scholarly journals The routes of digitalization: A runaway city?

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Miodrag Ralevic ◽  
Tatjana Mrdjenovic ◽  
Ruzica Bozovic ◽  
Esad Muminovic
Keyword(s):  
Virtual World ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
City Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
On Line ◽  
The City ◽  
Being Moved

We live in informatics society in which we are slowly, but certainly, reaching new limits of digitalization mainly using communication between people through different ICT networks: mobile phones, Facebook, social networks, etc. Today, entire Earth, regions, cities, settlements, etc. can be observed through Google. Data bases of every living person is being formed using possibilities to ?track? every individual in space and time. Flows of financial capital are also being digitalized: individuals by using credit cards, on/line transactions, etc. and in banking systems global on-line transactions. Everyday goods such as food, clothing, etc. can be ordered through portals on the internet. Even various study courses and schools are being organized via internet. The real world (space, people, money, knowledge) are digitally being moved into virtual space. Here arises the question: To which space dimension is this process of digitalization taking us? This main research question will lead the paper discussion opening basic dilemmas: (1) Will real life slowly move to virtual world? (2) Is the dematerialization of spatial and urban systems reaching its limits? (3) Shall and what kind of usage we will have for virtual world? Especially in relation to city development, including the possibilities of estimating developmental options as well as in perceiving the effects of certain decisions in real life. The main goal of the paper is to give answers to above disposed questions as well as to prove the thesis that we have a great range of influence and possibilities on the new meaning of urban development that is transforming into digital sphere, claiming that we will not have a runaway digital city, but the opposite: the city which digitalization will give a new meaning and possibilities for its re/creation.

scholarly journals Developing a conceptual model for the relationship between rituals and the city based on the Theory of Sense of Place: the case of the historical texture of Gorgan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Livani ◽  
Hamidreza Saremi ◽  
Mojtaba Rafieian
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Data Coding ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Oriented Approach

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate how the city is influenced by the ritual of Muharram. The main research question is: what is the relationship between the city and the ritual of Muharram? To answer this question, we examined different intangible layers of this ritual heritage. This study is based on the three components of the sense of place. The research method is qualitative and a context-oriented approach is adopted. The context of the study is the historical texture of the city of Gorgan, Iran. The data were collected through library research and immediate observation. Next, content analysis and data coding were used to obtain a set of thematic categories. The results suggest that, as a kind of ritual-social behavior, the ritual of Muharram has had remarkable, enduring effects on the city over centuries. The non-urban-development dimension has thus allowed for the formation of sense of place in the relationship between people and the urban environment through a different process.

scholarly journals The Flâneuse in the Virtual City: Exploring "Lost Angeles"

1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zena Bibler
Keyword(s):  
Virtual World ◽  
The Body ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Primary Mode ◽  
Virtual City ◽  
Kinesthetic Information ◽  
The City

In this essay, I contemplate the role of video gamer as flâneur in Lost Angeles, a three-hour video work by Lee Tusman that captures the wanderings of gamer Derm McGuigan within the virtual world of Los Santos. With the help of Lena Hammergren’s “The re-turn of the flâneuse” I will consider how the video, originally conceived of as a project of “virtual flânerie,” might fall more accurately under the domain of the flâneuse, who uses the kinesthetic as a way to enter previously inaccessible spaces. As McGuigan moves his avatar through Los Santos, he integrates stimuli from the game with his own physical memories, indexing a series of other places and times as he goes. Lost Angeles also complicates the concept of the flâneuse through the presence of the avatar, who serves as the primary mode of navigation, but also offers kinesthetic information to the player. These relationships become more intricately entangled with the entrance of an additional set of spectators that watch McGuigan and his avatar via a live stream. Through this aggregation of wanderers, the flâneuse becomes unstable and multiplies, producing numerous other embodied relationships with the city of Los Santos and the body of the avatar [Which begs the question: Who and where is the flâneuse?] In this essay, I hope to demonstrate how, the proposal of Lost Angeles (to broadcast the wanderings of an expert gamer in a virtual space) collides with the structure of Grand Theft Auto (which invites the player into an ambiguous inside-and-outside location within Los Santos) and produces not one flâneur, but numerous flâneuses who traverse the virtual city via kinesthetic association with the avatar’s movements.

