scholarly journals Nectar production in species of the Genus galanthus L. (Amaryllidaceae) from Serbia

2014 ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Filip Jovanovic ◽  
Dragica Obratov-Petkovic ◽  
Marina Macukanovic-Jocic
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
Nectar Secretion ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Daily Amount ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Flower Ontogeny

As a contribution to the study of the melliferous flora of Serbia, nectar production in two species of the genus Galanthus L. (G. nivalis L., and G. elwesii Hook.) was investigated. The intensity of nectar secretion was determined directly, using the microcapillary method. The study included determination of the total daily nectar amount per flower, and an analysis of nectar secretion dynamics during the day and during the flower ontogeny. The results show that the total daily amount of nectar per flower is low, and flowers of both species exude nectar only once during the day and during the flower ontogeny. However, despite the low nectar production, Galanthus species represent a first valuable source of nectar and pollen to pollinators in the early spring period, when only a small number of species are in the flowering phenophase.

scholarly journals Seasonal shifts in export of DOC and nutrients from burned and unburned peatland-rich catchments, Northwest Territories, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4455-4472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katheryn Burd ◽  
Suzanne E. Tank ◽  
Nicole Dion ◽  
William L. Quinton ◽  
Christopher Spence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Permafrost Region ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Discontinuous Permafrost ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Spring Freshet

Abstract. Boreal peatlands are major catchment sources of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nutrients and thus strongly regulate the landscape carbon balance, aquatic food webs, and downstream water quality. Climate change is likely to influence catchment solute yield directly through climatic controls on run-off generation, but also indirectly through altered disturbance regimes. In this study we monitored water chemistry from early spring until fall at the outlets of a 321 km2 catchment that burned 3 years prior to the study and a 134 km2 undisturbed catchment. Both catchments were located in the discontinuous permafrost zone of boreal western Canada and had  ∼  60 % peatland cover. The two catchments had strong similarities in the timing of DOC and nutrient yields, but a few differences were consistent with anticipated effects of wildfire based on peatland porewater analysis. The 4-week spring period, particularly the rising limb of the spring freshet, was crucial for accurate characterization of the seasonal solute yield from both catchments. The spring period was responsible for  ∼  65 % of the seasonal DOC and nitrogen and for  ∼  85 % of the phosphorous yield. The rising limb of the spring freshet was associated with high phosphorous concentrations and DOC of distinctly high aromaticity and molecular weight. Shifts in stream DOC concentrations and aromaticity outside the early spring period were consistent with shifts in relative streamflow contribution from precipitation-like water in the spring to mineral soil groundwater in the summer, with consistent relative contributions from organic soil porewater. Radiocarbon content (14C) of DOC at the outlets was modern throughout May to September (fraction modern carbon, fM: 0.99–1.05) but likely reflected a mix of aged DOC, e.g. porewater DOC from permafrost (fM: 0.65–0.85) and non-permafrost peatlands (fM: 0.95–1.00), with modern bomb-influenced DOC, e.g. DOC leached from forest litter (fM: 1.05–1.10). The burned catchment had significantly increased total phosphorous (TP) yield and also had greater DOC yield during summer which was characterized by a greater contribution from aged DOC. Overall, however, our results suggest that DOC composition and yield from peatland-rich catchments in the discontinuous permafrost region likely is more sensitive to climate change through impacts on run-off generation rather than through altered fire regimes.

scholarly journals DIPTEROCARPACEAE INVENTORY AT KETAMBE RESEARCH STATION, GUNUNG LEUSER NATIONAL PARK

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. S83-S85
Author(s):  
Essy Harnelly ◽  
Iqbar . ◽  
Fauziah . ◽  
Agus Sara ◽  
Nir Fathiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Sampling Plot

This research was about Dipterocarpaceae inventory at Ketambe Research Station, Gunung Leuser National Park. The research was done on July 2015. Determination of sampling plot was using purposive sampling. The parameter observed was species as well as number of species. The result showed that there were 5 species of Dipterocarpaceae found in the sampling plot. All the species found were belongs to tribe of Shoreae namely; Shorea johorensis, Shorea parvifolia, Hopea dryobalanoides, Shorea lepidota, and Parashorea lucida.Key words: Dipterocarpaceae, inventory, Gunung Leuser National Park

Effect of herb-clover mixes of plantain and chicory on yearling lamb production in the early spring period

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Somasiri ◽  
P. R. Kenyon ◽  
P. D. Kemp ◽  
P. C. H. Morel ◽  
S. T. Morris
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Alternative Feed ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Feed Source

