scholarly journals Investigation of the energy efficiency of horizontally mounted solar module soiled with CaCo3

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Radonjic ◽  
Tomislav Pavlovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
The Impact

Soiling is a term used to describe the deposition of dust (dirt) on solar modules, which reduces the amount of solar radiation reaching the solar cells. Deposition of dust on solar modules can make the operation of the entire PV system - more difficult and, therefore, lead to the generation of less electric energy. Soiling of solar modules also influences solar modules parameters (short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, maximum power, fill factor and efficiency). This paper presents the results of the investigation on the impact different quantities of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) deposition have on the energy efficiency of horizontally mounted solar modules. The short-circuit current, power and efficiency decrease with increasing the mass of CaCO3 deposited on the horizontally mounted solar module. The open-circuit voltage and fill factor very slightly increase with increasing the mass of CaCO3 deposited on the horizontally mounted solar module. Upon soiling with 1 g of calcium carbonate, the solar module efficiency decreased by 4.6% in relation to the clean solar module, upon soiling with 2 g of calcium carbonate it decreased by 6.0%, and upon soiling with 3 g of calcium carbonate it decreased by 12.9% in relation to the clean solar module. It can be concluded that the power and energy efficiency of the solar module decrease due to the increased amount of calcium carbonate.

scholarly journals The absorber and buffer layer thicknesses for CdTe/CdS based thin film solar cell efficiency at various operational temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Omar Ghanim Ghazal ◽  
Ahmed Waleed Kasim ◽  
Nabeel Zuhair Tawfeeq
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Window Layer ◽  
The Impact

Cadmium telluride (CdTe)/cadmium sulfide (CdS) solar cell is a promising candidate for photovoltaic (PV) energy production, as fabrication costs are compared by silicon wafers. We include an analysis of CdTe/CdS solar cells while optimizing structural parameters. Solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS)-1D 3.3 software is used to analyze and develop energy-efficient. The impact of operating thermal efficiency on solar cells is highlighted in this article to explore the temperature dependence. PV parameters were calculated in the different absorber, buffer, and window layer thicknesses (CdTe, CdS, and SnO2). The effect of the thicknesses of the layers, and the fundamental characteristics of open-circuit voltage, fill factor, short circuit current, and solar energy conversion efficiency were studied. The results showed the thickness of the absorber and buffer layers could be optimized. The temperature had a major impact on the CdTe/CdS solar cells as well. The optimized solar cell has an efficiency performance of >14% when exposed to the AM1.5 G spectrum. CdTe 3000 nm, CdS 50 nm, SnO2 500 nm, and (at) T 300k were the I-V characteristics gave the best conversion open circuit voltage (Voc)=0.8317 volts, short circuit current density (Jsc)=23.15 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF)%=77.48, and efficiency (η)%=14.73. The results can be used to provide important guidance for future work on multi-junction solar cell design.

The Impact of Porphyrin Meso-Position Steric Effect on Porphyrin Density on TiO2 Surface of DSSC

2013 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zeng ◽  
Bao Zhang ◽  
Xiu Jun Liu ◽  
Xiao Peng ◽  
Shu Xian Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fill Factor ◽  
Steric Effect ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Meso Position ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

We have synthesized three novel porphyrin-based sensitizers, in which different substituents were introduced to meso- position. The relationship between meso- substituent and cell performance was investigated. We find porphyrin density could be a key point that affect cell device performance. The highest cell performance was obtained with 4-trans-vinyl- (2'-(5',10',15',20'-tetra (4''-isobutylphenyl) porphyrinato zinc(II))yl) benzoic acid, a short circuit photocurrent density of 10.25 mA cm-2 , an open –circuit voltage of 0.74 V, a fill factor of 68%, and a power conversion efficiency of 5.15% under standard AM 1.5 sunlight.

Simulation of InAIN/Si Single-Heterojunction Solar Cells Using wxAMPS

2014 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Huang ◽  
Xiao Ming Shen ◽  
Xiao Feng Wei
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Indium Content ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cells ◽  
Si Solar Cells

In this paper, InAlN/Si single-heterojunction solar cells have been theoretically simulated based on wxAMPS software. The photovoltaic parameters, such as open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor and conversion efficiency were investigated with changing the indium content and thickness of n-InAlN layer. Simulation results show that the optimum efficiency of InAlN/Si solar cells is 23.1% under AM 1.5G spectral illuminations, with the indium content and thickness of n-InAlN layer are 0.65 and 600nm, respectively. The simulation would contribute to design and fabricate high efficiency InAlN/Si solar cells in experiment.

Novel Linear and Hyperbranched Polythiophene Derivatives Containing Diketopyrrolopyrroles as Linking Groups

2015 ◽  
Vol 1771 ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Sheng-Hsiung Yang ◽  
Chia-Hao Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Photovoltaic Properties ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Active Layers ◽  
Film State

ABSTRACTThe goal of this research is to synthesize novel linear and hyperbranched polythiophene derivatives containing diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) as linking groups, and to investigate thermal, optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of those derivatives. Polymers with high regioregularity were synthesized via the Universal Grignard metathesis polymerization. Those linear or hyperbranched polythiophenes containing DPP bridging moieties showed higher molecular weights and better thermal stability compared with normal P3HT. The UV-vis absorption spectra of the DPP-containing polymers are similar to that of P3HT in film state, while they show distinct attenuation in fluorescent emission. Finally, all polymers were blended with PC61BM and used as active layers for fabrication of inverted solar devices. The devices based on those DPP-containing polythiophenes revealed the open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.55–0.58 V, the short-circuit current (JSC) of 8.62–16.21 mA/cm2, the fill factor (FF) of 36–41%, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.73–3.74%.

