scholarly journals Analysis of resistance to Yam mosaic virus, genus Potyvirus in white guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) genotypes

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odu Babajide ◽  
Robert Asiedu ◽  
Stephen Shoyinka ◽  
Hughes D’a
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Multiplication ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Symptomless Infection ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Guinea Yam ◽  
Dominant Genes

Resistance to Yam mosaic virus (YMV), genus Potyvirus was studied in 10 populations of selected white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata). Plants of resistant genotypes: TDr 35, TDr 1621, TDr 93-1, TDr 93-32, TDr 95-107, TDr 93-23, and susceptible ones: TDr 87/00211, TDr 87/00571 and TDr 95-127 were screened for their reaction to the pathogen by symptom severity scoring scale of 1-5, and by quantifying virus multiplication by triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA). Controlled crosses were made among the genotypes within and between the groups according to reactions to the pathogen. The resultant F1 progenies were evaluated for the infection by disease symptom development and by TAS ELISA to detect a symptomless infection in an insect-proof screenhouse for the assessment of inheritance of resistance to YMV. A genetic analysis of the reactions of progenies derived from the D. rotundata genotypes to inoculation with YMV strongly suggests that resistance to the virus is a dominantly inherited trait. Segregation ratios obtained from the families indicate that at least two dominant genes are involved.

scholarly journals Identification of Quantitative Trait Nucleotides and Candidate Genes for Tuber Yield and Mosaic Virus Tolerance in an Elite Population of White Guinea Yam (Dioscorea Rotundata) Using Genome-Wide Association Scan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paterne AGRE ◽  
Prince E. Norman ◽  
Robert Asiedu ◽  
Asrat Asfaw
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Virus Tolerance ◽  
Guinea Yam

Abstract Background Improvement of tuber yield and tolerance to viruses are priority objectives in white Guinea yam breeding programs. However, phenotypic selection for these traits is quite challenging due to phenotypic plasticity and cumbersome screening of phenotypic-induced variations. This study assessed quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) and the underlying candidate genes related to tuber yield per plant (TYP) and yam mosaic virus (YMV) tolerance in a panel of 406 white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) breeding lines using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Results Population structure analysis using 5,581 SNPs differentiated the 406 genotypes into four distinct sub-groups (K = 4). Marker-trait association (MTA) analysis using the generalized linear model identified ten QTN regions significant for TYP and five for YMV. We identified variants responsible for predicting higher yield and low virus severity scores in the breeding panel through the marker-effect prediction. Gene annotation for the significant SNP loci identified several essential putative genes associated with the growth and development of tuber yield and those that code for tolerance to mosaic virus. Conclusion Our results provide valuable insight for marker validation and deployment for tuber yield and mosaic virus tolerance in white yam breeding. The information on SNP variants and genes from the present study would fast-track the application of genomics-informed selection decisions in breeding white Guinea yam for rapid introgression of the targeted traits.

scholarly journals New Polish Isolate of Pepino mosaic virus Highly Distinct from European Tomato, Peruvian, and US2 Strains

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1106-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pospieszny ◽  
N. Borodynko
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Polyclonal Antiserum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Pepino Mosaic Virus ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Symptomless Infection

Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV, genus Potexvirus) was first described on pepino (Solanum muricatum) in Peru during 1980. Since 1999, the virus was reported in several European countries and in North and South America as an agent of viral disease of tomato crops. In Poland in 2002, the PepMV-SW isolate that was genetically similar to European isolates (approximately 99% identity) was identified (3). In November 2005, in the western part of the Wielkopolska Region, a virus with flexuous filamentous particles approximately 500 nm long was isolated from tomato fruits exhibiting symptoms of discoloration. Crude sap from Nicotiana benthamiana leaves was used for mechanical inoculation of indicator plants. The virus caused symptoms on N. benthamiana, N. clevelandii, Datura inoxia, and Lycopersicon esculentum. Symptomless infection on N. tabacum cv. Xanthi nc, N. tabacum cv. White Burley, and N. debneyi was confirmed by back-inoculation on N. benthamiana. The virus did not infect N. glutinosa, Physalis floridana, Petunia hybrida, Capsicum annuum, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus, or Phaseolus vulgaris. The virus was initially identified using double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) with polyclonal antiserum against PepMV (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany). Positive serological reactions were obtained with sap from inoculated N. benthamiana, L. esculentum, and N. clevelandii plants. The serological identification was confirmed using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers generated from a sequence of the RNA polymerase region of an isolate of PepMV reported in the United Kingdom (1). Sequence information obtained from the amplified fragment of the virus designated PepMV-PK (GenBank Accession No. DQ387870), showed only 81% nt identity and 89% amino acid identity with PepMV-SW (GenBank Accession No. DQ387869). PepMV isolates can be divided into three strains including European tomato, Peruvian, and US2 based on their genetic diversity (2). The PepMV-PK isolate resulted in nucleotide identities ranging from 79 to 81% with isolates of the European tomato strain (GenBank Accession Nos. AJ438767, AF340024, AF484251, AJ271991, AJ606359, and AJ290424), 81% with the Peruvian strain (GenBank Accession Nos. AM109896 and AJ606361), and 78% identity with each of the U.S. isolates US1 (GenBank Accession No. AY509926) and US2 (GenBank Accession No. AY509927). These results show that the new Polish isolate is distinct from all other PepMV isolates reported to date. References: (1) C. J. French et al. Plant Dis. 85:1121, 2001. (2) L. Pagan et al. Phytopathology 96:274, 2006. (3) H. Pospieszny et al. Phytopathol. Pol. 26:91, 2002.

scholarly journals Two New Hosts for Poinsettia Mosaic Virus

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Floeistad ◽  
D. R. Blystad
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Graft Union ◽  
New Host ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Symptomless Infection ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
Das Elisa

Poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV), a possible member of the genus Tymovirus, commonly infects the potted flower crop Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch (1). Two new host species for this virus were identified during grafting experiments with E. pulcherrima and other Euphorbia spp. E. cornastra (Dressler) A. Radcliffe-Smith was reciprocally grafted with PnMV-positive E. pulcherrima cv. Eckespoint Lilo. PnMV was detected by double antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) in E. cornastra leaves directly below the graft union 4 weeks after grafting. Infection was not fully systemic 6 weeks after grafting when screened by DAS-ELISA with antibodies specific to PnMV (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany). The symptomless infection in E. cornastra persisted in cuttings from grafted plants after a 1-year observation period. E. bubalina Boiss. anatomy differs from that of E. pulcherrima. The two species did not produce a viable graft union. However, in an experiment with two attempted graftings, the E. pulcherrima scions remained turgid for 14 to 18 days. As a result of one grafting, the E. bubalina rootstock tested positive for PnMV. The virus induced a mild mosaic in E. bubalina, but no reduction in growth. To confirm virus presence in E. cornastra and E. bubalina, both DAS-ELISA and immunosorbent electron microscopy were used. Non-grafted controls remained PnMV negative. PnMV was re-isolated from both species by sap inoculation to Nicotiana benthamiana. E. coulescens Haw., E. xylophyllides Brogn. ex Lem., E. marlothiana N. E. Br., and Ricinus communis L. were not infected by PnMV after similar grafting attempts. Reference: (1) A. A. Brunt et al., eds. 1996. Viruses of Plants. CAB Int., Wallingford, UK.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of KASP Markers for the Identification of Pea seedborne mosaic virus Pathotype P1 Resistance in Pisum sativum

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1824-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie D. Swisher Grimm ◽  
Lyndon D. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Kasp Markers