Lamb production was evaluated in three herbage treatments (Pasture mix, Plantain mix and Chicory mix) in two consecutive early spring periods. The hypothesis was that the Plantain and Chicory mixes would produce greater weaned lamb liveweight gains than the Pasture mix. The lambs were rotationally grazed weekly in the herbage treatments and weighed fortnightly and carcass data collected at slaughter. Both Plantain and Chicory mixes produced heavier (P < 0.05) carcasses at slaughter (21.1 ± 0.11, 21.8 ± 0.11 and 22.3 ± 0.38 in Experiment 1 followed by 18.1 ± 0.17, 20.3 ± 0.17 and 19.7 ± 0.17 in Experiment 2 for the Pasture, Plantain and Chicory mixes, respectively). Lambs had greater (P < 0.05) liveweight gains and dressing-out percentages in Experiment 2 (39.5 ± 0.29, 41.4 ± 0.29 and 41.3 ± 0.29 for the Pasture, Plantain and Chicory mixes, respectively), than the Pasture mix in the early spring period. Therefore, these herb-clover mixes could be an alternative feed source in the early spring period compared with ryegrass/white clover pastures for finishing lambs.

scholarly journals Karadeniz Sahil Kuşağında Yağlık Kolza (Brassica napus L.,) Bitkisinin Çiçeklenme Fenolojisi, Çiçek Sayısı, Nektar ve Polen Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1407
Author(s):  
Necda Çankaya ◽  
Ulviye Kumova
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Second Year

This research was carried out in 2011 and 2012 in order to determine the flowering phenology, number of flowers, nectar and pollen potential in the Samsun province of the oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), which is widely used in agriculture in our country. In the first year of the study (2011), it was determined that the rapeseed plant was in flower for 44 days, there were 2.694 flowers per plant, 1.89 kg/da nectar per day and 1330 kg/da pollen production. In the second year of the research (2012), it was revealed that the rapeseed plant was in flower for 39 days, there were 701 plants/flower in the plant, 0.38 kg/da nectar secreted daily and 331.57 kg/da pollen. According to the results of two years, the yield of rapeseed was found to be 41.5 days, the daily nectar production was 0.23 mg/flower/day, the nectar dry matter level was 20.25% and the pollen production was 0.48 mg/flower/day. In Samsun province, it was determined that rapeseed plants flowered before the flowering of many plants in the vicinity in the early spring, and provided honey bees, Apis mellifera L., and many other honey bees, nectar and pollen. It has been demonstrated that the cultivation of rapeseed is cultivated in the early spring, and it can be a convenient source of food for honey bees and other dusty insects.

scholarly journals La familia Bromeliaceae en México

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfo Espejo-Serna ◽  
Ana Rosa López-Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Botanical Collection

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Bromeliaceae family in Mexico has been the object of interest by botanists since 1789; their systematic study was approached from the 1970s onwards, and now there are significant advances in its taxonomic-floristic knowledge.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Question: </strong>How many and which species of Bromeliaceae occur in Mexico? How they are distributed, and how many are endemic?</p><p><strong>Study site</strong>: México, 1887-2017.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: Based on the study of the Mexican Bromeliaceae, including botanical collection, literature review, and revision, analysis and determination of specimens in 50 herbaria, data about species richness, Mexican endemics, and distribution of their taxa in the country, were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: In Mexico are represented four of the eight subfamilies of Bromeliaceae, 19 genera, 422 species, and 8 infraespecific taxa. The genera with the highest number of species in the country are <em>Tillandsia </em>(230/54.5 %), <em>Hechtia</em> (71/16.8 %) and Pitcairnia (50/11.8 %). 318 of the Bromeliaceae species are endemics to Mexico, as well as <em>Ursulaea</em> and <em>Viridantha</em> genera<em>; </em>172 species are microendemic. The entity with the highest number of taxa is Oaxaca, followed by Chiapas, Veracruz and Guerrero. Tlaxcala and Baja California Sur have the lowest species number. Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Ciudad de México, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tabasco y Tlaxcala have not strict endemic taxa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Although progress in the knowledge of Mexican Bromeliaceae has been constant, exploration and recollection work is still required before concluding the Mexican bromeliad flora. It is also necessary to promote studies considering aspects of conservation and sustainable use.</p>

scholarly journals Composition and Density of Gastropode in Mangrove Habitat of Banyuurip, Ujung Pangkah - Gresik

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Eka Nur Arifianti ◽  
Husain Latuconsina ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Mangrove Habitat ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Systematic Sampling Method ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

Gastropods are one of the biota that live in association with mangrove habitat. This study aims to compare the species composition and structure of the gastropod community in different mangrove habitats. This research was conducted in Banyuurip Mangrove Center (BMC), Ujung Pangkah-Gresik during July-August 2020. Determination of the observation station purposively based on physical differences in mangrove habitat. Estimation of mangrove and gastrode density by systematic sampling method using belt transects. There were 12 mangrove species with the highest number of species in the coastal mangrove habitat, with the highest species composition and density of Avicennia marina. The highest mangrove density was found in coastal mangrove habitats for all criteria. The number of gastropods found were 2,171 specimens belonging to 15 species, 5 families and 5 orders. The highest number of species, families and orders in coastal mangrove habitat were 1,191 specimens, 11 species from 5 families and 5 orders, the lowest was in estuarine mangrove habitat as many as 980 specimens from 9 species, 2 families and 2 orders. Densities of gastropods differ between mangrove habitats, with the highest density in coastal mangrove habitats and the lowest in estuarine mangrove habitats. The composition and density of the highest gastropods species in the estuary mangrove habitat is Cassidula aurisfelis and in the coastal mangrove habitat is Pirenella cingulata. The importance of conservation and rehabilitation efforts for mangroves that have been degraded to support the gastropods associated in it.

