scholarly journals Bioprospecting neglected botanicals as phyto-fertilizers for underutilized food crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-433
Author(s):  
Abiala Akindele
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Soil Inoculation ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Radicle Length

Botanicals are part of the bioresources for sustainable growth of food crops, however, some botanicals have been neglected. This study investigates the potential effects of neglected botanicals on selected underutilized food crops (millet, sorghum and sesame) in Nigeria. Blotter technique and soil inoculation methods were used to evaluate the best botanicals that could be employed to enhance seed germination (SG) and seedling growth of underutilized food crops. With the exception of Newbouldia laevis, other botanicals enhanced seed germination of all tested crops. Ficus asperifolia and Parquetina nigrescens significantly (p<0.05) enhanced the radicle length (RL) while the plumule length (PL) remained unaffected. Specifically, observation shows that Newbouldia laevis completely inhibited sesame seed germination and seedling growth while Parquetina nigrescens enhanced millet height and sesame number of leaves. Generally, the effect of the botanicals on each crop was specific. Thus, these neglected botanicals stand the chance to enhance and sustain seedlings of underutilized food crops in Nigeria. Further study would be carried out to uncover the chemical components in the tested botanicals.

scholarly journals Assessment on the Effects of Potting Media on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-975
Author(s):  
M.K. Peter ◽  
SIN Agera ◽  
J.I. Amonum
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Poultry Droppings

This study investigated the effects of potting media on seed germination and early seedling growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir at the Forestry Nursery in Jos, Nigeria. Using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates, laboratory-tested soil samples, top soil, sharp sand, sharp sand + top soil, sharp sand + top soil + cow dung and sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings were used in various combinations to assess the growth parameters of P. erinaceus (germination percentage, emergence, plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves and stem diameter) for 12 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze collected data. Result indicated that sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings had the highest nitrogen concentration (2.19%), sharp sand + top soil + cow dung (2.07%), sharp sand + top soil (1.50%), top soil (0.72%) and Sharp sand (0.38%). Potting media with poultry droppings recorded an overall higher percentage germination of 42.9% by the end of the germination period. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of collected data on combined soil aggregate on growth parameters indicated a significant (p<0.05) difference in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and stem diameter. Potting with poultry dropping gave the best potting media growth results when compared to other treatments that enhanced seed germination and seedling growth of P. erinaceus. This superior observation of the poultry droppings incorporated potting mixtures over the cow dung provides an outstanding potentials to enhance P. erinaceus plantation establishment. Consequently, recommended for raising seedlings in the nursery as well as ensuring sustainable management.

Germination and decreased growth of Kochia scoparia in relation to its autoallelopathy

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. K. Lodhi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
High Density ◽  
Kochia Scoparia ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Radicle Length

The autotoxic properties of Kochia scoparia phytotoxins on its germination and on radicle and seedling growth were studied. Inhibition of seed germination, a commonly known allelopathic phenomenon, did not occur and seeds reached close to 100% germination within 24 h when tested against different phytotoxins isolated from Kochia leaves regardless of the concentrations applied. Similarly, the radicle length of Kochia seeds measured was not significantly affected. However, when radicles were allowed to grow for an extended period of time in various concentrations of isolated phytotoxins, their length was significantly reduced in almost all cases. Such autotoxic growth retardation patterns were more pronounced in 10-day-old seedlings. It appears that Kochia phytotoxins do not inhibit germination but retard growth later, which also supports the high density but drastically reduced growth of Kochia in its 2nd year of revegetation in the field. The autotoxins isolated and identified from Kochia leaves were phenolics and flavanoids.

scholarly journals Effect of Alternaria sesami on Germination and Seedling Growth of Sesame

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lakshmi Pravallika ◽  
S.L. Bhattiprolu ◽  
K. Radhika ◽  
M. Raghavendra
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sesame Seed ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Vigour Index

