scholarly journals Residues of atrazine in agricultural areas of Serbia

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 887-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gasic ◽  
M. Budimir ◽  
Dragica Brkic ◽  
N. Neskovic
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

In this paper the results of a five-year investigation of the pollution of soil, as well as of surface and groundwater by atrazine are reported. The soil samples were collected from different localities, from the tillage level, at two depths (0?15 and 15?30 cm) during the period September-November from 1995 to 1999. The surface and groundwater samples were taken from the same localities during the same period. The residues were detected by the ELISA test. The results showed that almost all the analysed soil samples contained residues of atrazine. These quantities varied from 0.02 to 0.10 mg/kg (0?15 cm), and up to 0.05 mg/kg (15?30 cm) depending on the locality, soil type and the year of investigation. Concerning the residues in the surface and groundwater, it was found that most of the analysed samples contained atrazine residues. In the case of the surface water, the quantity of the residues ranged from 1.0 to 4.13 ?g/L whille the ground water contained up to 0.3 ?g/L depending on the locality and the year of investigation.

ASSESSMENT OF RADON AND THORON EXHALATION FROM SOILS AND DISSOLVED RADON IN GROUND WATER IN THE VICINITY OF ELEVATED GRANITIC HILL, CHIKKABALLAPUR DISTRICT, KARNATAKA, INDIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
C G Poojitha ◽  
B K Sahoo ◽  
K E Ganesh ◽  
T S Pranesha ◽  
B K Sapra
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Gamma Dose Rate ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Activity Measurements

Abstract In this paper, we intend to evaluate the rate of radon and thoron exhalation from soil with reference to the underlying bedrock and gamma dose rate in the environment of elevated granitic hill—Nandi hills of Karnataka. The measurement of exhalation rates for all the soil samples collected from study area was carried out using a continuous radon–thoron monitor (Smart RnDuo monitor). The surface exhalation rate of thoron from soil samples were found to vary from 4160 ± 326 to 21 822 ± 634 mBq m−2 s−1. The mass exhalation rate of radon from soil samples were found to vary from 76 ± 6 to 269 ± 19 mBq kg−1 h−1. Concentrations of radon activity measurements were carried out for all the groundwater samples from study area. A detailed analysis along with physicochemical parameters of water has been made and discussed in this research paper.

scholarly journals Effects of surface gold mining on surface and groundwater bodies in Bibiani, Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
F. N. Gyawu-Asante ◽  
S. Aikins ◽  
R. B. Voegborlo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Dug Wells

A study of the water sources from Bibiani and its environs was conducted between November, 2009 and April, 2010 to determine whether contamination (of water sources) from (these parameters) physical, chemical and trace metal in Bibiani is as a result of mining or geochemicaland biochemical processes within the environment. This was done by collecting water samples from two streams, two rivers, three boreholes (BHs) and three hand dug wells (HDWs). These were analysed in the laboratory. Levels of Arsenic (As), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), pH, TotalDissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Temperature, Alkalinity, Hardness, Phosphate (P) and Cyanide (CN) in water sources were determined. Mining related contaminants detected in water samples were As, CN, Mn and Fe. It was observed that surface water pH values were generally higher than that of groundwater samples. As concentrations in surface water samples were higher compared to that of groundwater samples. Also, CN concentration in ground water samples was higher than that of surface water. Ground water contained higher concentration of Mn than surface water; the opposite can be said of Fe concentration in surfacewater which was higher than that of ground water. The study also observed that pH, TDS, EC, total alkalinity, total hardness , Arsenic and total cyanide levels in the HDW and BH samples showed 100% compliance with the WHO and EPA limits while Mn and Fe levels indicated traces of non – compliance. Compared to WHO / EPA guidelines, few water sources had one or moretrace metal (Fe, As and Mn) levels outside acceptable limits for drinking. However, most of the levels were safe for human consumption.Keywords: Surface, gold mining, quality, degradation, Bibiani

scholarly journals Influence of oxic and anoxic groundwater conditions on occurrence of selected agrochemicals

