scholarly journals Seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines affected by seed treatment with pesticides

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
Gordana Tamindzic ◽  
Zorica Nikolic ◽  
Jasna Savic ◽  
Dragana Milosevic ◽  
Gordana Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Inbred Line ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Seed treatment is a common way of fungicide and insecticide use nowadays, since this way of pesticide application can provide the best protection in the vicinity of the future plant. The aim of research was to evaluate the effects of different seed treatments on germination and seedling growth in three maize inbred lines. The research included the seed treatment with several combinations of a fungicide Maxim XL 035-FS (a.i. metalaxil-M + fludioxonil) and neonicotinoid insecticides Gaucho 600-FS (a.i. imidacloprid) and Cruiser 350-FS (a.i. thiamethoxam), as well as untreated seed (control). The results indicated that inbred lines 21202 x 21101 NS and 317659 NS had a highly vigourous seed which was not affected by the seed treatments. The seed treatments with Maxim XL 035- FS+Gaucho 600-FS and Maxim XL 035-FS+Cruiser 350-FS led to a decrease in germination (90.25% and 89.50%, respectively) of maize inbred line 306081 NS as well as a decrease in root length (126.75 mm and 125.25 mm, respectively) and dry root weight (0.135 g and 0.1875 g, respectively) of maize inbred line 21202 x 21101 NS. All seed treatments had positive effects on root growth, as well as on fresh root weight of maize inbred lines 306081 NS and 317659 NS.

scholarly journals Economic Assessment and Fungicide Use on Peanut Seed in the Southwestern United States1

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Smith ◽  
M. C. Black ◽  
W. J. Grichar ◽  
A. J. Jaks
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Seed protectant fungicides are an important part of a total pest management program of peanut and may reduce the use of other pesticides later in the growing season. A survey of peanut shellers was conducted to determine the amount of fungicide use and the important factors used in selecting particular fungicides for treating seed in the Southwestern United States. All peanut seed planted in Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico was treated with one or more fungicides and totaled 19,000 kg of five active ingredients applied on 12 million kg of seed. Captan was the leading active ingredient and made up 49% of all fungicide use. Shellers were the sole decision makers in selecting seed treatment fungicides and cited fungicide effectiveness and assurance of a good crop stand as the major factors in selecting a commercial product. Fungicide treatments made up 4% of the total cost of planting seed, for an average cost of $6.75/ha. A case study on the impact of seed treatments was conducted using 12 yr of field performance data in an economic assessment. Peanut yields were 36% higher when captan-treated compared with using untreated seed. In an economic assessment, net returns above variable costs were $331/ha higher when fungicide-treated seed was planted, compared to untreated seed. The case study showed that seed treatments provided positive economic returns in 10 out of the 12 yr and losses would result in 7 out of 12 yr if untreated seed were planted. Many of the present seed treatment fungicides will be reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and require re-registration under the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996.

scholarly journals Germination Behavior of Rauvolfia serpentine (L.) Seeds with the use of Different Seed Treatments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Prawal P.S. Verma ◽  
Dipender Kumar ◽  
Sonveer Singh ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Cotton Cloth ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Seed Propagation

Background: Sarpagandha is an indigenous medicinal herb of Indian continent. It has many medicinal properties. Due to increasing demand of Sarpagandha, its exploitation is increasing continuously but for lack of cultivation, this plant has been listed in endangered category. Commercially, it is propagated through seeds but the main barrier of seed propagation is its irregular and low germination. Hence, the current study was undertaken to study the effect of growing media and seed treatment methods on seed germination and seedling growth of Sarpagandha to eliminate the inhibitory effect of the hard stony endocarp.Methods: Seed germination and seedling growth experiments of Sarpagandha were carried out with following different seed treatments, T1 (Control), T2 (Water soaking for 24 hours), T3 (water soaking for 48 hours), T4 (Water soaking for 24 hours + cotton cloth wrapping for 24 hours), T5 (GA3 200 ppm), T6 (FYM treatment for 24 hours), T7 (FYM treatment for 48 hours), T8 (Hot water treatment) and T9 (Cow dung treatment for 24 hours). Experiment was laid out in CRD. The data recorded on the various parameters were analyzed at 5% level of significance by using ANOVA.Result: Results indicated highest germination percentage (51), lowest mortality percent (49), minimum days for initiation of germination (23), minimum days taken for germination completion (33), highest speed of germination (3.77), maximum vigour index (1441.44), highest root (11.27 cm) and highest shoot length (17 cm) in T5 (GA3 200 ppm) followed by T3 (water soaking for 48 hours). Indicating, T5 (GA3 200 ppm) to be best seed treatment for higher germination and subsequent seedling growth of Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentine L.).

scholarly journals 10.5937/ratpov50-4792 = Effect of seed treatments with neonicotinoids on maize inbred lines seed quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Gordana Tamindzic ◽  
Zorica Nikolic ◽  
Rasko Popov ◽  
Dusica Jovicic ◽  
Gordana Zdjelar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

scholarly journals SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND PLANT REGENERATION FROM AN ELITE TROPICAL MAIZE INBRED LINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
RAFAELI APARECIDA VIEIRA DE SOUZA ◽  
MEIRE DE CÁSSIA ALVES ◽  
NEWTON PORTILHO CARNEIRO ◽  
ALUÍZIO BORÉM ◽  
ANDRÉA ALMEIDA CARNEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Line ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Inbred Line ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Transformation Techniques ◽  
N6 Medium

