scholarly journals Influence of different environmental conditions and giberellic acid treatment on flowering time of divergent genotypes of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) and their F1 hybrids

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1263-1279
Author(s):  
Sladjan Adzic ◽  
Zdenka Girek ◽  
Suzana Pavlovic ◽  
Bogoljub Zecevic ◽  
Jelena Damnjanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Relative Expression ◽  
Quantitative Expression ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Giberellic Acid ◽  
Flowering Process

In the process of cabbage breeding and seed production, one of the most important characteristics is the time of flowering. In order to investigate the influence of genotype, season and term of sowing on the flowering process, as well as the genetic control of this trait, an experiment was conducted with three genotypes of cabbage N, B and Scc of different geographical origin and different vegetation length, as well as three new F1 hybrids N x Scc , B x Scc and B x N obtained by hybridization between genotypes. The experiment was conducted during three temperature different seasons S1, S2 and S3 (average cold, cold and warm seasons), in three different sowing terms: August 15 (I), September 1 (II) and September 15 (III). During the winter period favorable for vernalization, two treatments with 300 ppm GA3 were performed. A statistically significant influence of all examined factors: genotype, year, sowing term and gibberellin GA3 treatment, on flowering time was determined. AMMI analysis determined the degree of adaptability of genotypes depending on the growing season, sowing terms and GA3 treatment for the trait time of flowering. The highest stability based on ASV values for flowering time was shown by hybrid BxN and its parental component genotypes B and N, while the hybrid Scc x B proved to be the most unstable in terms of flowering time. The pattern of relative expression of the most important flower repressor BoFLC2 gene showed a certain correlation with the flowering time of genotypes. The lowest quantitative expression of this gene was found in genotype B and it had the earliest flowering in all seasons, while genotype N had the highest relative expression of the BoFLC2 locus and the latest flowering.

scholarly journals Effect of plant density on stem and flower quality of single-stem ornamental sunflower genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Emina Mladenović ◽  
Sandra Cvejić ◽  
Siniša Jocić ◽  
Nemanja Ćuk ◽  
Jelena Čukanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Flower Quality

The aim of this research was to determine the optimum planting density for the production of high-quality cut flowers with desirable characteristics. 25 single-stem ornamental sunflower genotypes were planted at different densities and evaluated for flowering time, flower diameter, and stem circumference and length over a two-year production cycle. Three spacing patterns were used: 25 × 25 cm, 30 × 30 cm, and 70 × 30 cm, which led to the planting densities of 160 000, 90 000, and 60 000 plants/ha, respectively. The plant density had the most important effect on the stem circumference, flower diameter, and stem length (total variation 52, 60, and 58%, AMMI analysis) and a small effect on the flowering time (total variation 1%, AMMI analysis). Based on environment-focused scaling, all high-density environments could be suitable for the production of single-stem sunflower genotypes. The results demonstrated the adaptation of several sunflower genotypes G9, G11, G12, G21, and G22 as the most suitable based on the optimum flower diameter, stem circumference, and stem length. These results may lead to progress in growing ornamental sunflowers as a cut flower.

scholarly journals Owls as bioindicators: their spatial and temporal aspects in Eastern Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Arthur Askeyev ◽  
Oleg Askeyev ◽  
Igor Askeyev
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Large Geographic Area ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Term Data

Abstract The article presents the unique results of a study of the spatial distribution of owls in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan by season of the year on long-term data. Ravkin’s transect method was used to census fixed randomly selected plots spread over a large geographic area. Abundance a lot of species of owls strong changed of different seasons of the year. In general, owls were indifferent to latitudinal, longitudinal, and altitude gradients in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, especially in winter and autumn periods. Probability of occurrences of boreal and pygmy owls can be used as indicators of the biological diversity of forest ecosystems in winter period.

scholarly journals Inheritance of the performance and its constituents by common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) hybrids and lines