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-498
Author(s):  
Nevena Živančev ◽  
Srđan Kovačević ◽  
Marija Perović ◽  
Aleksandar Čalenić ◽  
Milan Dimkić
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
The Self ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Alluvial Groundwater ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Groundwater Source ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Abstract The occurrence and mitigation of selected pesticides and nitrates in surface and groundwater samples from two alluvions in the Republic of Serbia are investigated in this study. The influence of aquifer conditions on the degradation processes of pesticides and nitrates is considered as a potential removal mechanism of compound residues in alluvial groundwater. Nitrate concentration was analyzed in 144 groundwater samples in the Kovin-Dubovac drainage system and 63 samples at the Ključ groundwater source. The occurrence of 15 pesticides was monitored in groundwater in a total of 34 samples in the Kovin-Dubovac area and 14 samples at the Ključ groundwater source. Concentrations of selected pesticides and nitrates were monitored in eight samples from the Danube in the Kovin-Dubovac area and 15 samples from Velika Morava at the Ključ groundwater source. Both selected locations are agricultural areas. Results show that concentrations of nitrates (NO3−) are much higher in oxic groundwater conditions compared with concentrations in typical anoxic conditions. The opposite is the case for the concentration of pesticides that occurred in surface and groundwater samples. These results are very important for a better understanding of the self-purification potential of alluvial aquifers and assessment of aquifer condition influence, especially oxic or anoxic conditions, on the occurrence and mitigation of selected agrochemical residues in groundwaters.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical and Isotopic Study of Water Resources in Khan Al-Baghdadi Area, Al- Anbar Province / West of Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 204-217
Author(s):  
Sarmad Jamal Hussien ◽  
Firas Mudhafar Abdulhussein
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Euphrates River ◽  
Water Line ◽  
Meteoric Water Line ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

This hydrochemical study of the surface and groundwater in Khan AL-Baghdadi  area, western Iraq,  included the interpretation of physical, chemical, and biological properties. Water samples were collected from wells (14 samples) and surface water of Euphrates River (6 samples) for the dry and wet periods of October 2018 and April 2019, respectively. The stable isotopes analysis was performed for the dry period only. The surface water samples were characterized by slightly alkaline, fresh, excessively mineralized, Ca-chloride type, and hard to very hard water class. While the groundwater samples were characterized by slightly alkaline, brackish, excessively mineralized, Ca-chloride and Na-Chloride type, and hard to very hard water class. The stable isotopic analysis was used in studying the interaction between water resources of Euphrates River and groundwater. Stable isotopes (δD and δ18O) were used to study the hydrological aspects of water resources in the study area. The results showed that surface and groundwater samples have similar source with a correlation relationship between them, in addition to the clear effect of river recharge on groundwater. The variation in δ2H and δ18O signature of groundwater in the study area is caused mainly by variation in isotopic composition of recharge water zone and mixing water. Using the δ 2H and δ 18O diagram, all surface and groundwater samples were plotted below the global meteoric water line (GMWL) and Local Meteoric Water line (LMWL), indicating the influences of the evaporation processes and seasonal variation.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF HYDROCHEMICAL QUALITY OF GROUND WATER UNDER SOME URBAN AREAS WITHIN SANA’A SECRETERIAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadie S.T AL- Ariqi ◽  
Abduljalil A.D.S Ghaleb
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Base Exchange ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Almost All

