scholarly journals Thermodynamic analysis and phase equilibria investigation in Pb−Zn−Ag system

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mitovski ◽  
Dragana Zivkovic ◽  
Dragan Manasijevic ◽  
Dusko Minic ◽  
Ljubisa Balanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Refining Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Primary Crystals

Physico-chemical processes that take place during the refining process in the extractive metallurgy of lead, are connected with ternary Pb?Zn?Ag system, which is necessary to study from the theoretical practical and aspects. Such investigation is important from production point of view, because of the phenomena that occur during desilvering of lead which is one of the important stages during lead refining process. Process of lead desilvering binds to ternary system Pb?Zn?Ag, which was the reason for numerous investigations, both from thermodynamic point of view and in terms of testing and determining the phase diagram, bearing in mind the theoretical, and practical importance of knowledge about the processes which are going in investigated system. The paper presents the results of thermodynamic analysis and investigation of phase equilibria of the Pb?Zn?Ag ternary system using the method of thermodynamic predictions and phase diagrams calculations, respectively, and the experimental results of metalography obtained by optical microscopy. Phase diagram of the vertical section Pb?Zn80Ag20 is presented, obtained by CALPHAD calculation methodology, and using PANDAT thermodynamic software, compared to experimental results obtained by DTA analysis. The results show a pronounced break in solubility, which is characteristic for the whole ternary Pb?Zn?Ag system. Also, it can be noticed that the thermodynamic properties follow the behavior of this system, which is expressed through positive deviation of Raoult?s law, pointing to the lack of lead affinity compared to the other two components in the system. The optical microscopy results of the investigated system show the following: - Sample L1 (weight% Pb = 98): the structure of the observed section shows double eutectic (Pbsol+Zn?Agsol) which lies in the base of the primary crystals of lead (Pbsol) - Samples L2?L5: the structure consists of a dual eutectic (Pbsol+Zn?Agsol) and primary crystals Zn?Agsol Also, it can be noticed certain structural inhomogenity, as a consequence of stratification that occurs in the ternary Pb?Zn?Ag system. However the metalography investigation results confirm the results obtained by defining the phase diagram and mutually agree relatively well in accordance with existing literature data.

scholarly journals Reassessment of the Binary Mn–Rh Phase Diagram and Experimental Investigations of the Ternary Bi–Mn–Rh System

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-298
Author(s):  
Peter Kainzbauer ◽  
Martin C. J. Marker ◽  
Klaus W. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Powder Xrd ◽  
Ferromagnetic Phase ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Phase Boundaries ◽  
Isothermal Sections

Abstract The binary manganese–rhodium (Mn–Rh) phase diagram was reinvestigated from 5 to 90 at.% Rh with focus on determining the transition temperature between the ordered γ′-Mn3Rh and the γ-Mn phase as well as the transition temperature between of the tetragonal and cubic MnRh phase and phase boundaries, applying XRD, DTA and SEM including EDX. A reassessment of the Mn–Rh phase diagram based on obtained and literature data is given. Furthermore, the phase equilibria of the ternary bismuth–manganese–rhodium (Bi–Mn–Rh) system were experimentally investigated, focusing on the possible existence of new ferromagnetic phases. Isothermal sections at 330 °C and 600 °C were studied applying powder XRD and EDX. The corresponding phase diagram was established based on these results. No additional ferromagnetic phase was found in the ternary system.

Thermodynamic analysis of phase equilibria in the Cr–Mo–B ternary system

Calphad ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Tojo ◽  
Tatsuya Tokunaga ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtani ◽  
Mitsuhiro Hasebe
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Analysis of Phase Equilibria in the Mn-Bi-Sb Ternary System

2014 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manami Uemitsu ◽  
Masanori Enoki ◽  
Satoshi Iikubo ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtani
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis

Titanium-Aluminide Alloys Between the Compositions Ti3 Al and TiAl

1988 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Mishurda ◽  
J. C. Lin ◽  
Y. A. Chang ◽  
J. H. Perepezko
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Titanium Aluminide ◽  
High Temperature Phase ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Temperature Phase ◽  
Titanium Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Gibbs Energies ◽  
Schottky Type