scholarly journals Features of model thin-film solar cells photoelectric characteristics based on a non-toxic multi-component connection CuZn2AlS4

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-250
Author(s):  
D. Sergeyev ◽  
K. Shunkeyev ◽  
B. Kuatov ◽  
N. Zhanturina
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Current Voltage

In this paper, the features of the characteristics of model thin-film solar cells based on the non-toxic multicomponent compound CuZn2AlS4 (CZAS) are considered. The main parameters (open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, fill factor, efficiency) and characteristics (quantum efficiency, current-voltage characteristic) of thin-film solar cells based on CZAS have been determined. The minimum optimal thickness of the CZAS absorber is found (1-1.25 microns). Deterioration of the performance of solar cells with an increase in operating temperature (280-400 K) is shown. It is revealed that in the wavelength range of 390-500 nm CZAS has a high external quantum efficiency, which allows its use in designs of multi-junction solar cells designed to absorb solar radiation in the specified range. It is shown that the combination of CZAS films with a buffer layer of non-toxic ZnS increases the performance of solar cells.

scholarly journals A Study on the Effects of Selenization Temperature on the Properties of Na-Doped Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Thin Film and Its Correlation with the Performance of Solar Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2434
Author(s):  
Zhanwu Wang ◽  
Dongyue Jiang ◽  
Fancong Zeng ◽  
Yingrui Sui
Keyword(s):  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Post Annealing ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Selenization Temperature

In this study, we prepared Na-doped Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 [noted as (Na0.1Cu0.9)2ZnSn(S,Se)4] films on the Mo substrate using a simple and cheap sol–gel method together with the post-annealing technique. The effects of selenization temperature on the properties of Na-doped Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 were surveyed. The results indicated that some sulfur atoms in the films were substituted by selenium atoms by increasing the selenization temperature, and all films selenized at different temperatures had a kesterite structure. As the selenization temperature increased from 520 to 560 °C, the band gaps of the film can be tuned from 1.03 to 1 eV. The film with better morphology and opto-electrical properties can be obtained at an intermediate selenization temperature range (e.g., 540 °C), which had the lowest resistivity of 47.7 Ω cm, Hall mobility of 4.63 × 10−1 cm2/Vs, and carrier concentration of 2.93 × 1017 cm−3. Finally, the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.82% was achieved with an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 338 mV, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 27.16 mA/cm2 and a fill factor (FF) of 52.59% when the selenization temperature was 540 °C.

Light-induced Open-circuit Voltage Increase in Amorphous Silicon/Microcrystalline Silicon Tandem Solar Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Zhang ◽  
Guanghong Wang ◽  
Shengzhi Xu ◽  
Shaozhen Xiong ◽  
Xinhua Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Microcrystalline Silicon ◽  
Tandem Solar Cells ◽  
Bottom Cell ◽  
Limited Current

ABSTRACTLight-induced metastability of amorphous/microcrystalline (micromorph) silicon tandem solar cell, in which the microcrystalline bottom cell was deposited in a single-chamber system, has been studied under a white light for more than 1000 hours. Two different light-induced metastable behaviors were observed. The first type was the conventional light-induced degradation, where the open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and short-circuit current density (Jsc) were degraded, hence the efficiency was degraded as well. This phenomenon was observed mainly in the tandem cells with a bottom cell limited current mismatch. The second type was with a light-induced increase in Voc, which sometimes resulted in an increase in efficiency. The second type of light-induced metastability was observed in the tandem cells with a top cell limited current mismatch. The possible mechanisms for these phenomena are discussed.

scholarly journals Promising Shadow Masking Technique for the Deposition of High-Efficiency Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells Using Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawtar Belrhiti Alaoui ◽  
Saida Laalioui ◽  
Badr Ikken ◽  
Abdelkader Outzourhit
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit

In this work, a detailed description of the various steps involved in the fabrication of high-efficiency hydrogenated amorphous-silicon cells using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and a novel shadow masking technique is presented. The influence of the different masking methods on the cell parameters was experimentally investigated. Particularly, the short-circuit current density (Jsc), the fill factor, the open circuit voltage (Voc), and the resistive losses indicated by the shunt (Rsh) and series (Rs) resistances were measured in order to assess the performance of the cells as a function of the masks used during the cell fabrication process. The results indicate that the use of a masking technique where the p-i-n structure was first deposited over the whole surface of a 20 cm2 × 20 cm2 substrate, followed by the deposition, deposits the back contact through a metal mask, and by the ultrasonic soldering of indium to access the front contact is a good alternative to laser scribing in the laboratory scale. Indeed, a record efficiency of 8.8%, with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 15.6 mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.8 V, and a fill factor of 66.07% and low resistive losses were obtained by this technique. Furthermore, a spectroscopic ellipsometry investigation of the uniformity of the film properties (thickness, band gap, and refractive index) on large-area substrates, which is crucial to mini-module fabrication on a single substrate and for heterojunction development, was performed using the optimal cell deposition recipes. It was found that the relative variations of the band gap, thickness, and refractive index n are less than 1% suggesting that the samples are uniform over the 20 cm2 × 20 cm2 substrate area used in this work.

Simultaneous Enhancement of Open-Circuit Voltage, Short-Circuit Current Density, and Fill Factor in Polymer Solar Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (40) ◽  
pp. 4636-4643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhicai He ◽  
Chengmei Zhong ◽  
Xun Huang ◽  
Wai-Yeung Wong ◽  
Hongbin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Open Circuit
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