Groundwater from nine wells of three different districts, located at Sana’a  secretariat was analyzed for hydrochemical quality assessment. Measurements of water quality parameters including pH, EC, CO32-, HCO3-,Cl-,NO3-,SO4 2-,Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, K+, and Na+ were carried out . Classification of the groundwater samples according to Cl, SO4 2-, CO32- and HCO3-, hardness(H), total dissolved solids (TDS), base-exchange, and meteoric genesis was demonstrated. Suitability of ground water samples for irrigation and industrial uses according to sodium adsorption ration (SAR), ratio of dissolved sodium (RDS), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and saturation index (SI) was also investigated. The results of this study showed that almost all ground water samples were of good quality that makes them suitable for drinking and  domestic uses. Results also indicated that even though some of the ground water samples were suitable for irrigation purposes, almost all of them were found not be good for industrial uses. Despite all drawbacks of the sewerage system built around Sana’a secretariat at the beginning of the first decade of the third millennium, the results of this study indicate that there is scope of significant improvement in Sana’a secretariat ground water quality.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF RADON CONCENTRATION AND ASSOCIATED HEALTH IMPLICATIONS IN GROUND WATER AND SOIL AROUND RIRUWAI MINE SITE, KANO STATE, NIGERIA AND ITS ENVIRONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-246
Author(s):  
Umma Abdullahi ◽  
A. Asuku ◽  
A. Umar ◽  
Y. A. Ahmed ◽  
U. S. Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Alpha Index

In this study 10 soil and 11 ground water samples were randomly collected, and the 222Rn concentrations were measured using a DURRIDGE RAD7 electronic radon detector. The radon concentration in ground water ranged from 0.53 BqL-1 to 5.13 BqL-1 with a mean value 2.37 BqL-1. The results show that all the groundwater samples collected have 222Rn concentrations below the US EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 11.1 BqL–1 (for states without radon monitoring policy and enhanced indoor air programs). All the ground water samples also have 222Rn concentrations below MCL of 100 BqL–1 recommended by EU. The annual effective dose due to ingestion (Hing) of 222Rn in the groundwater ranged from 0.00386 – 0.03744 mSvyear-1 with a mean value of 0.01706 mSvyear-1. These values are within the ICRP recommended reference level of 1 mSvy–1 for the intake of the radionuclide in water by the general public for a prolonged exposure. The effective radium content, radon mass exhalation rate and alpha index of the soil samples varied from 0.574 – 1.170 Bqkg-1, 0.104 Bqkg-1d-1 – 0,212 Bqkg-1d-1 and 0.00287 – 0.00585 respectively. The alpha index suggests that none of the selected soil samples have a radon mass exhalation that could cause indoor radon concentrations exceeding 200 Bqkg-1. Therefore, it is concluded that the radon concentration in ground water and soil in the study area indicate that the ground water is safe for drinking and it is safe to use the soil as a building material.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical Evaluation of Surface and Groundwater in Khan Al-Baghdadi Area, Al- Anbar Province / West of Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 1978-1993
Author(s):  
Sarmad Jamal Hussien ◽  
Firas Mudhafar Abdulhussein
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Surface Water Samples ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

The hydrochemical study of the surface and groundwater in Khan AL-Baghdadi  area  included interpretation of physical, chemical and biological properties of 14 wells and 6  surface water samples collected from Euphrates River.. The study covered two periods representing dry and wet periods in October 2018 and April 2019, respectively. The surface water samples were characterized as slightly alkaline, fresh water, excessively mineralized, calcium-chloride type, and hard to very hard class. While the groundwater samples were characterized as slightly alkaline, brackish water, excessively mineralized, calcium-chloride and sodium-chloride type, and hard to very hard class. The assessment of water for irrigation purposes for both water sources in the dry period showed a Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) of no harmful effects, while the Soluble Sodium Percentage (Na%) demonstrated a good irrigation Water Class, except for one well with a permissible irrigation Water Class. While in the wet period, all surface and groundwater samples were of a good irrigation Water Class, except for two wells with permissible irrigation Water Class. In terms of total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC), all surface water samples for the two periods were within the permissible limits of irrigation water quality, whereas groundwater samples for the two periods showed unsuitable limits, except for three wells within the permissible limits of irrigation water quality. The microbiological tests showed that all samples  of surface and groundwater are classified as clean.

scholarly journals Isolation of animal viruses from farm livestock waste, soil and water

1978 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Derbyshire ◽  
E. G. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Porcine Enterovirus ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Farm Livestock ◽  
Calf Rearing