ABSTRACT – The improvement of tropical maize inbred lines by genetic transformation techniques remains a difficulttask since not all genotypes are capable of regenerating efficiently in vitro. The objective of this study was to evaluatethree different callus induction media, based on N6 or MS salts containing either 2,4-D (0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 30.0mg .L-1) or Dicamba (0; 0.25; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0 mg.l-1) in the production of embryogenic callus from immature zygoticembryos of the tropical maize inbred line L3. Callus maturation was tested in MS medium containing 60 g.L-1 sucroseand supplemented with different combinations of BAP (0; 0.1; 0.5; 1.0 mg.L-1), NAA (0; 1.0 mg.L-1) and CuSO4 (0;1.25 mg.L-1). The L3 inbred line presented higher capacity for Type II callus formation on N6 medium content 10mg.L-1 2,4-D. For the maturation of callus, absence of plant growth regulators and addition of CuSO4 allowed higherpercentage of regeneration. The protocol developed presented 85% production of Type II embryogenic callus and 45%plant regeneration.Keywords: 2,4-D, dicamba, embryogenic callus, Zea mays.EMBRIOGÊNESE SOMÁTICA E REGENERAÇÃO DE PLANTAS A PARTIR DE UMA LINHAGEM DE MILHO TROPICAL ELITERESUMO – O melhoramento de linhagens de milho tropical através de técnicas de transformação genética continua aser uma tarefa difícil uma vez que nem todos os genótipos são capazes de regenerar eficientemente in vitro. O objetivodeste estudo foi avaliar três meios diferentes para a indução de calos embriogênicos, baseados em N6 ou MS saiscontendo 2,4-D (0; 2,5; 5,0; 10,0; 15,0; 30,0 mg.L-1) ou Dicamba (0; 0,25 ; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0 mg.l-1) na produção decalos embriogênicos a partir de embriões zigóticos imaturos da linhagem de milho tropical elite L3. A maturação doscalos foi testada em meio MS com 60 g.L-1 de sacarose suplementado com diferentes combinações de BAP (0; 0,1; 0,5;1,0 mg.L-1), ANA (0; 1,0 mg.L-1) e CuSO4 (0; 1,25 mg L-1). A linhagem L3 apresentou alta capacidade para produçãode calos do Tipo II em meio N6 contendo 10 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D. Para a maturação dos calos, ausência de reguladoresde crescimento vegetal e adição de CuSO4 possibilitou maior porcentagem de regeneração. O protocolo desenvolvidoapresenta produção de 85% de calos embriogênicos do Tipo II e 45% de regeneração de plantas.Palavras-chave: 2,4-D, dicamba, calos embriogênicos, Zea mays.

Effect of seed treatments on emergence, yield, and root rot severity of soybean under Rhizoctonia solani inoculated field conditions in Ontario

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Xue ◽  
E. Cober ◽  
M. J. Morrison ◽  
H. D. Voldeng ◽  
B. L. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Untreated Seed ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Better Than

Field trials were conducted with soybean at two sites each year from 2001 to 2003 in Ottawa, ON, to determine the effect of seed treatments with various combinations of seven formulated fungicides and the bioagent Yield Shield (Bacillus pumilus GB34) under Rhizoctonia solani inoculated conditions. Controls were untreated seed planted into both non-inoculated (natural) soil and soil inoculated with R. solani. Compared with the non-inoculated control, inoculation significantly increased root rot severity and reduced emergence by 27%, and yield by 31%. Under the inoculated conditions, none of the seed treatments significantly increased emergence or yield in all of the six trials when compared with the control. Allegiance (metalaxyl) plus Vitaflo-280 (carbathiin plus thiram) and Vitaflo-280 alone were the most effective seed treatments, increasing emergence in by 20 and 19% and yield by 21 and 26%, which were significantly better than the control in four and five trials for emergence and three and four trials for yield, respectively. Allegiance plus HEC5725 (HEC5725), Apron Maxx RTA (fludioxonil plus metalaxyl), and Maxim 480FS (fludioxonil) increased both emergence and yield in two trials and TFL RTU (metalaxyl plus triflox ystrobin) plus Yield Shield in one trial. There was no difference between seed treatment with Allegiance and the untreated control for all parameters, confirming that metalaxyl is ineffective to R. solani. It is concluded that carbathiin, thiram, HEC5725, fludioxonil an trifloxystrobin are effective active ingredients protecting soybean from soil-borne R. solani and increasing plant emergence and yield. Key words: Rhizoctonia solani, seed treatment, soybean, Glycine max, fungicide, bioagent

scholarly journals Significant biophysical and genetic properties of maize inbred lines and hybrids with erect top leaves