ABSTRACTMany questions still remain about the Ti-Al phase diagram, particularly for the compositions between the intermetallic compounds Ti3Al and TiAl. In an experimental study of the phase equilibria, titanium-aluminum alloys with 44, 46, 48, 50 at.% aluminum were produced by drop casting, HIP, and a double forging process method. Differential thermal analysis (DTA), optical metallography, and residual oxygen analysis were performed in order to characterize the low and high temperature phase equilibria of the alloys. The experimental results are compared with the calculated Ti-Al phase diagram which is being modeled concurrently. For the bcc, hcp and liquid phases, the Margules type of equations are used to represent the excess Gibbs energies. A maximum of six parameters are used for each of the phases. For the TiAl (Llo) and Ti3Al (D019 ) phases, the Wagner-Schottky type of equations are used to represent the Gibbs energies. All of the other phases are treated as line compounds. Values of the solution parameters were obtained by optimization using existing thermochemical and phase boundary data reported in the literature. The calculated results show that the high temperature hcp phase field is stable between approximately 34 at% Al, in equilibrium with β and α2 up to about 48 at% Al in equilibrium with γ and L and forms from the liquid by a peritectic reaction β+L-α. The experimental results obtained to date for the four alloys are consistent with the calculated equilibria which is being refined and also allows for an estimate of the metastable equilibria.

Phase Diagram Relationships in the Ternary System Ti-Ai-V

1990 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Paruchuri ◽  
T.B. Massalski
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Isothermal Section ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Liquidus Surface ◽  
Experimental Techniques

ABSTRACTLiquid-solid and solid state phase equilibria in the ternary system Ti-Al-V have been studied using a combination of several experimental techniques. A likely surface of primary seperation (i.e., the liquidus surface) is proposed in the form of the usual projection on the triangular base and the directions of the monovariant lines are defined. Four ternary invariant reactions have been identified in this system. Solid state equilibria have been determined at 900°C and are presented in the form of an isothermal section through the phase diagram. These are very similar to the relationships reported at 800°C by Hashimoto et al. [1].

Thermodynamic Analysis of the Fe-Mn-P Ternary Phase Diagram by Combining the First-Principles and CALPHAD Methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 1899-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tokunaga ◽  
N. Hanaya ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtani ◽  
Mitsuhiro Hasebe
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
The Enthalpy Of Formation

A thermodynamic analysis of the Fe-Mn-P ternary system has been carried out using the CALPHAD method. Among the three binary systems relevant to this ternary phase diagram, the thermodynamic parameters of the Mn-P binary system were evaluated in this study. The enthalpy of formation of the binary phosphides obtained from our first-principles calculations was utilized in the present analysis to compensate for the lack of available experimental data. The thermodynamic descriptions of the Fe-Mn and Fe-P binary systems were taken from previous studies. The phase equilibria in the Fe-Mn-P ternary system were analysed based on the experimental data on the phase boundaries. The calculated phase diagrams are in agreement with the experimental results.

Experimental Determination of Isothermal Section at 1050°C in the Fe-Nb-V Ternary System

2015 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Chang Jiang Liu ◽  
Qiu Juan Lv ◽  
Zhi Qing Guo ◽  
Yan Jiao Li ◽  
Jian Feng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Isothermal Section ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Electron Probe Microanalysis ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Microalloyed Steels

The phase equilibria in the Fe-Nb-V ternary system were investigated by means of optical microscopy, electron probe microanalysis. One isothermal section in the Fe-Nb-V ternary system at 1050 °C was firstly experimentally established. Present experimental results indicate that: (1) there is a large (Nb, V) continuous bcc solid solution; (2) there are the larger solubilities of V in the FeNb and Fe2Nb phases. The newly determined phase equilibria in this system will provide important support for the development of microalloyed steels.

Experimental Determination of Isothermal Section at 900°C in the Fe-Nb-V Ternary System

2013 ◽  
Vol 546 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Chang Jiang Liu ◽  
Yan Jiao Li ◽  
Zhi Qing Guo ◽  
Qiu Juan Lv ◽  
Fang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Isothermal Section ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Electron Probe Microanalysis ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Microalloyed Steels

The phase equilibria in the Fe-Nb-V ternary system were investigated by means of optical microscopy, electron probe microanalysis. One isothermal section in the Fe-Nb-V ternary system at 900 °C was firstly experimentally established. Present experimental results indicate that: (1) there is a large (Nb, V) continuous bcc solid solution; (2) there are the larger solubilities of V in the FeNb and Fe2Nb phases. The newly determined phase equilibria in this system will provide important support for the development of microalloyed steels.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Analysis of Phase Equilibria in the Fe–Nb–P Ternary System

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 947-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tokunaga ◽  
Naoko Hanaya ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtani ◽  
Mitsuhiro Hasebe
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Analysis of Phase Equilibria in the Nd-Fe-Cu Ternary System

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michitoshi Saeki ◽  
Yuji Horino ◽  
Luo Jinya ◽  
Masanori Enoki ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtani
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis
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