Background: Sesame is an important oil seed crop affected by toxigenic fungal pathogens viz., Alternaria, Fusarium and Aspergillus. Among these, Alternaria sesami is seed borne and most destructive pathogen causing yield loss to an extent of 28.9 per cent. Hence the effect of artificial infection with A. sesami on seed quality of various samples of sesame was investigated during 2017-2018. Methods: A total of 28 samples were collected from different sesame growing areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana and inoculated with A. sesami. The inoculated and uninoculated seeds were tested for germination and seedling growth by rolled paper towel method.Result: Significant differences in seed germination, seedling length and seedling vigour index were observed among the uninoculated as well as inoculated sesame seed samples. The results indicated that Alternaria sesami caused 15.13% to 49.68%, 12.77% to 46.14% and 28.28% to 72.87% reduction in seed germination, seedling length and vigour index, respectively, of inoculated seed over uninoculated seeds. The per cent reduction was highest in the seed samples of YLM-17 collected from farmers’ saved seed samples of Prakasam district.

scholarly journals Effect of Pre-Sowing Treatments on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Silver Butterfly Tree (Bauhinia rufescens)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-354
Author(s):  
J. A. Opoku ◽  
J. N. Amissah ◽  
M. E. Essilfie ◽  
J. C. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Shoot Weight

Three experiments were conducted in a plastic greenhouse at the Sinna Garden of the Crop Science Department of the University of Ghana, Legon, Accra to investigate into pre-sowing treatment (water treatment, growth regulator, and sulphuric acid scarification and water soaking) effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Bauhinia rufescens from October to December, 2011 and January to April, 2012, respectively. The experimental design used was complete randomized design. There were 4 treatments in experiment 1, 7 in experiment 2 and 6 in experiment 3. Each experiment was replicated five (5) times. The results showed that Bauhinia rufescens seeds soaked in hot water at 65 0 C for 60 minutes gave the highest mean germination rate, tallest plant height and highest number of leaves per plant at 49 days after soaking. It also had the widest stem diameter, highest fresh shoot and root weight, highest fresh root and dry root weight and number of roots per seedling. Seeds soaked in 500 ppm Gibberelic acid(GA3) produced the highest number of leaves per plant and tallest plants at 49 DAS. Seeds soaked in 750 ppm GA3 had the highest number of leaves per plant at 49 DAS and highest fresh shoot weight. Seeds soaked in 1000 ppm Promalin differed significantly from 500 ppm GA3 and the control in germination percentage. Seeds soaked in 1000 ppm Promalin differed significantly from 500 ppm GA3 and the control in germination percentage. Acid scarified seeds for 60 minutes plus soaking in tap water for 24 hours differed significantly from the seeds treated withother growth regulator rates plus 24 hours soaking in germination percentage. Acid scarified seeds for 45 minutes plus soaking in tap water for 24 hours had the tallest plant and highest number of leaves per plant at 49 DAS, widest stem diameter, highest fresh shoot and root weight and dry shoot weight. Soaking seeds in hot water at 65 0 C for 60 minutes and/or in acid (H2SO4) for 45 minutes plus soaking in tap water for 24 hours is recommended as pre-sowing treatment for Bauhinia rufescens for maximum mean germination rate and vigorous vegetative growth of seedlings.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Priming with Proline on Germination and Seedling Growth of Mungbean under Salt Stress

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdus Sobahan
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Radicle Length

Seed priming is a pre-sowing treatment that enhances germination performance and stress tolerance of germinating seeds. The effect of seed priming with proline on germination and seedling growth of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) under salt stress was investigated. The experiment carried out in completely randomized design with three replications in May 2018 at the Research Laboratory of the School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Salt stress at 5 dSm-1 decreased seed germination percentage, plumule length, radicle length, plumule fresh weight, radicle fresh weight and seed vigour index compared to control. Seed priming with proline increased germination percentage (53.84%), plumule length, radicle length, plumule fresh weight, radicle fresh weight and seed vigour index under salt stress. The results suggested that seed priming with proline could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of mungbean. South Asian J. Agric., 7(1&2): 15-18

scholarly journals The effect of N-yttrium oxide Y2 o3 on mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) Seed germination and seedling growth under salinity levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ammal Abdelsalam Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Yttrium Oxide ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Trait ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Secondary Roots

The present study was carried out in the botanical garden / department of biology /college of science in ALmustansiriyah University, Baghdad. During winter 2017 under natural environmental conditions in plastic house. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of the N- Yttrium oxide application to reduce salt stress in 1 and 2 gm/ Lof NaCl on seed germination and seedling growth of mung been. The results reveal that N- Y2o3 gave the highest results in seed germinations and seedling growth trait (seedling lengths, shoot length, number of leaves, number of secondary roots and dry weight of seedling) of mung bean than gibberellin and aqueous extract of Liquors roots under 1 and 2 gm / L NaCl and has no significant different with control treatment.

