scholarly journals Normal extensions of a first order differential operator

Filomat ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-923
Author(s):  
Z.I. Ismailov ◽  
M. Sertbaş ◽  
B.Ö. Güler
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Hilbert Spaces ◽  
Nonlocal Boundary ◽  
Order Differential Operator ◽  
Scalar Case ◽  
Minimal Operator ◽  
First Order ◽  
Direct Sum ◽  
Fixed Order ◽  
Selfadjoint Extensions

In the paper of W.N. Everitt and A. Zettl [26] in scalar case, all selfadjoint extensions of the minimal operator generated by Lagrange-symmetric any order quasi-differential expression with equal deficiency indexes in terms of boundary conditions are described by Glazman-Krein-Naimark method for regular and singular cases in the direct sum of corresponding Hilbert spaces of functions. In this work, by using the method of Calkin-Gorbachuk theory all normal extensions of the minimal operator generated by fixed order linear singular multipoint differential expression l = (l-, l1,... ln, l+), l-+ = d/dt + A-+, lk = d/dt + Ak where the coefficients A-+, Ak are selfadjoint operator in separable Hilbert spaces H-+, Hk, k= 1,..., n, n ? N respectively, are researched in the direct sum of Hilbert spaces of vector-functions L2(H_, (-? a))? L2(H1, (a1, b1)) ?...? L2(Hn, (an, bn)) ? L2(H+, (b,+?)) -? < a < a1 < b1 < . .. < an < bn < b < +?. Moreover, the structure of the spectrum of normal extensions is investigated. Note that in the works of A. Ashyralyev and O. Gercek [2, 3] the mixed order multipoint nonlocal boundary value problem for parabolic-elliptic equation is studied in weighed H?lder space in regular case.

25.—Spectrum of a Third-order Differential Operator with Large Coefficients

1975 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
K. Unsworth
Keyword(s):  
Differential Operator ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Real Axis ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Order Differential Operator ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Minimal Operator ◽  
The Third ◽  
Entire Real Axis

SynopsisThis paper sets out to study the spectrum of self-adjoint extensions of the minimal operator associated with the third-order formally symmetric differential expression. The technique employed is the method of singular sequences. Sufficient conditions are established on the coefficients of the differential expression in order that the spectrum should cover the entire real axis. Particular cases in which the coefficients behave roughly as powers of x as the magnitude of x becomes large are then considered, and certain conclusions are drawn regarding the spectra under different restrictions on these powers of x.

Reducibility of differential operators some: examples

1979 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fishel ◽  
N. Denkel
Keyword(s):  
Differential Operator ◽  
Differential Operators ◽  
Volterra Operator ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Differential Operator ◽  
Order Operator ◽  
Minimal Operator ◽  
Deficiency Indices ◽  
First Order ◽  
Symmetric Operators

A symmetric operator on a Hilbert space, with deficiency indices (m; m) has self-adjoint extensions. These are ‘highly reducible’. The original operator may be irreducible, (see example (i), below). Can the mechanism whereby reducibility is achieved be understood? The concrete examples most readily studied are those associated with differential operators. It is easy to obtain operators, associated with a formal linear differential operator, having deficiency indices (m; m). What of reducibility? Nothing seems to be known. In the case of the first-order operator we were able, using the Volterra operator, to establish irreducibility of the associated minimal operator. To investigate symmetric operators associated with a second-order differential operator, different methods had to be developed. They apply also to the first-order operator, and we employ them to demonstrate the irreducibility of the associated minimal operator. In the second-order case the minimal operator proves reducible, and we also exhibit examples of reducibility of associated symmetric operators. It would clearly be of interest to elucidate the influence of the boundary conditions on reducibility.

scholarly journals Light-cone distribution amplitudes of light mesons with QED effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Beneke ◽  
Philipp Böer ◽  
Jan-Niklas Toelstede ◽  
K. Keri Vos
Keyword(s):  
Light Cone ◽  
Electromagnetic Coupling ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Expansion ◽  
Group Evolution ◽  
Fixed Order ◽  
Light Mesons ◽  
Charged Mesons ◽  
Qed Effects ◽  
Exclusive Processes

Abstract We discuss the generalization of the leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitude for light mesons including QED effects. This generalization was introduced to describe virtual collinear photon exchanges at the strong-interaction scale ΛQCD in the factorization of QED effects in non-leptonic B-meson decays. In this paper we study the renormalization group evolution of this non-perturbative function. For charged mesons, in particular, this exhibits qualitative differences with respect to the well-known scale evolution in QCD only, especially regarding the endpoint-behaviour. We analytically solve the evolution equation to first order in the electromagnetic coupling αem, which resums large logarithms in QCD on top of a fixed-order expansion in αem. We further provide numerical estimates for QED corrections to Gegenbauer coefficients as well as inverse moments relevant to (QED-generalized) factorization theorems for hard exclusive processes.

On Axiomatizability of Non-Commutative Lp-Spaces

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-534
Author(s):  
C. Ward Henson ◽  
Yves Raynaud ◽  
Andrew Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Spaces ◽  
Normed Space ◽  
The Other ◽  
Space Structures ◽  
Operator Spaces ◽  
Infinite Dimensions ◽  
Schatten Classes ◽  
Lp Spaces ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Language

AbstractIt is shown that Schatten p-classes of operators between Hilbert spaces of different (infinite) dimensions have ultrapowers which are (completely) isometric to non-commutative Lp-spaces. On the other hand, these Schatten classes are not themselves isomorphic to non-commutative Lp spaces. As a consequence, the class of non-commutative Lp-spaces is not axiomatizable in the first-order language developed by Henson and Iovino for normed space structures, neither in the signature of Banach spaces, nor in that of operator spaces. Other examples of the same phenomenon are presented that belong to the class of corners of non-commutative Lp-spaces. For p = 1 this last class, which is the same as the class of preduals of ternary rings of operators, is itself axiomatizable in the signature of operator spaces.

First Order Operators on Manifolds With a Group Action

1996 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Fegan ◽  
B. Steer
Keyword(s):  
Differential Operator ◽  
Group Action ◽  
Lie Group ◽  
Differential Operators ◽  
Order Differential Operator ◽  
Compact Lie Group ◽  
First Order ◽  
Rank 2 ◽  
Homogeneous Operators

AbstractWe investigate questions of spectral symmetry for certain first order differential operators acting on sections of bundles over manifolds which have a group action. We show that if the manifold is in fact a group we have simple spectral symmetry for all homogeneous operators. Furthermore if the manifold is not necessarily a group but has a compact Lie group of rank 2 or greater acting on it by isometries with discrete isotropy groups, and let D be a split invariant elliptic first order differential operator, then D has equivariant spectral symmetry.

scholarly journals Spectrum of a Differential Operator with Periodic Generalized Potential

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sahin ◽  
Manaf Dzh. Manafov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Operator ◽  
Infinite Number ◽  
Periodic Potential ◽  
Generalized Functions ◽  
Order Differential Operator ◽  
Nonzero Constant ◽  
Classic Case ◽  
First Order ◽  
Generalized Potential ◽  
The Given

We study some spectral problems for a second-order differential operator with periodic potential. Notice that the given potential is a sum of zero- and first-order generalized functions. It is shown that the spectrum of the investigated operator consists of infinite number of gaps whose length limit unlike the classic case tends to nonzero constant in some place and to infinity in other place.

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