scholarly journals Characteristics and composition of melon seed oil

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Milovanovic ◽  
Ksenija Picuric-Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Melon Seed Oil ◽  
Melon Seeds ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Seed Characteristics

Dried melon seeds (Citrullus colocynthis L) of the family Cucurbitaceae were investigated for nutritional quality and the oil seed characteristics. These melon seeds, on a dry weight basis, consisted of 52.3% of test and 47.7% of kernel. The moisture content in melon seeds was 54.5% and the mineral constituents were also determined. The oil content of seeds was very high ranging from 22.1-53.5%, due to the presence of the hulls, 22% from the seeds and 53% of the kernel, and also the crude protein content was so high as the 21.8% of the seeds. Standard procedures were applied to determine the fatty acids composition of the seed oil. The fatty acid profiles of the seed oil showed an unsaturated fatty acid content of 77.4% and the high content of 63.2% of PUFA. The predominant fatty acid was linoleic (18:2) acid in 62.2%. The presence of other fatty acids ranged in 10-14% for oleic (18:1) stearic (18:0) and palmitic (16:0) acids, respectively. Furthermore, the physical and chemical characteristics of the seed oil was also determined as iodine, acid, saponification, peroxide values and specific gravity.

scholarly journals Oil yield and fatty acid profile of seeds of three Salvia species. A comparative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouna Ben Farhat ◽  
Rym Chaouch -Hamada ◽  
Ahmed Landoulsi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Yield

Summary A comparative study of the oil yield and fatty acid composition of three Salvia species seeds collected in different locations has been conducted. Seed oil extraction was made using a Soxhlet-extractor and fatty acid analysis was undertaken using a GC-FID. The effect of the collecting site on oil yield, as well as the content of individual fatty acid and total fatty acid and fatty acid content was significant. Seed oil yield varied from 14.94 to 22.83% and the total fatty acids ranged from 67.36 to 82.49 mg/g DW. α-Linolenic (24.02-49.19%), linoleic (20.13-42.88%), oleic (12.97-17.81%) and palmitic (8.37-16.63%) acids were the most abundant fatty acids in all analyzed samples. α-Linolenic acid was found to be the major fatty acid in S. verbenaca and S. officinalis species, however, S. aegyptiaca was characterized by the prevalence of linoleic acid. Among the unsaturated fatty acids, which were represented in all samples in high amounts (78.16-89.34%), the polyunsaturated fatty acids (α-linolenic and linoleic acids) showed important levels ranging from 63.09 to 74.71%. Seeds of S. verbenaca were the richest in polyunsaturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profile, Tocopherol Content of Seed Oil, and Nutritional Analysis of Seed Cake of Wood Apple (Limonia acidissima L.), an Underutilized Fruit-Yielding Tree Species

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Shrinivas Lamani ◽  
Konerira Aiyappa Anu-Appaiah ◽  
Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy ◽  
Yaser Hassan Dewir ◽  
Hail Z. Rihan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Limonia Acidissima

The present study was aimed at analyzing the fatty acid composition, tocopherols, and physico-chemical characterization of wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) seed oil and the nutritional profile of seed cake. The fatty acids in seed oil were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the total seed oil was 32.02 ± 0.08%, comprising oleic (21.56 ± 0.57%), alpha-linolenic (16.28 ± 0.29%), and linoleic acid (10.02 ± 0.43%), whereas saturated fatty acid content was 33.38 ± 0.60% including palmitic (17.68 ± 0.65%) and stearic acid (14.15 ± 0.27%). A greater amount of unsaturated fatty acids (52.37%) were noticed compared to saturated fatty acids (33.38%); hence the seed is highly suitable for nutritional and industrial applications. Gamma-tocopherol was present in a higher quantity (39.27 ± 0.07 mg/100 g) as compared to alpha (12.64 ± 0.01 mg/100 g) and delta (3.77 ± 0.00 mg/100 g) tocopherols, which are considered as natural antioxidants. The spectrophotometric technique was used for quantitative analysis of total phenolic content, and it revealed 135.42 ± 1.47 mg gallic acid equivalent /100 g DW in seed cake. All the results of the studied seed oil and cake showed a good source of natural functional ingredients for several health benefits.

scholarly journals Heterologous Production of Dihomo-γ-Linolenic Acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (21) ◽  
pp. 6965-6971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Yazawa ◽  
Hitoshi Iwahashi ◽  
Yasushi Kamisaka ◽  
Kazuyoshi Kimura ◽  
Tsunehiro Aki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Medium Composition