EFFECT OF SOIL MEDIA AND DEPTH OF SEED SOWING ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF BAHERA, TERMINALA BELLERICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ASTHA GUPTA ◽  
RAMAKANT TEWARI ◽  
S. L. MEENA
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter

The study was conducted at National Research Centre for Agroforestry, Jhansi (U.P.) India. Fresh seeds of Bahera were sun dried, depulped and subjected to three soil media [Red soil+FYM (1:1), Black soil+FYM (1:1) and Red+Black soil+FYM(1:1:1)] and three sowing depths (2.0, 3.0 and 4.0cm) for seed germination in April month. Results indicated that maximum seed germination (94%) was obtained in Red soil + FYM mediaat 2.0cm sowing depth. This treatment recorded quickest initiation and completion of germination(11and 21 days respectively). Seedling growth in terms of plant height, collar diameter and canopy spread and number of leaves was maximum under Red soil+FYM and minimum under Black soil+FYM. In general, plant growth reduced with increase in depth of sowing. However, the differences among various treatments were largely non-significant. Total biomass air dry ranged between 10.52 to 13.90g/plant across the treatments at 6 months stage.

Sodium chloride effects on lipase activity in germinating rape seeds

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Ben Miled ◽  
M. Zarrouk ◽  
A. Chérif
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Radicle Length

Seeds of rape (Brassica napus L.) were germinated at various NaCl concentrations up to 200 mM. Germinating levels, seedling growth, triacylglycerol mobilization and lipase activity were investigated. High salt concentrations resulted in retardation of seed germination. Seedling growth as measured by radicle length was severely reduced by NaCl doses higher than 50 mM. Moreover, the mobilization of storage oil in control rapeseed seedlings, started about 24 h after imbibition. As for germination and growth, elevated salt concentrations are found to delay triacylglycerol degradation. Experiments using triolein as substrate indicated clearly that lipase activity was inhibited by salt treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of allelopathic effect of fifty Sorghum bicolor L. Genotypes on Germination and Growth of some weed in vitro and in vivo

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
A. A. Aljibouri ◽  
S. N. Mahmoud ◽  
A. W. Alsawani ◽  
I. S. Alsaadawi ◽  
Duha Mysire Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Germination And Growth

The effect of root exudates of fifty Sorghum genotypes on seed germination and seedling growth of millet were studied in vitro. The fifty genotypes were divided into four groups according to their effect on percentage reduction in root and shoot and whole plant average lengths of millet seedling growth. The first group caused slight stimulation, the second slight inhibition, the third gave limited inhibition and the fourth caused high inhibition. In seedling growth. Five genotypes of sorghum were selected, one from group two and four from group four. These five genotypes were cultured in the field in Autumn 2007 and at the end of the season plants were removed, dried and grind. Three concentrations of each of these genotypes powder were prepared, in addition to the control treatment, (0.0, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0) g/kg soil to study their effects on the growth of Amaranthus retroflexus which cultured in pots and kept in experimental field. Data on number of leaves, lengths of shoot and root and whole plant were taken as well as wet and dry weight were measured. Percentage of Amaranthus retroflexus seeds germination were evaluated in an experiment cultured in Petri dishes containing concentrations (0.0, 5.0 and 10.0%) of aqueous extracts of each of the five genotypes powder. Results showed high significant inhibition for the four genotypes from group four in comparison with the one genotype from group two. Significant differences among these genotypes in their inhibition on such parameters as shoot, root, whole plant growth, number of leaves, and wet and dry weight. The genotype 2005-K-Type 1050 gave the highest reduction in plant length 53.2% incomparing with the genotype 2005-K-Type 1033 which gave 0.7%. The percentage of seed germination of Amaranthus retroflexus was significantly reduced as the concentration of the aqueous extract increased and there were significant differences among genotypes on this parameter. The concentration of the powder of each genotype added to the soil produced significant reduction in all parameters studied and the effect increased as the concentration increased in soil. This research discusses the potential of the allelopathic effect of some Sorghum genotypes on weed germination and growth reduction and the possibility of employing them in weed control program with the intention to use less herbicide.

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