scholarly journals A possible protective role of coenzyme Q10 on antioxidant defense system in the heart of rats treated with cadmium

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sladjan Pavlovic ◽  
Branka Ognjanovic ◽  
Andras Stajn ◽  
Radoslav Zikic ◽  
Ratko Radojicic ◽  
...  

The effect of cadmium (Cd), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and Cd+CoQ10 on the activities of superoxide dismutases (total SOD), manganese containing superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) and copper-zinc containing superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-Stransferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and concentrations of ascorbic acid (AsA) and vitamin E (Vit E) in the heart of male Wistar albino rats were studied in comparison to the controls and cadmium treated animals. Cd induces a significant increase of total SOD, Cu, Zn SOD and GSH-Px activities, as well as AsA and Vit E concentrations, but leads to a significant decrease of CAT and GR activities. CoQ10 induces a significant increase of total SOD, Mn SOD, Cu, Zn SOD and GSH-Px activities, as well as AsA and Vit E concentrations. In the same group of animals the activities of CAT, GST and GR were significantly decreased. By concomitant treatment of rats with Cd+CoQ10 the activities of total SOD, Mn SOD and GSH-Px, as well as concentrations of AsA and Vit E were markedly increased. In the same group of animals the activities of Cu, Zn SOD, CAT and GR were significantly decreased. In respect to the Cd treated rats in Cd+CoQ10 partially are reversed changes (Cu,Zn SOD) of antioxidant defense system in the heart.

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataša Popović ◽  
B. Snežana Pajović ◽  
Vesna Stojiljković ◽  
Ana Todorović ◽  
Snežana Pejić ◽  
...  

AbstractThis study examined the effects of chronic restraint stress (CRS: 2 hours × 14 days) on gene expression of three antioxidant enzymes, copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD 1), manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD 2) and catalase (CAT) in the rat hippocampus. Also, we examined changes in the activities of SOD 1, SOD 2 and CAT in the hippocampus of chronically stressed rats. Investigated parameters were quantifi ed by using real-time RT-PCR, Western blot analysis and assay of enzymatic activity. We found that CRS did not change mRNA and protein levels of SOD 1 and CAT, but increased mRNA and protein levels of SOD 2. However, CRS treatment increased the enzyme activities of SOD 1, SOD 2 and CAT. Our fi ndings indicate that the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD 1, SOD 2 and CAT) in the hippocampus may be an important adaptive phenomenon of the antioxidant defense system in chronically stressed rats.


2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka I. Ognjanović ◽  
Snežana D. Marković ◽  
Nataša Z. Ðorđević ◽  
Ivana S. Trbojević ◽  
Andraš Š. Štajn ◽  
...  

BioMetals ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusal K. Das ◽  
Amrita Das Gupta ◽  
Salim A. Dhundasi ◽  
Ashok M. Patil ◽  
Swastika N. Das ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
D. Yu. Hertsyk ◽  
◽  
M. V. Sabadashka ◽  
L. V. Kaprelyants ◽  
N. O. Sybirna ◽  
...  

Background. Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by oxidative-nitrative stress, which is caused both by an increased generation of the Reactive Oxygen Species and the Reactive Nitrogen Species under the conditions of this pathology and by the disorders of the antioxidant defense system, especially its enzymatic part. This leads alterations in the morpho-functional state of cells, organs, and the whole organism. Free radicals are involved in the destruction of pancreatic cells in type 1 diabetes mellitus, which leads to even greater inhibition of insulin secretion, worsening of the course of the disease and occurrence of diabetic complications. The complications of diabetes mellitus include often diagnosed cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the use of treatments characterized not only by hypoglycemic properties for normalization of blood sugar level in diabetes mellitus, but also by antioxidant properties for normalization of oxidative/antioxidant balance of the organism in the studied pathology can be promising. Scientists pay a great attention to the study of substances with such properties, especially natural phenolic compounds of grape, which are also characterized by immunomodulatory properties. Materials and Methods. The study was performed on cardiac tissues of control rats, control animals treated with wine polyphenolic complex concentrate, animals with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and animals with experimental diabetes mellitus treated with a concentrate of wine polyphenolic complex. The activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were detected to examine the corrective effect of the concentrate of red wine natural polyphenolic comp­lex on the state of the enzymatic part of the antioxidant defense system. Results. The results have shown the normalization of activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and changes in the activity of enzymes of glutathione cycle after oral administration of polyphenolic complex concentrate for 14 days to rats with streptozo­tocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Conclusions. The results confirm a hypothesis about the antioxidant effect of the studied concentrate and the ability of natural polyphenolic complexes to serve as the basis for new drugs for treatment of diabetes-induced disorders.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
Olga Kovalyova ◽  
Tamara Pasiieshvili

Background. Despite numerous studies, the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease remains unclear. Aim of research: assessment the activity of antioxidant defense system in young patients with GERD based on expression of biomarker associated with mitochondrial function. Material and methods. The study included 45 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The examined contingent was presented by students age from 18 to 25 years. 20 healthy persons were included as control group. Levels of manganese superoxide dismutase were determined in blood serum of study persons with enzyme immunoassays (ELISA, Elabscience, USA). Statistical data processing by the Statistica Basic Academic 13 for Windows En local was made. Results. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in young patients is characterized by significantly increasing of manganese superoxide dismutase as compare to control group (7.1700 ng/ml vs 4.4720 ng/ml respectively, p<0.01). Presence of erosion in esophagus mucous doesn't accompanied by significant changes of evaluated parameter as compare with non-erosion form of disease in patients. Conclusion. The elevation in young patients with GERD the biomarker of mitohondrial antioxidant defense system we may speculate as adaptive response contributing to non-specific citoprotection. Taking to account the publishing facts about dual role of manganese superoxide dismutase it is necessary to monitoring antioxidant enzyme in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease for prediction of possible complications and outcome.