Rewards 2: The Biology of Nectar

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Willmer
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nectar Secretion ◽  
Water Reward ◽  
Floral Nectar ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Nectar Volume ◽  
Floral Reward ◽  
Nectar Concentration

This chapter examines the biology of nectar, the main secondary floral reward in an evolutionary sense. As a commodity, nectar is easy for plants to produce and easy for animals to handle; its sugars are simple to metabolize and thus to use as a readily available fuel for an animal’s activities. Nectar is a crucial factor in determining the interactions of flowers and their visitors. The chapter first provides an overview of how floral nectar is produced in a nectary before discussing nectar secretion, the chemical composition of nectar, and nectar volume. It then considers nectar concentration and viscosity, nectar as a sugar and energy reward, and nectar as a water reward. It also explores daily, seasonal, and phylogenetic patterns of nectar production, how flowers control their nectar and their pollinators, and problems in measuring and quantifying nectar. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the costs of nectar gathering.

Impacts of freeze-thaw processes and subsequent runoff on 137Cs washoff from bareland in Fukushima

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori Igarashi ◽  
Yuichi Onda ◽  
Yoshifumi Wakiyama ◽  
Kazuya Yoshimura ◽  
Hiroaki Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Rill Erosion ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Unstable Surface ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;The impact of freeze-thaw processes and subsequent runoff affecting the &lt;sup&gt;137&lt;/sup&gt;Cs flux and concentration in sediment discharge were revealed in bareland erosion plot following the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident by detailed monitoring and laser scanner measurement on the soil surface. We found that surface topographic changes due to the frost-heaving during the winter-spring period, and rill formation during the summer. We also found the evident seasonal changes in &lt;sup&gt;137&lt;/sup&gt;Cs concentration; high during the early spring and gradually decreased thereafter, then surface runoff from the plot frequently occurred during spring and autumn when rainfall was high and reached a maximum in summer. From these results, the higher &lt;sup&gt;137&lt;/sup&gt;Cs concentration in spring was caused by a mixture of unstable surface sediment following freeze-thaw processes and then transported in the early spring, but erosion amount is not significant because of the less rainfall event. The sediment with a lower &lt;sup&gt;137&lt;/sup&gt;Cs concentration, which was supplied from the rill erosion and its expansion, was wash-offed during the summer, contributing most of the flux from erosion in bareland in Fukushima region. In case, &amp;#160;heavy rainfall occurs in the early spring, caution is required because high concentrations of cesium may flow down into the river.&lt;/p&gt;

Cyclical Changes in the Distribution of the Testis Lipids of a Teleost Fish, Esox lucius

1957 ◽  
Vol s3-98 (41) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
B. LOFTS ◽  
A. J. MARSHALL
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Size ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Length Of Day ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Rhythmical Activity ◽  
Gradual Disappearance

A study of the cyclical changes in the distribution of testis lipids in the pike reveals a sequence of events comparable with that occurring in seasonal birds. These events include the post-nuptial appearance of cholesterol-positive lipid material which accumulates within the seminiferous lobules, and its subsequent gradual disappearance. A lipid cycle occurs also in the lobule walls, where apparently fibroblasts, in the absence of a true secretory interstitium, become glandular and probably take on an endocrine function. These ‘lobule boundary cells’ seasonally accumulate cholesterol-positive cytoplasmic lipids which suddenly become depleted at the time of the annual pre-spawning assembly. The pike differs from wild birds in the ‘timing’ of such rhythmical activity. In birds, despite a rapid post-nuptial interstitial regeneration, the tubule cholesterol lingers until spermatogenesis begins during the following late winter or spring. In the poikilothermous pike, on the other hand, the next spermatogenesis begins almost immediately (in June, when the temperature of the water is still rising). It continues without interruption while the length of day and later the temperature decrease, until the testis reaches its maximum size in December. ‘Lobule boundary cells’ start to become lipoidal in September, at a time of high temperature but decreasing day-length. The cells are fully charged by December. Both tubules and gland-cells now become inactive. Then in April at the spring period of increasing day-length, and immediately a iter water temperature starts to rise, the boundary cells begin to secrete and the prespawning assembly occurs. This is followed by the shedding of spermatozoa later in the month or early in May. The only period of true inactivity is at the height of spermatogenesis during mid-winter and early spring.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document