As pesticides have become heavily relied on for management of insect pests vectoring economically important pathogens of vegetable crops, development of pathogen-resistant germplasm remains a promising alternative to reduce or eliminate costly and timely chemical inputs. Molecular markers can be used to rapidly identify resistant genotypes to aid breeders in advancing germplasm. This study developed two kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) genotyping markers for rapid screening of Pisum sativum genotypes for resistance to Pea seedborne mosaic virus pathotype P1 (PSbMV-P1), the most economically devastating strain worldwide. The KASP markers differentiate two eIF4E PSbMV-P1-resistant allelic variants from susceptible eIF4E variants. A single nucleotide polymorphism (Resistant 1) and a 3-basepair deletion (Resistant 2) present in either of the two resistant alleles were used for marker design. Forty-four P. sativum lines previously characterized for resistance to PSbMV were inoculated with PSbMV-P1 in a greenhouse, observed for visual symptoms, assayed for virus susceptibility by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and genotyped by KASP marker analysis. The KASP markers were 100% accurate in characterizing PSbMV-P1-susceptible and PSbMV-P1-resistant genotypes when correlated with the ELISA results. The Resistant 1 marker also correlated with resistance to PSbMV pathotypes P2 and P4 completely, making this marker a new advanced tool for P. sativum breeding programs.

scholarly journals Identification of quantitative trait nucleotides and candidate genes for tuber yield and mosaic virus tolerance in an elite population of white guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) using genome-wide association scan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paterne A. Agre ◽  
Prince E. Norman ◽  
Robert Asiedu ◽  
Asrat Asfaw
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Virus Tolerance ◽  
Guinea Yam

Abstract Background Improvement of tuber yield and tolerance to viruses are priority objectives in white Guinea yam breeding programs. However, phenotypic selection for these traits is quite challenging due to phenotypic plasticity and cumbersome screening of phenotypic-induced variations. This study assessed quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) and the underlying candidate genes related to tuber yield per plant (TYP) and yam mosaic virus (YMV) tolerance in a panel of 406 white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata) breeding lines using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Results Population structure analysis using 5,581 SNPs differentiated the 406 genotypes into seven distinct sub-groups based delta K. Marker-trait association (MTA) analysis using the multi-locus linear model (mrMLM) identified seventeen QTN regions significant for TYP and five for YMV with various effects. The seveteen QTNs were detected on nine chromosomes, while the five QTNs were identified on five chromosomes. We identified variants responsible for predicting higher yield and low virus severity scores in the breeding panel through the marker-effect prediction. Gene annotation for the significant SNP loci identified several essential putative genes associated with the growth and development of tuber yield and those that code for tolerance to mosaic virus. Conclusion Application of different multi-locus models of GWAS identified 22 QTNs. Our results provide valuable insight for marker validation and deployment for tuber yield and mosaic virus tolerance in white yam breeding. The information on SNP variants and genes from the present study would fast-track the application of genomics-informed selection decisions in breeding white Guinea yam for rapid introgression of the targeted traits through markers validation.

Identification of resistance to Yam mosaic virus (YMV), genus Potyvirus in white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.O Odu ◽  
R Asiedu ◽  
J.d’A Hughes ◽  
S.A Shoyinka ◽  
O.A Oladiran
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dioscorea Rotundata ◽  
Guinea Yam

scholarly journals Tolerance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Pepper: Development of Advanced Breeding Lines and Evaluation of Virus Level

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Lapidot ◽  
Ilan Paran ◽  
Rachel Ben-Joseph ◽  
Serge Ben-Harush ◽  
Meir Pilowsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Virus Multiplication ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Mechanical Inoculation ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Visual Symptoms

Tolerance to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was introduced from an Indian small-fruited hot pepper accession, Perennial, into several bell-type sweet pepper lines by means of pedigree and backcrossing breeding procedures. Tolerance was determined to be incompletely dominant and quantitatively inherited. Breeding lines with variable degrees of tolerance were developed based on inspection of visual symptoms after mechanical inoculation. The breeding lines were subsequently tested for their agronomic performance in the field after mechanical inoculation. Their levels of tolerance in the field closely resembled their previous performances in the greenhouse. There was no association between virus accumulation levels in the upper leaves, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the degree of tolerance to the virus, as determined by either visual symptoms or field performance. We concluded that the basis for developing tolerant breeding lines from Perennial is primarily their ability to recover from high virus titer and not their restriction of virus multiplication.