2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
O. V. Smirnova ◽  
V. V. Tsukanov ◽  
A. A. Sinyakov ◽  
O. L. Moskalenko ◽  
N. G. Elmanova ◽  
...  

Background. The problem of gastric cancer remains unresolved throughout the world, while chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) increases the likelihood of its development by 15 times. In the Russian Federation, the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) is among the highest, with it prevailing among males. One of the leading mechanisms in molecular pathology of membranes is lipid peroxidation (LPO). The severity of oxidative membrane damage depends on concomitant diseases, contributing to emergence and progression of pathological processes and development of cancer. Currently, the problem of LPO is unsolved in biological systems.The aim of this study was to investigate the state of LPO and antioxidant defense system in CAG and GC. Materials and methods. The parameters were studied in 45 patients with CAG and 50 patients with GC. The control group included 50 practically healthy volunteers without gastrointestinal complaints, who did not have changes in the gastric mucosa according to the fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FEGDS) findings.Results. In patients with CAG, an increase in malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase was found in the blood plasma compared with the control group. In patients with CAG, lipid peroxidation was activated, and the malondialdehyde level increased by 3.5 times relative to normal values. At the same time, the body fought against oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase. All patients with GC showed pronounced oxidative stress in the blood plasma in the form of a 45-fold increase in malondialdehyde. The activity of the main antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was reduced in GC. Catalase was activated, which indicated pronounced oxidative stress, significant damage to blood vessels, and massive cell death. Glutathione-related enzymes (glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase) and the antioxidant protein ceruloplasmin were activated, which also indicated significant oxidative stress and severe intoxication in patients with GC.Conclusion. Depending on the stage and type of cancer, an in-depth study of lipid peroxidation and factors of the antioxidant defense system can be used to correct therapy and prevent cancer and can serve as markers of progression and prognosis in gastric cancer. 


2021 ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
О. Deren ◽  
◽  
N. Syrovatka ◽  
M. Koryliak ◽  
О. Dobryanska ◽  
...  

Purpose. The aim of the work was to study certain morpho-physiological parameters of carp as a result of additional introduction of a mycotoxin sorbent to a feed with signs of spoilage. Methodology. During 2019–2020, two experiments were conducted in the laboratory. The first one included 7 groups-analogues of age-1+ Nyvky carp, 20 fish in each group, with an average weight of 22.5 g. The control group of fish was fed for 24 days with a compound feed with signs of spoilage, «Mykosorb» was additionally added to the diet of the experimental groups in the amounts of 0.05, 0.1; 0.15; 0.2; 0.25 and 0.4%, respectively. The second group included 4 groups of age-1+ fish, 12 fish in each group, with an average weight of 20.0 g. The diet of the control group was identical to that of the first experiment, and the experimental groups with the addition of 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1% of «Mycosorb», respectively. During the study, optimal conditions for keeping fish were provided. Fish after were measured and weighed at the end of the experiment and their weight gains were analyzed according to generally accepted methods in fish farming. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of lipid peroxidation products depending on the composition of the diet were studied. Findings. The studies used compound feed with signs of spoilage as a result of violation of their storage technology, which identified three groups of toxins: Aflatoxin B1, Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol. As a result of the first stage of the study, the rates of application of mycotoxin sorbent into the diet of carp at amounts of 0.05 - 0.2% were determined. At the same time, there was no clear proportional pattern of changes in the average weight of fish depending on the amount of introduction of «Mycosorb», the value increased in all experimental groups compared to the control by 0.4 – 15.2%. Muscles of age-1+ fish were found to have higher (p<0,001) catalase activity after application of 0.15% of the test drug by 1.4 times, 0.2% — by 46%, 0.25% — by 69 and 0.4% — by 79%. Superoxide dismutase activity also increased, except for the groups of 0.2, 0.25 and 0.4% of «Mycosorb». There was a tendency of 21.0 and 22.6% decrease in the content of diene conjugates as a result of feeding 0.05 and 0.1% sorbent and some increase as a result of feeding 0.15; 0.2; 0.25 and 0.4% additives. Studies of the next stage showed that addition of «Mykosorb» at the rate of 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1% to the feed, the average weight of age-1+ carp in the experimental groups increased by 45.4; 37.2 and 30.3%, the condition factor — by 41.9; 40.8 and 42.7%, the relative growth rate is 4.3; 5.9 and 4.6 times, respectively. The fish body height to length ratio was lower by 10.3, 7.0 and 7.4% relative to the control group. Addition of 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1% of «Mycosorb» increased resistance of fish due to an increase in the hepatopancreatic activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase by 28.3, 30.5 and 5.0% and catalase by 56.5 (p<0.001), 55.5 (p<0.001) and 46.3% (p<0.05). At the same time, addition of 0.05 and 0.1% of «Mykosorb» increased the content of diene conjugates by 11.3 (p<0.01) and 12.3% (p<0.01), TBC-active products by 19.7 (p<0.05) and 13.2%. Originality. For the first time, the feasibility of addition of the mycotoxin sorbent «Mykosorb» into the feed with signs of spoilage was studied. The effect of feeding age-1+ carp with diets of various compositions on some morpho-physiological parameters of carp in the conditions of model tests was carried out. Practical value. Additional weigh gains and improvements of the antioxidant defense system of the carp organism were observed. The use of «Mykosorb» in carp feeding allows reducing the negative impact of low quality feed on fish body. Key words: carp, feed, feed additives, mycotoxins, sorbent, morphological parameters, growth, antioxidant defense system


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