ABSTRACT To make dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) (20:3n-6) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we introduced Kluyveromyces lactis Δ12 fatty acid desaturase, rat Δ6 fatty acid desaturase, and rat elongase genes. Because Fad2p is able to convert the endogenous oleic acid to linoleic acid, this allowed DGLA biosynthesis without the need to supply exogenous fatty acids on the media. Medium composition, cultivation temperature, and incubation time were examined to improve the yield of DGLA. Fatty acid content was increased by changing the medium from a standard synthetic dropout medium to a nitrogen-limited minimal medium (NSD). Production of DGLA was higher in the cells grown at 15�C than in those grown at 20�C, and no DGLA production was observed in the cells grown at 30�C. In NSD at 15�C, fatty acid content increased up until day 7 and decreased after day 10. When the cells were grown in NSD for 7 days at 15�C, the yield of DGLA reached 2.19 μg/mg of cells (dry weight) and the composition of DGLA to total fatty acids was 2.74%. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids in S. cerevisiae without supplying the exogenous fatty acids.

Fatty Acids Derived from Lipids of Marine Origin

1965 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1107-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Marine Origin

Fatty Acids in sea water were found in concentrations of 1–9 μg/litre and 1–30 μg/litre for the dissolved and particulate fractions, respectively. Little variations were observed with depth or along a profile from coastal waters out into the open ocean. The total dissolved fatty acid concentrations were 10 to 100 times lower than had been previously reported. The fatty acid content of surface sediments varied from 13 to 67 μg/g dry weight of sediment.Six species of marine phytoplanktonic algae, two zooplankton samples, and liver extracts from hake and whiting were analyzed for their fatty acid content. The algae showed individual patterns in the spectrum of fatty acids present. The zooplankton samples were similar to the hake and whiting liver extracts with respect to the ratios of palmitic to palmitoleic and stearic to oleic acids.

scholarly journals Breeding Strategy for Improvement of Omega-3 Fatty Acid through Conventional Breeding, Genetic Mapping, and Genomics in Soybean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnanand P. Kulkarni ◽  
Rupesh Tayade ◽  
Hyun Jo ◽  
Jong Tae Song ◽  
Jeong-Dong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Trans Fats ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Alternative Sources

Plant-derived omega (ω)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid is an essential fatty acid in human and animal diets and is a precursor of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, which exists as α-linolenic acid (ALA, ω-3) in plant oil. Several epidemiological studies have revealed the health benefits of regular consumption of ω-3 fatty acid-containing diets. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the major oil crops in the world and has around 8% ALA (ω-3) in seed oil. Soybean-derived ω-3 can be potential alternative sources of ω-3 fatty acids for populations living in countries with high risks of inadequate ω-3 intake. Therefore, increasing ω-3 concentration became an important goal in soybean breeding. Conversely, higher content of ω-3 fatty acids makes seed oil rancid, necessitating chemical hydrogenation, which generates trans fats. Since trans fats have been associated with the heart and other diseases, demand for soybeans with reduced ALA content is growing. In this book chapter, we described the importance of ω-3 fatty acid and consumption of diets with balanced ω-6/ω-3 ratio and discussed breeding and biotechnological means (and integrated approaches) for altering the ω-3 fatty acid content to avoid the need for chemical hydrogenation as well as to improve the ω-6/ω-3 ratio.

scholarly journals Influence of Harvest Intervals on Growth Responses and Fatty Acid Content of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea)

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond G. Mortley ◽  
Jun-Hyun Oh ◽  
Damicca S. Johnson ◽  
Conrad K. Bonsi ◽  
Walter A. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Harvest Intervals ◽  
Omega 6

A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the influence of harvest intervals on biomass yield and omega fatty acids of ‘Golden purslane’ (Portulaca oleracea). Nutrients were supplied as a modified full-strength Hoagland solution two to three times weekly. Plants were harvested sequentially at 20, 40, and 60 days after transplanting (DAT) corresponding to 42, 63, and 84 days after sowing. Fatty acids were determined using a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Harvest intervals significantly influenced foliage fresh and dry weight, leaf number and plant height, and root length and fresh weight and were greatest at 60 DAT. Fatty acid analysis verified the presence of myristate, palmitate, linoleate, and linolenate at 20 DAT and in all three harvests, whereas stearate and oleate were detected only in the last two harvests (40 and 60 DAT). Linoleate, palminate, and linolenate were the most abundant fatty acids in purslane with levels in excess of 300 mg·kg−1. Those for myristate, stearate, and oleate were in excess of 200 mg·kg−1. The ratio of omega-6/omega-3 ranged from 0.44 for Harvest 1 to 1.1 for Harvest 3, whereas ratios for harvest intervals two and three were equal to or greater than the recommended daily human requirement. Results showed qualitative and quantitative differences of harvest intervals of purslane, suggesting that an optimal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids can be achieved ≈20 DAT.