First Detection of Tobacco Mosaic Virus in Tobacco Fields in Northern Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Obeid ◽  
Elias Wehbe ◽  
Mohamad Rima ◽  
Mohammad Kabara ◽  
Romeo Al Bersaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Das Elisa

Background: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is the most known virus in the plant mosaic virus family and is able to infect a wide range of crops, in particularly tobacco, causing a production loss. Objectives: Herein, and for the first time in Lebanon, we investigated the presence of TMV infection in crops by analyzing 88 samples of tobacco, tomato, cucumber and pepper collected from different regions in North Lebanon. Methods: Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), revealed a potential TMV infection of four tobacco samples out of 88 crops samples collected. However, no tomato, cucumber and pepper samples were infected. The TMV+ tobacco samples were then extensively analyzed by RT-PCR to detect viral RNA using different primers covering all the viral genome. Results and Discussion: PCR results confirmed those of DAS-ELISA showing TMV infection of four tobacco samples collected from three crop fields of North Lebanon. In only one of four TMV+ samples, we were able to amplify almost all the regions of viral genome, suggesting possible mutations in the virus genome or an infection with a new, not yet identified, TMV strain. Conclusion: Our study is the first in Lebanon revealing TMV infection in crop fields, and highlighting the danger that may affect the future of agriculture.

scholarly journals Development of a triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for cassava mosaic disease detection using a monoclonal antibody to Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saengsoon Charoenvilaisiri ◽  
Channarong Seepiban ◽  
Mallika Kumpoosiri ◽  
Sombat Rukpratanporn ◽  
Nuchnard Warin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Cassava Stem ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Virus

Abstract Background Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) is one of the most devastating viral diseases for cassava production in Africa and Asia. Accurate yet affordable diagnostics are one of the fundamental tools supporting successful CMD management, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to develop an antibody-based immunoassay for the detection of Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV), the only cassava mosaic begomovirus currently causing CMD outbreaks in Southeast Asia (SEA). Methods Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the recombinant coat protein of SLCMV were generated using hybridoma technology. MAbs were characterized and used to develop a triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) for SLCMV detection in cassava leaves and stems. Assay specificity, sensitivity and efficiency for SLCMV detection was investigated and compared to those of a commercial ELISA test kit and PCR, the gold standard. Results A TAS-ELISA for SLCMV detection was successfully developed using the newly established MAb 29B3 and an in-house polyclonal antibody (PAb) against begomoviruses, PAb PK. The assay was able to detect SLCMV in leaves, green bark from cassava stem tips, and young leaf sprouts from stem cuttings of SLCMV-infected cassava plants without cross-reactivity to those derived from healthy cassava controls. Sensitivity comparison using serial dilutions of SLCMV-infected cassava sap extracts revealed that the assay was 256-fold more sensitive than a commercial TAS-ELISA kit and 64-fold less sensitive than PCR using previously published SLCMV-specific primers. In terms of DNA content, our assay demonstrated a limit of detection of 2.21 to 4.08 × 106 virus copies as determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). When applied to field samples (n = 490), the TAS-ELISA showed high accuracy (99.6%), specificity (100%), and sensitivity (98.2%) relative to the results obtained by the reference PCR. SLCMV infecting chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) and coral plant (Jatropha multifida) was also reported for the first time in SEA. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the TAS-ELISA for SLCMV detection developed in this study can serve as an attractive tool for efficient, inexpensive and high-throughput detection of SLCMV and can be applied to CMD screening of cassava stem cuttings, large-scale surveillance, and screening for resistance.

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