scholarly journals Hybrid seed production in detergent induced male sterile Helianthus annuus L.

Helia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (49) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Tripathi ◽  
K.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF A MALE-STERILE SYSTEM WITH A CLOSELY LINKED SEEDLING MARKER TO FACILITATE F1 HYBRID TOMATO SEED PRODUCTION

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1168e-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Tigchelaar
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
F1 Hybrid

The coupling phase linkages have been synthesized between the gene aw (without anthocyanin) and the male sterile gene ms15 (and its alleles ms26, ms47, and an Israeli source of male sterility). Less than 2 map units separate aw and ms15 on chromosome 2, providing a convenient seedling marker gene to rapidly identify male sterility for both inbred development and hybrid seed production. The seedling marker also provides a convenient marker to rapidly assess hybrid seed purity. Unique features of each of the alleles involved in male sterility and their use in inbred and hybrid development will be described.

scholarly journals First Report of Sorghum Ergot Caused by Claviceps africana in the United States

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Isakeit ◽  
G. N. Odvody ◽  
R. A. Shelby
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Production Region ◽  
Corpus Christi ◽  
Chromatography Analysis

In March 1997, ergot was found on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) regrowth in several abandoned commercial grain sorghum fields in Cameron and Hidalgo counties in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of Texas. White sphacelia in florets produced honeydew containing macrospores (hyaline, oblong to oval, 10 to 25 μm × 5 to 7 μm) and microspores (hyaline, spherical, 3 μm in diameter). Macrospores germinated iteratively to form secondary conidia when placed on water agar and in situ following rain. Secondary conidia were hyaline, pyriform, with a protruding hilum, and measured 10 to 17 μm × 5 to 7 μm. High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis detected the alkaloid di-hydroergosine in sphacelia, which is unique to C. africana (1). The pathogen was also confirmed on adjacent johnsongrass (S. halepense). The spread of ergot across Texas was associated with the progressive maturation of the commercial sorghum crop as follows: LRGV (mid-May), Coastal Bend near Corpus Christi (June), Winter Garden area southwest of San Antonio (July), and the seed production region of the Texas Panhandle (mid-August). Ergot incidence ranged from a trace to 10% of the heads in (self-fertile) grain sorghum fields of the LRGV. Most heads had only a few infected florets, but a few heads had 35 to 50% of the florets infected. Only trace amounts were found in grain sorghum fields in other areas of the state. Incidence and severity of ergot were greatest in fields of male-sterile sorghums grown for forage. Ergot was generally low in primary heads of male-sterile sorghums in hybrid seed production fields but, in the absence of pollen, axillary tillers sometimes developed high levels of ergot. The major impact of sorghum ergot is expected to be in hybrid seed production fields in the High Plains of Texas. Reference: (1) D. E. Frederickson et al. Mycol. Res. 95:1101, 1991.

Alfalfa leafcutting bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) pollination of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under isolation tents for hybrid seed production

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Soroka ◽  
D. W. Goerzen ◽  
K. C. Falk ◽  
K. E. Bett
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Megachile Rotundata ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Stocking Rates

In this 3-yr field study, the activities of alfalfa leafcutting bees (Megachile rotundata Fabricius) (LCB) at varying stocking levels were monitored in shade cloth isolation tents containing male-sterile and male-fertile rows of oilseed rape Brassica napus L. to determine optimum conditions for hybrid seed production. Bumble bees, Bombus impatiens Cresson, were similarly tested in 1 yr; their pollination activities were minimal, and weight of seed produced on female lines in tents containing bumble bees was similar to that in tents without pollinators. Leafcutting bee activity, as measured by the number of female bees at the entrance to tunnels in the hive, at first increased, then decreased with increasing stocking rate. Duration of time spent visiting flowers did not vary with stocking rate, but was longer on male-fertile than on male-sterile flowers. Production of hybrid seed within tents varied with leafcutting bee stocking rate, with the highest seed yield achieved at stocking rates equivalent to three charges at weekly intervals of 400 000 leafcutting bees per hectare. At optimum LCB stocking rates, the method described provided sufficient seed quantity for small-plot multi-location field evaluation of oilseed rape hybrids. Key words: Megachile rotundata, alfalfa leafcutting bee, Bombus impatiens, Brassica napus, oilseed rape, hybrid seed production, isolation tents

DISTANCE FROM POLLEN SOURCE AND YIELDS OF MALE STERILE SUNFLOWER AND SORGHUM

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT G. ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Sterile Seed ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Efficient production of hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) seed requires a minimum but adequate proportion of the land for pollinator rows and that the male sterile and pollinator rows accommodate production machinery. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of distance from pollen source on male sterile seed yield and if presently used ratios of male sterile to pollinator rows could be increased without reduction in seed yield of the male sterile parent from the land area occupied by both parents. Seed was harvested from male sterile rows located from 1 (76 cm) to 40 (30 m) rows from the pollen source. Correlations and regression analyses showed that yield per row declined linearly with distance from the pollinator rows. However, yield of the male sterile parent per hectare of area occupied by both parents was increased by including up to at least six male sterile and two pollinator rows per strip. Male sterile to pollinator row ratios of 12:1 for sunflower and 7:1 for grain sorghum did not differ significantly from the commonly used 3:1 ratio in yield of male sterile parent per hectare of area occupied by both parents.Key words: Helianthus annuus L., Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, hybrid seed production, plant breeding

scholarly journals Identification and Confirmation of RAPD and SCAR Markers Linked to the ms-3 Gene Controlling Male Sterility in Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Kevin M. Crosby ◽  
Rongfeng Huang ◽  
T. Erik Mirkov
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Scar Marker ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
The Cross

Male sterility is an important trait of melon in F1 hybrid seed production. Molecular markers linked to a male-sterile gene would be useful in transferring male sterility into fertile melon cultivars and breeding lines. However, markers linked to the ms-3 gene for male sterility present in melon have not been reported. Our objectives were to identify randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to the ms-3 gene controlling male sterility using bulked segregant analysis in an F2 population from the melon cross of line ms-3 (male-sterile) × `TAM Dulce' (male-fertile), convert the most tightly linked RAPD marker to the ms-3 gene into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker based on a specific forward and reverse 20-mer primer pair, and confirm the linkage of the RAPD and SCAR markers with the ms-3 gene in an F2 population from the cross of line ms-3 × `Mission' (male-fertile). A single recessive gene controlling male sterility was found in F2 individuals and confirmed in F3 families. Two RAPD markers that displayed an amplified DNA fragment in the male-sterile bulk were detected to be linked to the ms-3 gene in the F2 population from the cross of line ms-3 × `TAM Dulce'. RAPD marker OAM08.650 was closely linked to the ms-3 gene at 2.1 cM. SCAR marker SOAM08.644 was developed on the basis of the specific primer pair designed from the sequence of the RAPD marker OAM08.650. The linked RAPD and SCAR markers were confirmed in the F2 population from the cross of line ms-3 × `Mission' to be consistently linked to the ms-3 gene at 5.2 cM. These markers were also present in 22 heterozygous fertile F1 plants having the ms-3 gene. The RAPD and SCAR markers linked to the ms-3 gene identified, and confirmed here could be utilized for backcrossing of male sterility into elite melon cultivars and lines for use as parents for F1 hybrid seed production.

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