The Third Culture

2017 ◽  
pp. 318-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Cheng (Sandrine) Han
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Real World ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Third Culture ◽  
The Real ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The Third ◽  
Culture Education

The purpose of this research is to improve the understanding of how users of online virtual worlds learn and/or relearn ‘culture' through the use of visual components. The goal of this research is to understand if culturally and historically authentic imagery is necessary for users to understand the virtual world; how virtual world residents form and reform their virtual culture; and whether the visual culture in the virtual world is imported from the real world, colonized by any dominate culture, or assimilated into a new culture. The main research question is: Is the authenticity of cultural imagery important to virtual world residents? This research investigates whether visual culture awareness can help students develop a better understanding of visual culture in the real world, and whether this awareness can help educators construct better curricula and pedagogy for visual culture education.

scholarly journals ENSURING SUCCESS IN THE FLIPPED CLASSROOM WHEN TEACHING ON- LINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie J. Myers ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Student Understanding ◽  
Factual Knowledge ◽  
Deep Foundation ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Working Together ◽  
P 16 ◽  
On Line

As teaching moved on-line we had to rethink and readjust what approaches to use in order to reach the outcomes. Adjustments had to be made to the designed activities especially when groups had to meet in breakout rooms. We will present the various aspects that came under scrutiny, as for example, peripheral participation, the development of mini-communities of practice, cooperation, collaboration and mediation. We analyzed instructor’s journal notes and students’ products. There were 53 students in the classes concerned. The main research question is what was effective in making participants improve learning and how did the implementation increase their understanding of working together virtually. The method used is qualitative (Creswell, & Poth, 2018). The instructor took observational notes of processes and actions during planned activities. These notes were analyzed to uncover insights. In addition, student ‘products’ of group work were analyzed for the triangulation of results. Results show that the effort put into creating more engagement in the module brought about a number of interesting results that increased student understanding. Overall, findings show that participants reiterate expectations and summarize them, the repetition allowed a better grasp and this could also be due to the fact that during the reconversion, participants had to make sure they really understood the contents, i.e. ensuring that the meanings were clear which, in turn led to a better intake of specific features. As regards working together, several issues were identified, yet overall, all students were highly successful, due mostly to a supportive approach as regards feedback or a ‘feed-through’ approach. The theoretical underpinnings came from research on learning and pointed to the requirement of additional insights on the part of instructors especially when teaching has to take into account equity, diversity, inclusion and indigenization (EDII). Instruction had to be more connected to students’ lives. Bransford et al (2000) assert that “to develop competence in an area of inquiry, students must: a) have a deep foundation of factual knowledge, b) understand facts and ideas in the context of a conceptual framework, and c) organize knowledge in ways that facilitate retrieval and application” (p. 16).

scholarly journals A Systemic Approach to City Image Building. The Case of Katowice City

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Adamus-Matuszyńska ◽  
Jerzy Michnik ◽  
Grzegorz Polok
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
City Image ◽  
City Development ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
Causal Mapping ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Image Building ◽  
The City

Making long-term decisions and developing successful policy is always a challenge for a governing body. Within the framework of causal mapping, we evolved a model for the problem of creating and reinforcing a city’s image. Then, the model was enhanced into a quantitative form and processed with a novel approach: the extended form of the Weighted Influence Non-linear Gauge System (WINGS). A real-life case study of the city of Katowice showed that the presented approach can be helpful for city authorities. It reinforces the understanding of the problem, facilitates choosing policy options, and supports sustainable city development.

Operating as a Social Enterprise within Resource and Institutional Constraints

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ismail ◽  
Brendon Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Organizational Models ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Main Research ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Economic Constraints

Abstract This study explores questions around the abilities of social enterprises (SEs) to obtain market-based revenues in the context of a middle-income country with significant institutional and economic constraints (Egypt). Our main research question focuses on analyzing the reasons why SEs in this context are unable to obtain their desired level of market-based revenues. Through the analysis of 22 SEs with some degree of a mixed revenue model, we draw three major conclusions that contribute to both academic theory and SE practice: (a) the importance of investing in new cohorts of SE employees, (b) ways to increase SEs’ ability to respond to institutional barriers, and (c) the promotion of adaptive organizational models able to respond to changing external conditions. The study makes several contributions to the literature. Most importantly, it seeks to add findings to discussion around how SEs operate within constraints by providing real-life empirical data from a context that faces significant institutional and resource barriers. It adds to the current literature by offering insights on organizational capacity, institutions, legitimacy, and adaptability that can be applied to other countries with similar socio-economic contexts. Methodologically, it also makes an effort to move beyond biases of studying only successful SEs, to offer micro-level qualitative analysis of SEs, and to hear unique and potentially alternative perspectives to academic narratives rooted in concept and theory by better understanding how social entrepreneurs themselves perceive their own work and practices.

scholarly journals Drama in Education and Its Influence on Adolescents’ Empathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
George Mardas ◽  
Kostas Magos
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Drama In Education ◽  
Educational Drama ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Present Case Study

Drama in education can trigger feelings and provoke thoughts in the school classroom. Children are invited to use their minds and senses and get in touch with their emotions. The participants, who get engaged in such an endeavour, undergo a transformation by impersonating different characters, fictional or real-life and come up with a variety of solutions to problems in a fictional framework. Through this process the students’ empathy could be developed. The present case study using qualitative research techniques analyzes the outcome of a practical implementation through drama in a Greek Secondary School. The main research question was whether and to what extent educational drama can influence in a positive way middle adolescents’ empathy. The research findings showed that the use of drama supported the participants to realize the importance of a specific social situation, and helped them grasp the difference between cognitive and emotional empathy.