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
O. Dupliak ◽  
O. Barban ◽  
M. Pysarets
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Check Variety

Purpose. To study the inheritance nature and polymorphism of the performance as well as the traits determining it in intervariety hybrids of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and to identify promising genotypes and lines for further practical breeding. Material and methods. The intraspecies F1–F6 hybrid common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) combinations derived from crosses of varieties of different eco-geographical origin (Mavka/CDC Camino, Belko/CDC Rosalee and Mavka/Niger Wally) were studied. The study object was the performance and suitability for mechanized harvesting as well as traits that determine them. The breeding was conducted according to the full breeding design. We conducted multiple individual selections, starting with F2. We used experimental-field and laboratory-analytical methods and statistical processing of data on a PC. Results and discussion. The degree of phenotypic dominance of the plant height in F1 hybrids varied 9.4 to –1.75, of the performance and its constituents – 2.7 to – 1.5. The frequency of probable transgressions in F2 was within 16.5–32.0 and 0–14.7%, respectively, with a coefficient of variation ranging 17.5% to 61.9%. The index traits were less variable. In the F3 Mavka/CDC Camino the share of performance-positive transgressions was 50.0%; in the F3 Belko/CDC Rosalee it was 12.0% related to the number of transgressive forms in F2. In the F4 Mavka/CDC Camino, it increased to 66.1%. 57.1% of the F5–F6 breeding lines gave higher yields than that from check variety Pervomaiska. In 64.3% of the breeding lines, the yield stability exceeded 70%; 39.2% of the accessions were better (81.4–97.1%) than the check variety (76.5%). Conclusions. Intravariety hybridization was proved to be an effective method for the crop breeding. It is recommended to select idiotypes from hybrid populations from crossing forms have contrasting traits, starting with F3; it is advisable to use the harvest index as a selection criterion

A GRAPE VARIETIES RESISTANCE TO LOW WINTER TEMPERATURES

1970 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
N. I. Nen'ko ◽  
G. K. Kiseleva ◽  
I. A. Il'ina ◽  
N. M. Zaporozhets ◽  
V. V. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Adaptive Reaction

In the conditions of frequently repeated in recent years, temperature fluctuations in the Anao-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region, where the main areas of grape plantings are concentrated, the resistance issues of grapes to low temperatures of the winter period are particularly relevant, since sharp differences in the air temperature in the autumn-winter period contribute to the decrease in winter resistance Grape vines. The article presents the results of the assessment of physiological biochemical changes, which are a fundamental adaptive reaction of plants associated with the frost resistance of grapes of various ecological and geographical origin: Dostoyny, Krasnostop, Kristall, Vostorg, Aligote, Zarif.  As a result of research in grape varieties, Krasnostop, Crystal, Vostorg was revealed to maximize kidney hydrogen decreased (by 11.7-15.3%) and increased accumulation of water-soluble sugars (at 2.67-3.29 times) in comparison with other studied varieties, What speaks of their larger resistance to low temperatures.  The variety of the Vostorg was discovered an increase in the content of proline by 40.5 times, indicating its active participation in the formation of a protective response to low temperatures. In all studied grape varieties have a closer connection between the kidney hydrogen and the content of soluble sugars in the core than with the content of the proline. Of all varieties, the waters of the grape vines, the content of soluble sugars and proline, the varieties of the Krasnostop, Crystal, Vostorg are allocated as the most resistant to low temperatures in the conditions of the Anao Taman zone of the Krasnodar Territory, which makes it possible to conclude the possibility of their use in the selection process in  quality sources of frost resistance.

