema against C. albicans was found as more higher than positive control Nystatin. In accordance with antimicrobial activity, the highest total phenolic content was also determined in the presence of the acetone extract of the Zygnema. Furthermore the highest FRAP value and the lowest EC50 (mg/mL) value were calculated for the same extract. The main components of the all consisted of dimethyl and diethyl ester of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid. However, the abundance of these metabolites in the extracts was not associated with antimicrobial or antioxidant activity. Biological activities of these algal species could be attributed to chemicals such as 1-Pentadecene and 1-Tetradecene which were present in smaller amounts.Conclusion: Investigated algal species can be evaluated to use in biotechnological applications such as food industry and medicine.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Assessment of the Antibacterial Activity of Some New Aminopyridine, Pyrrolidine, Piperidine and Morpholine Acetamides

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Abdulmajeed S. H. Alsamarrai ◽  
Saba S. Abdulghani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

A series of new acetamide derivatives 22–28 of primary and secondary amines and para-toluene sulphinate sodium salt have been synthesized under microwave irradiation and assessed in vitro for their antibacterial activity against one Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacterial species such as S. pyogenes, E. coli, and P. mirabilis using the Mueller-Hinton Agar diffusion (well diffusion) method. The synthesized compounds with significant differences in inhibition diameters and MICs were compared with those of amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephalothin, azithromycin and doxycycline. All of the evaluated acetamide derivatives were used with varying inhibition concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 37.5, 62.5, 87.5, 112.5 and 125 µg/mL. The results show that the most important antibacterial properties were displayed by the synthetic compounds 22 and 24, both of bear a para-chlorophenyl moiety incorporated into the 2-position moiety of acetamide 1. The molecular structures of the new compounds were determined using the FT-IR and 1H-NMR techniques.

scholarly journals Melanin: Production from Cheese Bacteria, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10562
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Ferraz ◽  
Rita Pacheco ◽  
Pedro D. Vaz ◽  
Cristina S. Pintado ◽  
Lia Ascensão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
Brown Pigment ◽  
Melanin Production ◽  
Caco2 Cell ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

Pigments are compounds of importance to several industries, for instance, the food industry, where they can be used as additives, color intensifiers, and antioxidants. As the current trend around the world is shifting to the use of eco-friendly commodities, demand for natural dyes is increasing. Melanins are pigments that are produced by several microorganisms. Pseudomonas putida ESACB 191, isolated from goat cheese rind, was described as a brown pigment producer. This strain produces a brown pigment via the synthetic Müeller-Hinton Broth. This brown compound was extracted, purified, analyzed by FTIR and mass spectrometry, and identified as eumelanin. The maximum productivity was 1.57 mg/L/h. The bioactivity of eumelanin was evaluated as the capacity for scavenging free radicals (antioxidant activity), EC50 74.0 ± 0.2 μg/mL, and as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, with IC50 575 ± 4 μg/mL. This bacterial eumelanin did not show cytotoxicity towards A375, HeLa Kyoto, HepG2, or Caco2 cell lines. The effect of melanin on cholesterol absorption and drug interaction was evaluated in order to understand the interaction of melanin present in the cheese rind when ingested by consumers. However, it had no effect either on cholesterol absorption through an intestinal simulated barrier formed by the Caco2 cell line or with the drug ezetimibe.

scholarly journals Microwave-assisted Synthesis, Structural Characterization of Amino Pyridines, Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, Morpholine, Acetamides, and Assessment of Their Antibacterial Activity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmajeed Alsamarrai ◽  
Saba Abdulghani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
New Compounds

A sequence of new acetamide derivatives 9-15 of primary, secondary amine, and para-toluene sulphinate sodium salt have been synthesized under microwave irradiation and assessed in vitro for their antibacterial activity against one Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacterial species such as S. pyogenes, E. coli, and P.mirabilis using the Mueller-Hinton Agar diffusion (well diffusion) method. The synthesized compounds with significant differences in inhibition diameters and MICs were compared with those of amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephalothin, azithromycin and doxycycline. All of the evaluated acetamide derivatives were used with varying inhibition concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 37.5, 62.5, 87.5, 112.5 and 125 µg/ml. The results show that the most important antibacterial properties exercised by the synthetic compounds 9 and 11 bearing para-chlorophenyl moiety incorporated into the 2-position moiety of acetamide 2. The molecular structures of the new compounds were determined using FT-IR, 1H-NMR techniques.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF HERBAL AND CHEMICAL NEONATAL EYE DROPS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Nitika Thakur ◽  
Jyoti Kumari ◽  
Monu Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Broth Dilution