2010 ◽  
pp. 35-53
Author(s):  
Cedomir Radenovic ◽  
Milomir Filipovic ◽  
Mile Secanski ◽  
Milica Radosavljevic ◽  
Zoran Camdzija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Dry Down ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study confirms the hypothesis that there are elite maize inbred lines and hybrids with erect top leaves, which have a dominant property of an efficient photosynthetic and fluorescent model that is successfully used in modern breeding programmes and the production hybrid seed and commercial maize. This statement is supported by the displayed results on the erect top leaves, the dynamics of grain dry-down during the maturation period and photosynthetic and florescence parameters: the temperature dependence of the delayed chlorophyll fluorescence intensity, the Arrhenius criterion for the determination of critical temperatures (phase transition temperatures) and the activation energies. The presented results show that properties of observed maize inbreds and their hybrids are based on the nature of conformational and functional changes that occur in their thylakoid membranes and other chemical tissues structures of grain and intact leaves, as well as, on positive effects in maize breeding. Moreover, other relevant significant breeding and seed production properties (commercial maize quality over grain structure, physical and chemical parameters) of maize inbred lines and their hybrids were analyzed in the present study.

scholarly journals Assessment of yield stability of maize inbred lines in multi-environment trials

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
MA Miah ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
MS Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Stable Yield

Stable performance of maize hybrids at a specific growing region is critical for obtaining high and stable yield. The objectives of this study were to assess grain yield stability of fourteen maize inbred lines from five different diverse regions of Bangladesh during 2010 - 2011 growing season (rabi) using genotype main effect plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot and to identify maize inbred lines that have both high mean yield and stable yield performance across test environments of Bangladesh. The GGE biplot method was effective in recognition that the inbreds G2 and G13 to be the most desirable ones for growing in Jessore (E1), G6 and G8 in Gazipur (E2), G3 in Rahmatpur (E3) and G1, G12, G14 and G9 in Debiganj (E5) region. The inbreds G5 and G7 had average grain yield and high stability, whereas the inbred line G10 had high grain yield and high stability. Besides, the inbred line G13 was the least stable across different environments. This technique can serve as a useful tool for recommendation of maize inbreds for specific growing regions taking into account the specificities of hybrids and growing conditions.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(1), 61-68, 2016

scholarly journals Combining abilities of maize inbred lines for grain yield and yield components

Genetika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Zivanovic ◽  
Gordana Brankovic ◽  
Slavko Radanovic
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Diallel Mating Design

Diallel mating design experiment with reciprocal crosses was used to determine combining abilities of five maize inbred lines and their hybrid combinations for grain yield, ear length, ear diameter, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row in 2005. and 2006. year. GCA and SCA significant values were observed for all traits under study in both years. GCA/SCA relation showed that dominant gene effect had prevalent influence in the inheritance of grain yield, ear length and ear diameter. Additive gene effect had larger importance in the inheritance of number of kernel rows per ear. NS-1445 inbred line showed best GCA effect for grain yield, ear length and number of kernels per row, but worst GCA effect for number of kernel rows per ear. Best GCA effect for ear diameter achieved inbred line F-7R. Line BL-47 showed best GCA effect for number of kernel rows per ear in both years, but also the worst GCA effect for grain yield and number of kernels per row. Hybrid combination NS-1445 x BL-47 showed largest SCA effect for grain yield in both years and also showed, like hybrid combination F-7R x NS-1445, significant SCA effects for all other traits, except ear diameter. This cross also proved that hybrid combinations that include one parent with good GCA effect and the other parent with bad GCA effect can have very successful performance. It will be useful during selection material testing, to keep also genotypes which show bad GCA effect, but have phenotypic favorable trait values. Reciprocity effect was significant for SCA effects of all traits but ear diameter. It is the conformation of involvement of plasmagenes in maize quantitative traits inheritance. The largest reciprocity effect for grain yield achieved F-7R x BL-47 in both years. Significantly higher grain yield in this hybrid combination was achieved when line F-7R was used as a female parent and significantly higher number of kernel rows per ear was achieved when line BL-47 was used as a female parent.

Cyproconazole for Control of Fusiform Rust on Loblolly Pine Seedlings

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Carey ◽  
W. D. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Mycorrhizal Development

Abstract The efficacy of cyproconazole seed treatments and foliar sprays for control of fusiform rust on loblolly pine seedlings was evaluated in greenhouse and nursery trials. At the nursery, the percentage of untreated seedlings that were galled at lifting was high (54%). No seedlings receiving cyproconazole at the lowest dosage foliar spray (4 sprays at 123.25 g ai/ha/application ) without the seed treatment, and only 0.1% of seedlings receiving only the seed treatment (1.25 g ai/kg seed), were galled Laboratory inoculations indicated that seed treatments with cyproconazole at 1.25 and 2.5 g ai/kg seed were effective for at least 20 and 30 days, respectively, and that foliar sprays of 185.0 or 246.5 g ai/ha were effective for 14 but not 21 days. Eleven months after sowing, mycorrhizal development in the nursery was similar among seedlings receiving approximately equal dosages of either cyproconazole or triadimefon. Seedling growth was not significantly different between control seedlings and those receiving the various dosages of cyproconazole. South J. Appl. For. 18(3): 101-104.

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