STUDY OF PINE STRAWBERRY FROST RESISTANCE BY ARTIFICIAL FREEZING METHOD

1970 ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Z E. Ozherelyeva ◽  
M. I. Zubkova ◽  
D. A. Krivushina
Keyword(s):  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Apical Buds ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Artificial Freezing ◽  
Main Components

The study of the frost resistance was carried out in 2017–2019 on the basis of the Laboratory of Physiology of Fruit Plant Resistance, Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding. Strawberry cultivars of different ecological and geographical origin (‘Kokinskaya Rannia’, ‘Rosinka’, ‘Solovushka’, ‘Tzaritza’, ‘Urozhaynaya TzGL’ – Russia; ‘Sara’ – Sweden; ‘Alba’, ‘Marmolada’ – Italy; ‘Korona’, ‘Sonata’ – Holland) were used as experimental material. The frosts resistance of strawberry varieties was studied in the laboratory conditions was used by artificial freezing. A model of strawberry plant selection was developed to determine the main components of winter hardiness. On the basis of preparation of plant samples for modeling of damaging factors of the winter period, storage conditions of experimental plants were developed. Plant hardening and modeling of damaging factors of the winter period were carried out with the additional modification for strawberries. As a result of the artificial freezing, the damage to the tissues of rhizome and apical buds of shoots of strawberry varieties of different ecological and geographical origin were evaluated in early winter period and during thaws in winter. It was determined that the decrease in the temperature to -15°C at the end of November did not cause irreversible damage to the strawberry varieties. The decrease in the temperature to -20°C in early December increased the damage to the studied strawberry varieties. During the winter it was determined that the strawberry response to the thaw increased by the end of the winter period. The decrease in frost resistance is primarily due to the resumption of growth processes under the influence of positive temperatures. As a result of determining the components of winter hardiness, the varieties Solovushaka, Tzaritza (Russia), Sara (Sweden) and Korona (Holland) showed the greatest potential of frost resistance.

scholarly journals The influence of seasonal factors on the content of keratoses, free internal lipids, and physical characteristics of sheep wool

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Tkachuk ◽  
P. V. Stapay ◽  
N. R. Motko
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Unesterified Cholesterol ◽  
Seasonal Factors ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sheep Wool

Wool formation is a complex and multifaceted process, which depend on a lot of factors, namely genetic, alimentary, animal maintenance conditions, including seasonal factors’ impact. Seasonal weather changes or so-called photoperiodism, changing the retention and feeding regimes by periods of the year, highly correlate with the physiological state of the organism of the sheep and influence the growth and quality of the wool. Given this the purpose of our work was to investigate the impact of the season on the macrostructure, chemical composition and physical properties of wool. For the research wool of ewe breed precos was used, the samples of which were taken in different seasons, in particular winter, spring, summer and autumn periods of animal maintenance. In the wool there were determined the contents of keratoses and free internal lipids, as well as the strength of the fibers at the break. It was established that wool that grew in the winter and spring period contains the largest amount of protein macro- and microfiber, i.e. alpha keratosis. Instead, with the onset of summer and until autumn the amount of this fraction decreased by an average of 2%. A similar trend was observed on the part of beta keratosis, however, these changes were less significant and did not exceed one percent. It has been established that the content of gamma keratosis, i.e. matrix of fiber, is on the highest level in summer and spring periods, that is, the periods of the best alimentary provision of animals. In the pasture period in the sheep wool there is the biggest amount of free internal lipids (1.1%). In the autumn period, their number begins to decrease gradually and the lowest one is recorded in the winter-stool period (0.9%). The most distinct seasonal changes among these lipids are fixed by cholesterol factions. In particular, the largest number of unesterified cholesterol is contained in the wool of winter growth – 67.2%. With the onset of spring the amount of this fraction decreases up to 62.3% (Р < 0.01) and the trend continues in the summer (61.6%, Р < 0.001) and autumn (60.8%, Р < 0.01) periods. Regarding unesterified cholesterol, there is a diametrically opposite picture of changes. It was established that the strength of the wool of the summer-autumn growth period is bigger by 12%, in comparison with the wool that grew in the winter-stool period. It is shown that there is a positive correlation between the strength of fibers and the content of ceramides in them, which in the winter period was 0.923, in the spring one was 0.989, for summer it was 0.827, in autumn it was 0.786.