scholarly journals The Use of Location Specific Advertisements on Facebook: Can they Help Entrepreneurs Solve Problems Associated with Banner Advertisements

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Frank Martin
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Brand Recall ◽  
The Social ◽  
Banner Advertisements ◽  
On Line ◽  
Set Up

This study is set up to assess the relationship between advertising based on location and effectiveness of banner ads on social networking sites. The main research question is: Is location-specific advertising more likely to overcome the problems associated with banner advertisements than non-location specific advertising on the social networking site Facebook? The research took an explanatory approach establishing causal links between the selected variables. An on-line attitudinal survey was issued to Facebook users and their responses were analyzed through quantitative statistical techniques to test the hypotheses and observe significant correlations. The conclusions drawn from the results show that Facebook is a highly used medium mostly for social purposes. However, the site users generally do not find advertisements placed on the site effective. The results also suggest that location-specific advertisements could improve consumer perceptions of effectiveness through increased relevancy and could also help increase responsiveness but only at a basic level, which includes awareness and brand recall.

scholarly journals There are no language switching costs when codeswitching is frequent

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Adamou ◽  
Xingjia Rachel Shen
Keyword(s):  
Switching Costs ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Language Switching ◽  
Verb Morphology ◽  
Main Research ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Cost

Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: There is ongoing discussion as to the cost of language switching, with some studies indicating high cost and others showing low or no cost. The main research question in this paper is whether there are language switching costs in communities in which codeswitching is frequent. Design/Methodology/Approach: We conducted two on-line experiments, that is, a picture choice with sentence auditory stimuli and a word recognition task in sentence context. We constructed 16 sentences with differing degrees of ecological validity (16 sentences × 4 versions = 64). The sentences included verbs with different language preferences in natural conversations (first language (L1), second language (L2) or both). Data and Analysis: Thirty-seven simultaneous L1-Romani L2-Turkish bilinguals participated in Experiment 1 and 49 in Experiment 2. To analyse the results, linear mixed models (lmer) were constructed using the ‘lme4’ package in R. Findings/Conclusions: In Experiment 1, participants responded significantly faster for the all-Turkish sentences, followed by the mixed Romani-Turkish sentences, and the two types of ecologically non-valid sentences. However, there were no processing costs for the mixed sentences when they contained Turkish verbs that are more frequently used in Turkish in the spontaneous conversations. In Experiment 2, reaction times were similar for Turkish verbs (with Turkish verb morphology) in a mixed Romani-Turkish or a unilingual Turkish sentence. Originality: Taken together, these findings indicate that language switching costs in comprehension depend on the frequency of codeswitching in the bilingual community, as well as on exposure to specific lexical items. Significance/Implications: The Romani-Turkish data support a usage-based approach to bilingual processing and confirm the need to conduct experimental research that takes into account the communicational habits of the participants.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL PROSPECTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT WITHIN DROHOBYCH URBOSYSTEM

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Oksana Terletska ◽  
Lesya Kushnir ◽  
Tatiana Perig
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
City Development ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
The City

Goal. To reveal peculiarities of formation of ecological prospects of tourism development within Drohobych urban system. Method. The study used analytical, comparative-geographical, cartographic and synthetic methods. Results. The prospect of this territory for ecological tourism in urban systems is shown - since it is characterized by the location within the satisfactory ecological state of forest landscapes, accessibility for all types of tourist groups, developed infrastructure and the presence of environmental problems, which often need immediate solution. Thus, territories such as the Drohobych Urbosystem create the prerequisites for obtaining aesthetic preferences, cognitive bases, as well as environmentally oriented knowledge in the implementation of tourist routes. In general, “branding” of cities in the development of the tourism industry is a multifactorial phenomenon, which depends on its natural, historical and architectural attractiveness as well as on its ecological status, which acts as an ecological basis and general ecological background. (a necessary background that creates a natural environment beyond which it is impossible to consider the ecological effect of anthropogenic impact aimed at providing comfortable environmental conditions (natural conditions that affect life, health, production and non-productive activities of people) for tourists. That is, the environmental safety of an urban environment is a condition of a certain section of a city that eliminates harmful effects or its threat, its inhabitants and visitors, created by anthropogenic or natural influences, correspond to the formation of a natural and cultural environment that is consistent with sanitary, aesthetic and material needs. [7] Scientific novelty is the development of theoretical, methodological and medical principles for the identification of tourist regions as an object of study, the identification of their specific features and patterns of functioning. Assessment of the environmental safety of the environment of tourist attractive urban areas should be a mandatory component of the city's brand, which is developed with the aim of obtaining the following results: improving the socio-economic and cultural development of the city; development of all forms of business in the city; tourism development; promotion of investment activity; participation in national and regional development programs; participation in international cooperation programs. The practical importance lies in substantiation of the mechanisms of formation and implementation of the strategy of development

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