SummaryTen porcine enteroviruses, 2 porcine adenoviruses and 1 coronavirus were isolated directly from 32 samples ofslurry collected from a pig fattening house. Concentration of the same samples by adsorption with the polyelectrolyte PE-60 yielded 24 porcine enteroviruses and 3 porcine adenoviruses. A porcine enterovirus was isolated, following PE-60 concentration, from 1 of 6 slurry samples from a sow farrowing house. No virus was isolated from 12 samples of slurry from dairy cows nor from 6 slurry samples from a calf-rearing unit. A porcine enterovirus was isolated from soil samples, after concentration with PE-60, collected 1, 2 and 8 days after pig slurry was spread on hay stubble. Two porcine enteroviruses were isolated by membrane filtration from 26 samples of surface run-off from land on which pig slurry was routinely spread, and 2 bovine enteroviruses were isolated from cattle feedlot run-off after adsorption to layers of talc and celite followed by hydroextraction. A porcine enterovirus was also isolated from 1 of 33 samples of surface water collected on farms on which pig slurry was routinely spread on the land, but no virus was isolated from 36 samples of ground water from the same farms. The surface water and ground water samples were concentrated by talc-celite adsorption and hydroextraction.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical characteristics and environmental evaluation of surface and groundwater quality at Al-Tarmiyah Area, Baghdad, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1069-1084
Author(s):  
Mustafa Haqi Ismael ◽  
Balsam Salim Al-Tawash ◽  
Younus I. Al-Saady
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Water Classification ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Surface Water Samples ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

The present study aims to assess the water quality and the hydrochemical characteristics and seasonal variation of surface water on the aspect of trace elements in Al-Tarmiyah District, Baghdad, Iraq. Ten water samples were collected, four from surface water and six from groundwater on October 2017, and on April 2018. All samples were analyzed for physiochemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, EC, TDS,TH,TSS, major ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SO42-, Cl-, and HCO3-), and nutrients (NO3-, and PO43-). In addition, samples were analyzed for trace elements that include Fe, Al, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cu, Co, Ni, and Cd. Suitability of water for domestic uses was evaluated depending on the criteria or standards of acceptable quality for that use.      Surface water samples of October 2017 were classified as Ca-Cl and Na-Cl water type while they were classified as Na-Cl water type in April 2018. Most groundwater of both months' samples was classified as Ca-Cl and Na-Cl water types. There is only one groundwater sample (GW2) was classified as Ca-SO4-2 water type. According to water classification based on the Piper diagram, most of surface and groundwater samples for both months falling in class (e), this means that the type of water is "Earth alkaline water with increased portions of alkalis with prevailing sulfate or chloride". Suitability of water for drinking purpose is evaluated depending on the criteria or standards of acceptable quality for that use ( WHO and Iraqi Standard). All surface and groundwater samples from the studied area are not suitable for drinking purposes and within "excellent type” for livestock and poultry use. Additionally, almost all surface water samples were within Good class based on the suggested limits of EC value (Ayers and Westcot, 1985) for irrigation while most of the groundwater samples are within unsuitable class. All surface water and groundwater samples lie within low hazard class of the irrigation water based on SAR values.

scholarly journals Geochemical evaluation of soils, surface and groundwater from natural protected areas from Romania. Case studies.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Bogdan Adrian Stanescu ◽  
◽  
Adriana Cuciureanu ◽  
Gina Alina Catrina ◽  
Georgiana Cernica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Geochemical Evaluation ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Monitoring Activities ◽  
Arsenic Copper ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

The purpose of this article was to present an assessment of the soil and water quality in some protected areas from Romania in order to establish a series of geochemical thresholds on a spatial and temporal scale. The activities and results presented in this article are based on extensive monitoring, being stage results because the monitoring activities will continue, the project is ongoing. Two protected areas, Cheile Nerei -Beusnita National Park and Piatra Craiului National Park were selected. Surface water, groundwater samples, and soil samples were collected in 2019, respectively 2021 from 16 sampling sites situated in both locations. For each sample, twenty quality parameters/indicators were analyzed and the values were compared with in-force legislations. For Arsenic, Copper, and Nitrates parameters have plotted the distribution of the values in each site. In future monitoring activities, the evolution of the parameters will be followed.

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