scholarly journals Vitamin D, Testosterone, and Thyroid Status in Young Men at Different Seasons

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Bondarenko ◽  
Olga Goncharova ◽  
Andriy Minukhin ◽  
Evgeniy Skornyakov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
General Group ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Different Seasons

There are evidences that seasonal fluctuations in vitamin D levels coincide with annual rhythms of testosterone levels, and hypothyroidism may be a predictor of hypoandrogenism. The aim of the study was to establish the levels of vitamin D (vit. D), testosterone (T), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (T4f) in young people with pathospermia and normospermia in the spring-summer and autumn-winter periods. Materials and methods. The data of 58 men aged 23-44 years, who are in a sterile marriage, were analyzed: 24 were examined in the spring-summer period, 34 - in the autumn-winter period. BMI, levels of T, TSH, T4fandvit. Dwere investigated. Results. In the general group of men, the frequency of D - hypovitaminosis was higher in those examined in the autumn-winter period. Vit D levels were significantly lower with pathospermia than with normospermia. BMI did not significantly affect the level of vit.D in the blood.A direct correlation between vit. D and T in men with patho- and normospermiahas not been established, although such a correlation took place in the general group of the surveyed. The average TSH values ​​in the group examined in the spring-summer period did not significantly differ in the group with patho- and normospermia, and in those examined in the autumn-winter period, against the background of pathospermia, there was a decrease in T4f values ​​and an increase in TSH. 13.6% of this subgroup had laboratory signs of subclinical hypothyroidism. Conclusions: In men of the general group, without taking into account the state of the spermatogenic function of the testicles, examined in the autumn-winter period, there is a significant increase in the frequency of D-hypovitaminosis compared with a similar group of men in whom the level of vitamin D blood was determined in the spring-summer period. Regardless of the examination period, patients with pathospermia show a decrease in the average levels of vitamin D and testosterone compared to men with normal semen parameters. The frequency of vitamin D deficiency in patients with pathospermia significantly increases in the autumn-winter period. Disorders of spermatogenesis in men can be associated with the hypofunctional state of the thyroid gland against the background of the existing deficiency of vitamin D in the autumn-winter period.

scholarly journals Resistance of raspberry caltivars to temperature stress factors of the winter period

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
S. N. Evdokimenko ◽  
F. F. Sazonov ◽  
A. A. Danilova ◽  
M. A. Podgaetsky ◽  
N. V. Mironova
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
High Field ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

The results of researches of winter hardiness cultivars and selected forms of raspberry in the field and laboratory conditions have been presented. The study was conducted in FSBSI All-Russia STIHNG and its Kokino Base Station (Bryansk region). The objects of research were 20 cultivars and 10 selected forms of raspberry of various genetic-geographical origin. The main purpose of the work was to study the resistance of cultivars and selected forms of raspberry to temperature stress factors of the winter period and the identification of the most winter-hardy genotypes. As a result, it was established that the cultivars Peresvet, Balzam, Beglyanka, Rubin Bryanski and nine selected forms showed high field winter hardiness. When modeling damaging winter factors, it was revealed, that the cultivars Gusar, Lazarevskaya, Volnitsa, Meteor and selected forms 32-16-1, 1-15-1, 1-2-2, 6-12-2 well tolerated frost-35C in the middle of winter. The cultivars Gusar, Meteor, Volnitsa and selected forms 32-16-1, 1-4-2, 1-15-1, 1-2-2, 2-12-1 distinguished by reliable resistance to component III of winter hardiness. Among the studied raspberry assortment, the genotypes with a high level of bud resistance to IV component of winter hardiness were not revealed.

scholarly journals WINTER HARDINESS OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS Allium L. IN THE MOSCOW REGION, DEPENDING ON THE SEVERITY OF THE WINTER PERIOD