scholarly journals Effects of Grape Seed Oil Supplementation to Broilers Diets on Growth Performance, Meat Fatty Acids, Health Lipid Indices and Lipid Oxidation Parameters

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Raluca Paula Turcu ◽  
Tatiana Dumitra Panaite ◽  
Arabela Elena Untea ◽  
Petru Alexandru Vlaicu ◽  
Irinel Adriana Badea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Flaxseed Meal ◽  
Grape Seed Oil

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of grape seed oil (GSO) supplementation to broilers fed polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-enriched diets on growth performance, color, texture, fatty acid content and lipid peroxidation of meat. The 4-week feeding trial was conducted on 120 Cobb 500 broilers, assigned to three groups and housed in an experimental hall on permanent wood shaves litter. GSO was tested as source of natural antioxidants at different levels, 0% (GSO0, control), 1.5% (GSO1.5) and 3% (GSO3) in the presence of 4% flaxseed meal (FSM) in a completely randomized design. The results show that at the end of the experiment (42 days) the GSO supplementation had no effect (p < 0.05) on productivity parameters, except the final weight which was improved in GSO3 compared to GSO. The thigh meat color indicated a higher degree of lightness (p < 0.05), but the meat texture was not influenced (p < 0.05) by the new tested diets. The GSO diets increased (p < 0.05) the saturated fatty acid (SFA) content and decreased the PUFA content in the thigh meat. Thigh meat samples from GSO treatments had significantly (p < 0.05) improved oxidative stability. In the breast meat only the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) decreased (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the GSO significantly improved the thigh meat oxidative stability.

scholarly journals A comparative study on quality parameters of pumpkin, melon and sunflower oils during thermal treatment

OCL ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhana Petkova ◽  
Ginka Antova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Melon Seed ◽  
Sunflower Oils ◽  
Melon Seed Oil

Current paper reveals the impact of thermal treatment on the quality of two seed oils – pumpkin and melon compared to the quality of the most used oil – sunflower oil. Conventional and microwave heating were used for processing the oils. The duration of the thermal treatment was 9, 12 and 18 min for the conventional heating. The microwave heating was performed with two microwave powers of the equipment (600 W and 900 W) for 3, 6, 9 and 12 min. At every stage of the thermal processing were determined acid and peroxide value, the absorbance of the oils at 232 and 268 nm, tocopherol and fatty acid composition. It was observed that the degree of oxidation of the examined oils during microwave and conventional heating increased with the duration of the thermal process and the power of the microwaves. Also, the two methods of heating had a little impact on the processes leading to the formation of free fatty acids. Total tocopherols of the melon seed oil were more stable to thermal treatment. The amount of linoleic acid decreased in the pumpkin and sunflower oils during microwave treatment, while that of oleic and palmitic acid relatively increased. The biggest change in the fatty acid composition of both oils was found during microwave heating at 900W. The changes in fatty acid composition of thermally treated melon seed oil were insignificant. Overall, melon seed oil was observed to be more thermally stable than pumpkin and sunflower oils.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation and Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum on the Fatty Acid Profile of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Ewa Szpunar-Krok ◽  
Anna Wondołowska-Grabowska ◽  
Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro ◽  
Marta Jańczak-Pieniążek ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Soybean is a valuable protein and oilseed crop ranked among the most significant of the major crops. Field experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in South-East Poland. The influence of soybean cultivars (Aldana, Annushka), nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60 kg∙ha−1 N) and inoculation with B. japonicum (control, HiStick® Soy, Nitragina) on the content of fatty acids (FA) in soybean seeds was investigated in a three-factorial experiment. This study confirms the genetic determinants of fatty acid composition in soybean seeds and their differential accumulation levels for C16:0, C16:1, C18:1n9, C18:2, C18:3, and C20:0 as well saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids. Increasing the rate from 30 to 60 kg ha−1 N did not produce the expected changes, suggesting the use of only a “starter” rate of 30 kg ha−1 N. Inoculation of soybean seeds with a strain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (HiStick® Soy, BASF, Littlehampton, UK and Nitragina, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation–State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland) is recommended as it will cause a decrease in SFA and C16:0 acid levels. This is considered nutritionally beneficial as its contribution to total fatty acids determines the hypercholesterolemic index, and it is the third most accumulated fatty acid in soybean seeds. The interaction of cultivars and inoculation formulation on fatty acid content of soybean seeds was demonstrated. An increase in the value of C16:0 content resulted in a decrease in the accumulation of C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3 acids. The content of each decreased by almost one unit for every 1% increase in C16:0 content. The dominant effect of weather conditions on the FA profile and C18:2n6/C18:3n3 ratio was demonstrated. This suggests a need for further evaluation of the genetic progress of soybean cultivars with respect to fatty acid composition and content under varying habitat conditions.

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