Objective: The present study focuses on exploring the antimicrobial potential of chemical (Tobastar and natamycin) and herbal eye drops (Itone) which are specifically preferred against neonatal eye infections.Methods: Well diffusion method (for testing the antimicrobial potential of selected eye drops against different bacterial and fungal strains), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (broth dilution method) for detecting the MIC effective against various strains taken into consideration.Results: The results indicated that Itone and Tobastar are effective against bacterial strains, thus highlighting the importance of these two eye drops against bacterial infections, whereas natamycin is effective against fungal infection.Conclusion: It may be concluded that the herbal eye drop (Itone) and the chemical eye drop (Tobastar) are effective against bacterial infections. The components such as neem, tulsi, kapur, and honey in herbal composition possess good antibacterial activity confirming the great potential of bioactive compounds and are useful for the growth inhibition of the carcinogenic bacterium. The alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins are based on antibiotic principles and are actually the defensive mechanisms of the plant against pathogens and chemical eye drop, that is, natamycin is effective against fungal infections, which may be due to the presence of polyene antifungal agent which works against fungal infections. There is a need to optimize the blending of the different herbal and chemical components to form a single effective antimicrobial formulation (more of herbal component and less chemical components) against neonatal infections.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ACTIVITIES OF ANTI BACILLARY DYSENTRY SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE OF SYZYGIUM POLYANTHUM AND DRACAENA ANGUSTIFOLIA LEAVES ETHANOL EXTRACTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sri Agung Fitri ◽  
Danni Ramdhani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of bay (Syzygium polyanthum W.) and suji (Dracaena angustifoliaRoxb.) leaves against Shigella dysenteriae and the amount of potassium to the discovery of anti-dysentery drug candidates.Methods: Testing activities and comparative value activities performed by the agar diffusion method, whereas the determination of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was done with the subculture media incubation test followed with microdilution method on Mueller Hinton Agar medium sterile. Potassium levels of the extract were carried out quantitatively using atomic absorption spectrophotometry.Results: The test results showed that the ethanol extract of both leaves had antibacterial activity against S. dysenteriae with MBC values were in the range of 10-20% w/v. Value comparative effectiveness suji leaf ethanol extract to the bay leaf was 1:0.4. Potassium levels ethanol extract of bay and suji leaves were 1.027% and 3.795%, respectively.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of bay and suji leaves has antibacterial activity against bacteria S. dysenteriae ATCC 13313. Rated comparative activity of the ethanol extract of the suji leaves with bay leaves ethanol extract was 1:0.4 which means to generating resistor diameter equal to 1 part suji leaf ethanol extract equivalent to 0.4 parts of the ethanol extract of bay leaves. The minimum kill concentration ethanol extract of bay and suji leaves ethanol extract was in the range of 10-20% w/v. Both bay and suji leaves have potential as a supplier of potassium in patients with hypokalemia dysentery.Keywords: Bay leaves, Suji leaves, Shigella dysenteriae, Potassium, Atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 

Distillation time effecting on the composition of Origanum floribundum essential oils and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Kerbouche ◽  
Mohamed Hazzit ◽  
Aoumeur Baaliouamer ◽  
Soraya Akretche
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Tbars Assay

AbstractThe essential oils (EOs) of Origanum floribundum Munby, an aromatic and medicinal plant endemic in Algeria, were extracted by different hydrodistillation times (30 min, 1, 2 and 3 h) and analyzed by GC and GC–MS. The chromatographic analysis showed that thymol (32.7–45.0%), p-cymene (16.8–23.1%) and γ-terpinene (21.6–28.7%) were the most prominent components of the oils. The antioxidant ability was measured using the reductive potential, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay and the inhibition of free radicals DPPH● and ABTS●+. Antibacterial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion method against three bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and one fungus (Candida albicans). Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using a microdilution method. Thymol is one of the compounds of EOs, which are widely reported as very biologically active. Although the oil isolated for 30 min was the less-thymol rich, it was the most active with all the antioxidant tests. In the most cases, the antimicrobial activity showed the best results with oils isolated for 30 min and 3 h (MIC = 0.25–1.75 μL/mL). These results suggest that it might be possible to isolate the EO from this plant for a minimum distillation time to obtain oil that can give maximum biological activities.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of the Siderophore Cephalosporin, Cefiderocol, against Carbapenem-Nonsusceptible and Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Gram-Negative Bacilli Collected Worldwide in 2014 to 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith A. Hackel ◽  
Masakatsu Tsuji ◽  
Yoshinori Yamano ◽  
Roger Echols ◽  
James A. Karlowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Mueller Hinton Broth

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of the investigational siderophore cephalosporin, cefiderocol (formerly S-649266), was determined against a 2014–2016, 52-country, worldwide collection of clinical isolates of carbapenem-nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae (n = 1,022), multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 368), MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 262), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 217), and Burkholderia cepacia (n = 4) using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standard broth microdilution method. Iron-depleted cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (ID-CAMHB), prepared according to a recently approved (2017), but not yet published, CLSI protocol, was used to test cefiderocol; all other antimicrobial agents were tested using CAMHB. The concentration of cefiderocol inhibiting 90% (MIC90) of isolates of carbapenem-nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae was 4 μg/ml; cefiderocol MICs ranged from 0.004 to 32 μg/ml, and 97.0% (991/1,022) of isolates demonstrated cefiderocol MICs of ≤4 μg/ml. The MIC90s for cefiderocol for MDR A. baumannii, MDR P. aeruginosa, and S. maltophilia were 8, 1, and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively, with 89.7% (330/368), 99.2% (260/262), and 100% (217/217) of isolates demonstrating cefiderocol MICs of ≤4 μg/ml. Cefiderocol MICs for B. cepacia ranged from 0.004 to 8 μg/ml. We conclude that cefiderocol demonstrated potent in vitro activity against a 2014–2016, worldwide collection of clinical isolates of carbapenem-nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae, MDR A. baumannii, MDR P. aeruginosa, S. maltophilia, and B. cepacia isolates as 96.2% of all (1,801/1,873) isolates tested had cefiderocol MICs of ≤4 μg/ml.

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