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
A. V. Soldatenko ◽  
М. I. Ivanova ◽  
A. F. Bukharov ◽  
A. I. Kashleva ◽  
D. N. Baleyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Winter Severity

In the Moscow region, for a long-term species of bows in winter, a complex of limiting factors determines their winter hardiness. To characterize the period from November to March 2014-2017. The winter severity index (Woz) was calculated on a scale from 0 to 10 points (0 very soft, 10 very severe). The severity of winter in 2014-2015 was 2.91 points, 20152016 3.14 points, 2016-2017 4.75 points. The average percentage of overwintered plants for each sample was determined by the ratio of the number of living plants to the number of dead. Many varieties of welch onion were not sufficiently winter-hardy, including Red, Snowdrop, Russian size, Handsome, April, Russian winter. Stable high 100% winter hardiness showed a variety of welch onion Green feathers. From the studied 71 species and 194 samples of bows of perennial different ecological and geographical origin under the conditions of the Moscow region in the subgenus Amerallium plants A. neapolitanum Cirillo (Molium section) and A. ursinum L. (section Arctoprasum), and also in the subgenus Nectaroscordum A. bulgaricum plants (Janka) Prodбn (section Nectaroscordum (Lindl.) Gren. & Godr.) in the winter of 2014-2015 died completely. Winter in 2016-2017 years in the subgenus Rhizirideum, section Rhizirideum G. Don ex Koch A. senescens L. plants overwintered 75%, A. nutans L. – 90-95% depending on the sample, A. stellarianum Willd. 15 %. In subgenus Melanocrommyum, section Melanocrommyum Webb & Berthel. s.s. plants A. cyrillii Ten. overwintered 75%. In the subgenus Butomissa, sections Butomissa (Salisb.) Kamelin plants Allium odorum L. overwintered 86-93% depending on the sample. In the subgenus Cepa, the section Schoenoprasum Dum. plants A. ledebourianum Schult. & Schult. f. overwintered 75%. The remaining species overwintered 100%.

scholarly journals Seasonal periodicity of melatonin exchange and hormonal status of pregnant women in dependence on fetus sex

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
T. L. Botasheva ◽  
A. V. Khloponina ◽  
V. V. Vasil'eva ◽  
O. P. Zavodnov ◽  
L. V. Kaushanskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Seasonal Periodicity ◽  
Female Fetus ◽  
Systemic Signaling ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Melatonin Production

Objective:to study melatonin metabolism and hormonal status of pregnant women in different seasons of the year, depending on the sex of the fetus. Materials and methods:538 women were examined at the time of physiological gestation of 37-40 weeks. The first group — 286 pregnant women with female fetuses and the second group — 254 pregnant with male fetuses. Estimation of the hormonal status included the determination of the level of cortisol, estradiol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, progesterone, testosterone in the blood and melatonin in the urine of pregnant women.Results:the level of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin in the morning urine, regardless of the sex of the fetus, was higher in the seasons of the year with the predominance of the dark time of the day. Absolute levels of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin in urine in all women in 37-40 weeks of gestation were the lowest in the light-saturated summer and spring months of the year, while in the winter period its parameters were maximal. Melatonin production was statistically significantly higher in pregnant women with female fetuses during the fall and winter periods of the year. Regardless of the time of the year, in pregnant women with female fetuses, the absolute levels of estradiol and progesterone were higher than in the case of the male fetus. The highest values in the case of the female fetus were noted in the spring. Testosterone production was significantly higher in pregnant women with male fetuses mainly in the spring season. Stress resistance of pregnant women was higher in the summer months. Depending on the “sex of the fetus” factor, stress hormones in the summer had the highest values in pregnant women with male fetuses.Conclusions:the sex of the fetus is a significant factor affecting the seasonal variability of melatonin production, sexual and stress hormones in pregnant women due to the formation of the specificity of the systemic signaling between the maternal and the fetal organism in the dynamics of pregnancy.

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